Question 1

What do statistics say about the relationship between dangerousness and mental illness?

Accepted Answer

A)  Statistics point to a moderately increased rate of violence among people with mental illness. 
B)  Statistics suggest that there is an overwhelming increase in the rate of violence among people with mental illness. 
C)  Statistics suggest that there is a significant increase in the rate of violence among those with mental illness and that the violent acts are more severe. 
D)  Statistics overwhelming prove that there is no evidence to suggest that a higher rate of violence exists among people with mental illness.

Question 2

What do the clinical efficacy axis and the clinical utility axis of the APA clinical practice guidelines refer to?

Accepted Answer

A)  generalizability and feasibility, respectively 
B)  internal validity and external validity, respectively 
C)  feasibility and generalizability, respectively 
D)  external validity and internal validity, respectively

Question 3

The outcome of Frank's trial resulted in a finding of "not criminally responsible on account of mental disorder." According to Canadian law,where will Frank now be sent?

Accepted Answer

A)  a psychiatric hospital 
B)  a prison 
C)  a community mental health centre 
D)  a prison with 24-hour psychiatric treatment

Question 4

Some provinces,such as British Columbia,do not recognize the right of involuntary but competent patients to refuse treatment.What is this inconsistent with?

Accepted Answer

A)  the Criminal Code of Canada 
B)  the Ethical Code of the Canadian Psychological Association 
C)  the clinical practice guidelines of the American Psychological Association 
D)  the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT included in the "boundary issues" principle in the Canadian Code of Ethics for Psychologists?

Accepted Answer

A)  Give reasonable assistance to help a person secure needed services if the therapist is unable to treat the person himself or herself. 
B)  Do not exploit any relationship established with a client to further one's own personal, business, or political interests at the expense of the best interests of the client. 
C)  Avoid dual relationships (e.g., acting as therapist to someone the therapist has interactions with in another context). 
D)  Do not take advantage of a client's trust or dependency to encourage or engage in sexual relations with clients or with a client's partner or relatives.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT an area in which expert witnesses assist courts or juries in making decisions?

Accepted Answer

A)  identifying malingering (faking symptoms) 
B)  assessing the accused's potential for future violence 
C)  determining whether someone has a "mental illness" 
D)  assessing someone's fitness to stand trial

Question 7

Which of the following is characteristic of the definition of mental illness in Canada?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is defined differently among provinces and territories. 
B)  It is defined similarly across Canada. 
C)  It is defined by the hospital where the patient is being committed. 
D)  It is determined by the federal government.

Question 8

The term "transinstitutionalization" refers to the movement of people with severe mental illness out of psychiatric hospitals.Which of the following is NOT a place where these people are to move to?

Accepted Answer

A)  jails and prisons 
B)  group residences 
C)  nursing homes 
D)  community health centres

Question 9

Which of the following cases is the M'Naghten rule based on?

Accepted Answer

A)  A man attempted to kill former Canadian Prime Minister Jean Chrétien. 
B)  A man in Ireland shot and killed his wife while in a dissociative state. 
C)  An Australian woman killed her husband after many years of severe abuse. 
D)  A man killed the British prime minister's secretary, thinking it was the prime minister.

Question 10

Last year,Danny murdered his brother,Wayne.Danny's lawyers have recommended the most commonly used insanity defence.What defence will Danny be using?

Accepted Answer

A)  the M'Naghten rule 
B)  the American Law Institute rule 1962 
C)  the Mental Disease rule 
D)  the Durham rule

Question 11

Although battered woman syndrome is not recognized in the DSM-5,the Supreme Court of Canada has acknowledged that it may in some cases be used as a valid form of the self-defence defence.Why is this so?

Accepted Answer

A)  because a woman who has been severely battered may not possess reasonable control over her behaviour 
B)  because an accused may reasonably believe that her life is in danger even though it may not be imminent or immediate 
C)  because a person has the right to protect himself or herself 
D)  because the battering may have resulted in brain damage, rendering the woman incapable of knowing right from wrong

Question 12

What percentage of involuntary patients persist in refusing treatment?

Accepted Answer

A)  2 percent 
B)  10 percent 
C)  20 percent 
D)  30 percent

Question 13

According to Stuart and Arboldea-Florez (2000),what groups are increasing among the homeless?

Accepted Answer

A)  younger people, women, and families 
B)  senior citizens who are unable to survive on fixed incomes 
C)  young children who have been abandoned by their families and women 
D)  couples and single women

Question 14

Identify and discuss the three ethical principles for treating the mentally ill that are contained in the Canadian Code of Ethics for Psychologists and are described in your textbook.Give an illustrative example of a violation of each of those three principles (either an actual case described in the textbook or a hypothetical one).

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify and discuss the three ethical principles...

Question 15

There is a description in your textbook of the brainwashing research of Dr.Ewan Cameron in Montreal in the 1950s and 1960s.This case exemplifies the violation of several ethical principles for conducting research on human participants.Which of the following is NOT one of these principles?

Accepted Answer

A)  free and informed consent 
B)  respect for vulnerable persons 
C)  consent from family 
D)  maximization of benefits

Question 16

Which of the following is the Durham Rule of 1954?

Accepted Answer

A)  A woman is not legally responsible for killing a spouse if she is suffering from battered woman syndrome. 
B)  A person cannot be tried for a criminal offence if they did not know what they were doing was wrong. 
C)  A person cannot be committed to a mental health facility against their will if they are not in danger of harming others. 
D)  A person is not responsible for a crime that is the result of a mental illness.

Question 17

Although Canada has not had a legal precedent like the ruling in the Tarasoff case in the United States,what did the Alberta Court of Queen's Bench state in Wenden v.Trikha (1991)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Psychologists must never violate patient-therapist confidentiality. 
B)  Canadian psychologists must abide by U.S. laws regarding a duty to warn. 
C)  A duty to warn might be imposed for psychologists under some circumstances. 
D)  Psychologists will not be held responsible for not warning a patient's potential victim(s).

Question 18

According to the Canadian Criminal Code,which of the following is NOT a requirement for a person assessed as being fit to stand trial?

Accepted Answer

A)  They must understand the nature and object of the proceedings. 
B)  They must understand the nature and moral quality of the act of which they stand accused. 
C)  They must understand the possible consequences of the proceedings. 
D)  They must communicate with counsel.

Question 19

In the 1980s,psychologist David Garner lost his licence to practise psychology in Ontario after he engaged in sexual relations with two clients he was treating.Which ethical principle for psychologists did Garner breach?

Accepted Answer

A)  boundary issues 
B)  do no harm 
C)  not engaging in sexual relationships with clients under the age of 21 
D)  recognizing limits of competence

Question 20

According to Ogloff and Whittemore (2001),what do negative public perceptions of the "not criminally responsible on account of mental disorder" (NCRMD)defence reflect?

Accepted Answer

A)  an underestimate by the public of how often the NCRMD defence is used in criminal cases 
B)  a lack of understanding by the public about the nature and prevalence of mental illness 
C)  a lack of understanding by the public about criminal law 
D)  a lack of appreciation by the public about just how serious the consequences are of using this defence

Exam 16: Mental Health Services: Legal and Ethical Issues