Question 1

Rape may occur as a result of having sex

Accepted Answer

A) as a result of physical force. 
B) as a result of incapacitation. 
C) as a result of both physical force and incapacitation. 
D) as a result of catharsis.

Question 2

Proponents of the death penalty might use social-psychological data to assert that it can become an effective deterrent if

Accepted Answer

A)  the criminal justice system becomes more "color blind." 
B)  it were more selectively applied. 
C)  law enforcement could work more efficiently and promptly. 
D)  it were more broadly applied.

Question 3

Julie is really interested in Tom.She flirts with him at lunch a few times, and finally asks him out for a drink on Friday.According to the authors of your text, Julie's behavior is

Accepted Answer

A)  assertive. 
B)  aggressive. 
C)  masculine. 
D)  abnormal.

Question 4

A sports psychologist observed the behavior of fans during an especially violent hockey game.He found that as the game progressed, spectators became more belligerent and hostile, not less.These findings present a direct challenge to the assumption that ________ reduces aggression.

Accepted Answer

A)  vicariously discharging aggressive impulses 
B)  engaging in direct aggression 
C)  fantasizing to discharge aggressive impulses 
D)  modeling cooperative behaviors

Question 5

Which of the following is out of place?

Accepted Answer

A)  gossiping 
B)  shunning 
C)  slapping 
D)  backbiting

Question 6

The authors of your text suggest that openly and rationally discussing something that has made you angry with close friends can lead to

Accepted Answer

A) greater conflict in the relationship. 
B) a stronger friendship. 
C) a good chance that the friendship will end soon. 
D) an outburst of aggression.

Question 7

According to the relationship between frustration and aggression, who is most likely to get into an argument with someone who cuts in line ahead of him or her?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tim, who has been waiting two hours to buy concert tickets and still has at least an hour to wait 
B)  Barbara, who is the next in line at the grocery store check-out counter 
C)  Hector, who is last in line for movie tickets 
D)  Alicia, who only has one item at the drug store

Question 8

Nisbett (1993) has conducted research pointing to regional differences in the propensity to aggress.Based on his findings, which of the men below would be more likely to beat up another man who called his wife "ugly"?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jethro, who lives in New York City 
B)  Rocky, who is from Maine 
C)  Ted, who lives in Texas 
D)  Brian, who lives in rural Indiana

Question 9

According to the frustration-aggression theory, frustration-the perception that we are being prevented from reaching a goal-does not always lead to aggression.What factors increase the odds that frustrated people will aggress?

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the frustration-aggression theory, frustration-the perception...

Question 10

Recall an experiment in which participants were insulted either before or after they learned that the offender was upset due to a low grade.Participants were more likely to retaliate when the situation was explained to them after the insult.These results support the idea that provocation is less likely to result in an aggressive response when

Accepted Answer

A)  we can empathize with those who provoke us. 
B)  those who provoke us apologize before we are provoked. 
C)  those who provoke us have an excuse for their behavior. 
D)  we learn of mitigating circumstance ahead of time.

Question 11

According to cognitive dissonance theorists, when people attempt to vent their aggressive impulses by harming another person, they are more likely to engage in later acts of aggression because

Accepted Answer

A)  arousal caused by dissonance is misinterpreted as frustration. 
B)  dissonance is reduced by derogating the victim, increasing the odds of later aggression. 
C)  frustration is mistaken for dissonance. 
D)  "blowing off steam" increases the arousal caused by dissonance, yielding more aggression.

Question 12

Research by Patterson (1974) found that high school football players were more competitive and aggressive in _____ than ______ weeks; thereby contracting the predictions of the supporters of catharsis.

Accepted Answer

A) earlier; later 
B) later; earlier 
C) weeks when they played rivals; non-rival 
D) non-rival weeks; rivalry

Question 13

You are about to leave on vacation and your brother is driving you to the airport.Unfortunately, you get to the airport too late and you find out that your flight has already left.Under which of the following conditions are you most likely to feel aggressive toward your brother and want to scream at him?

Accepted Answer

A)  You missed your flight by two minutes. 
B)  You missed your flight by an hour. 
C)  Your flight has been delayed. 
D)  Your brother forgot to put your luggage in the car.

Question 14

Research examining the "think-drink" effect gave some participants a nonalcoholic drink, some a weak alcohol drink, and some a strong alcohol drink to see how aggressive they would be.The participants were also told how much alcohol they were getting, but the researchers did not necessarily tell them the truth about the amount.What is(are) the independent variable(s)?

Accepted Answer

A)  amount of aggression 
B)  amount of alcohol received 
C)  amount of alcohol they were told was in the drink 
D)  both the amount of alcohol they received and the amount of alcohol they were told was in the drink

Question 15

The phenomenon of "road rage" has been given increasing attention by print and electronic media.Briefly, road rage involves retaliations against other drivers (e.g., shooting, running them off the road) that far exceed their offenses (e.g., driving too slowly, tailgating).You're designing next year's model cars, and have just read Chapter 12 (Aggression).What new design feature might you suggest?

Accepted Answer

A)  a second horn that makes a funny "I'm sorry" noise 
B)  a louder, more powerful stereo system to distract drivers from their frustration 
C)  a second horn that makes a louder, more threatening sound that communicates, "I'm really angry now!" 
D)  bulletproof glass on all new model cars

Question 16

Based on the research presented in your text on aggression, what advice would you give to Tim, who just found out he didn't make the baseball team and is angry?

Accepted Answer

A) Watch a violent movie to help relieve aggressive feelings. 
B) Try to relax and restrain urges to be aggressive. 
C) Play a violent game of rugby to vent. 
D) Go to the gym and hit a punching bag for an hour.

Question 17

________ occurs when a person is thwarted on the way to an expected goal or gratification.

Accepted Answer

A)  Frustration 
B)  Depression 
C)  Aggression 
D)  Low self-esteem

Question 18

Biologist Zing Yang Kuo (1961) demonstrated that a cat that had been raised from birth with a rat in the same cage would attack neither that specific rat nor other rats.This research suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)  conflict over scarce resources contributes to aggression. 
B)  aggression is a learned response. 
C)  aggressive behavior is not instinctive. 
D)  aggressive instincts can be modified through experience.

Question 19

Explain the role of social conditions in changing the Iroquois tribe from peaceable people to fierce warriors.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the role of social conditions in...

Question 20

A researcher (Eibl-Eibesfeldt, 1963) raised rats in isolation.When other rats were finally introduced into their cages, rats raised alone ________, suggesting that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  could not defend themselves; aggression is learned 
B)  used the same aggressive behaviors as other rats; aggression need not be learned 
C)  did not aggress against them; instrumental aggression does not exist in nonhumans 
D)  fled from the new rats; aggression must be learned

Exam 12: Aggression: Why Do We Hurt Other People Can We Prevent It