Question 1

During hydrolysis of ATP,it loses a(n)________,which results in an increase in entropy.

Accepted Answer

The answer of During hydrolysis of ATP,it loses a(n)________,which results...

Question 2

The negatively charged phosphates of ATP influence one another by

Accepted Answer

A) relative hydration. 
B) charge repulsion. 
C) resonance hybridization. 
D) dehydrogenation. 
E) all of the above

Question 3

The ________ is the link between glycolysis in muscle cells and gluconeogenesis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ________ is the link between glycolysis...

Question 4

Resonance ________ describes a condition in which extra electrons are delocalized over all possible bonds.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Resonance ________ describes a condition in which...

Question 5

At which enzymatic step of glycolysis is water a product?

Accepted Answer

A) 3 
B) 5 
C) 6 
D) 9 
E) 10

Question 6

Three hypothetical phosphorylated compounds (A,B,and C)are involved in energy metabolism.Standard free energies of hydrolysis for A = 13.1 kcal/mol,for B = -2.7 kcal/mol,and for C = 6.7 kcal/mol.
What is the sequence in which these molecules could most exergonically phosphorylate?

Accepted Answer

A) A, B, C 
B) A, C, B 
C) B, C, A 
D) C, B, A 
E) C followed by A or B

Question 7

The enzyme ________ is associated with the cytoplasmic portion of the glucose transporter.

Accepted Answer

A) hexokinase 
B) glucose phosphorylase 
C) gluconase 
D) hexose phosphorylase 
E) none of the above

Question 8

How many enzymatic steps are involved in converting glucose to pyruvate?

Accepted Answer

A) 3 
B) 6 
C) 8 
D) 10 
E) 12

Question 9

________ is the direct transfer of a phosphate to ADP,forming ATP.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ is the direct transfer of a...

Question 10

When we eat dairy products,we need ________,the enzyme used to hydrolyze ________ into glucose and galactose.In the absence of this enzyme,we may experience cramps and diarrhea,a condition called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When we eat dairy products,we need ________,the...

Question 11

Which of the following is not a final electron acceptor in anaerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

A) sulfur 
B) hydrogen 
C) iron 
D) nitrate 
E) pyruvate

Question 12

In the first step of glycolysis,glucose can be phosphorylated because

Accepted Answer

A) a phosphoanhydride bond has higher energy of hydrolysis than a phosphoester bond. 
B) the transfer of a phosphate from ATP to glucose is exergonic. 
C) both the number 2 and 3 carbons can be spontaneously phosphorylated. 
D) the ketosugar is rapidly phosphorylated at the carbon 1 hydroxyl group. 
E) both choices A and B

Question 13

Which of the following statements best describes the role of NAD⁺/NADH in glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

A) NADH is used to produce energy by directly creating the phosphoanhydride bonds in ATP. 
B) NAD⁺ is used to carry electrons. 
C) NADH is capable of pumping ions during glycolysis. 
D) NADH is used primarily in substrate-level phosphorylation. 
E) all of the above

Question 14

The process of glucose synthesis is called

Accepted Answer

A) glycolysis. 
B) gluconeogenesis. 
C) aglycolysis. 
D) glucogenesis. 
E) both choices B and C

Question 15

Oxidation is defined as the removal of ________.In biological systems,these are usually accompanied by protons in a process called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Oxidation is defined as the removal of...

Question 16

The coenzyme ________ must interact with pyruvate before fermentation by-products are produced.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The coenzyme ________ must interact with pyruvate...

Question 17

Individuals with diabetes mellitis (sugar diabetes)are often asked to avoid consuming sugar.If they do consume sugar,it is recommended that the sugar be fructose rather than sucrose or glucose.
a. From what you know about the absorption and metabolism of sugars,can you suggest why fructose is the preferred sugar for diabetics?
b. Can you suggest why sucrose is not recommended for diabetics?
c. Why would diabetics be urged to avoid foods that are high in starch?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Individuals with diabetes mellitis (sugar diabetes)are often...

Question 18

Glycolytic enzymes also function in which of the following processes?

Accepted Answer

A) cell division 
B) glycolysis 
C) apoptosis 
D) growth factors 
E) all of the above

Question 19

A key regulator of both glycolysis and gluconeogenesis is

Accepted Answer

A) hexokinase. 
B) glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate. 
C) alanine. 
D) coenzyme (Co
A) . 
E) fructose-2, 6-biophosphate.

Question 20

Hereditary fructose intolerance is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder characterized by the lack of the enzyme aldolase B.Symptoms include convulsions,excessive sleepiness,irritability,vomiting,and hypoglycemia. What intermediate accumulates in these individuals,and how may this be associated with the observed symptoms?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Hereditary fructose intolerance is an autosomal recessive...

Exam 9: Chemotrophic Energy Metabolism: Glycolysis and Fermentation