A Researcher Wanted to Test Whether People Tend to Use

A researcher wanted to test whether people tend to use less smartphone technology. as they get older. The researcher surveyed 10-year-olds, 30-year-olds, 50-year-olds, and 70-year-olds, and found that the 10-year-olds and 30-year-olds used smartphones more than the older respondents. The researcher concluded that cognitive ageing causes people to use their phone less. What is a concern for this conclusion?

A) The sample is biased because there are no people between 21‒29 years old.
B) There may be cohort effects.
C) The Hawthorne effect.
D) The age range is too large to make comparisons.

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