Question 1

Describe the problems associated with using medications such as benzodiazepines as a treatment for primary insomnia.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the problems associated with using medications...

Question 2

John reports not feeling refreshed and rested even though he has slept the whole night.What type of disorder might John be suffering from?

Accepted Answer

A)  primary insomnia 
B)  some type of parasomnia 
C)  a disorder not related to sleep 
D)  some type of dyssomnia

Question 3

People who have unrealistic expectations such as "I must sleep a full eight hours every night,or I will be unable to function" are more likely to experience insomnia.What does this example show might influence insomnia?

Accepted Answer

A)  cognition 
B)  early learning 
C)  self-fulfilling prophecy 
D)  cultural norms

Question 4

Which of the following helps to explain the increase in the incidence of anorexia and bulimia over the past 30 years?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pharmaceutical companies have expanded their marketing of laxatives and diuretics. 
B)  There has been a decrease in the weight of both beauty pageant contestants and Playboy centrefolds. 
C)  There have been concurrent increases in the rate of depression. 
D)  There has been an increase in weight loss programs and fad diets.

Question 5

Dr.Cowan treats women with anorexia but also specializes in treating another disorder that commonly co-occurs with anorexia.What is that disorder MOST likely to be?

Accepted Answer

A)  anxiety disorder 
B)  personality disorder 
C)  obsessive-compulsive disorder 
D)  depressive disorder

Question 6

Simon sometimes wakes up feeling that there are other people in the room,but he is unable to move or say anything.What is Simon most likely experiencing?

Accepted Answer

A)  sleep paralysis and hypnagogic hallucinations associated with narcolepsy 
B)  hypnagogic hallucinations associated with hypersomnia 
C)  cataplexy associated with narcolepsy 
D)  sleep paralysis and hypnagogic hallucinations associated with hypersomnia

Question 7

According to research by Smith and colleagues (1992),Agras and colleagues (1997),and others,which of the following is critical to sustaining weight loss in obese patients?

Accepted Answer

A)  increasing self-esteem 
B)  using antidepressants 
C)  starting a regular exercise program 
D)  stopping binge eating

Question 8

Jessica is 13 and has begun a cycle of binging and purging.Her doctor is so concerned that he has prescribed a medication for her that has been shown to help other people with eating disorders.What medication did he prescribe?

Accepted Answer

A)  a placebo 
B)  an antidepressant 
C)  a benzodiazepine 
D)  Ritalin

Question 9

Describe the psychological treatments that are generally used for the treatment of primary insomnia.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the psychological treatments that are generally...

Question 10

According to Forestell and colleagues (2004),what are undergraduate women most critical of when making evaluations of physical attractiveness?

Accepted Answer

A)  women's body fat 
B)  women's overall weight 
C)  women's waist size 
D)  women's hip size

Question 11

Dr.Mukherjee conducts research on eating disorders.Which of the following will be typical of participants in Dr.Mukherjee's research?

Accepted Answer

A)  lower intelligence and higher income 
B)  upper socioeconomic status 
C)  lower socioeconomic status 
D)  higher intelligence and higher income

Question 12

What was the outcome of a study that attempted to increase body-image satisfaction and reduce dieting for Grade 6 girls?

Accepted Answer

A)  Changes were noted only in girls who were identified as being at high risk before the study. 
B)  Increased body-image satisfaction and reduced dieting attitudes were immediately noticed and maintained up until the next year. 
C)  Changes to increased body-image satisfaction were initially noted in the control group as well as the intervention group. 
D)  The initial increased body-image satisfaction and reduced dieting attitudes and benefits were not maintained one year after the intervention.

Question 13

What is obstructive sleep apnea characterized by?

Accepted Answer

A)  interruption of air flow without cessation of respiratory activity 
B)  central nervous system disorders and trauma 
C)  complete cessation of respiratory activity for brief periods 
D)  interruption of air flow and brief cessation of respiratory activity

Question 14

What is one approach to successfully reducing the frequency of sleep terrors?

Accepted Answer

A)  Make sure that the child is very tired before going to bed. 
B)  Wake the child during the attack. 
C)  Make sure the child does not eat one hour before bedtime; diet matters. 
D)  Use scheduled awakenings to briefly awaken the child before an attack occurs.

Question 15

Which type of treatment has the best long-term success for treating sleep disorders in older adults?

Accepted Answer

A)  drug therapy 
B)  drug therapy combined with psychological treatments 
C)  psychological treatments 
D)  self-help treatments

Question 16

What is the most significant feature of bulimia?

Accepted Answer

A)  purging 
B)  overeating 
C)  overeating followed by an urge to vomit 
D)  binge eating followed by compensatory behaviour

Question 17

Jack has always been the "early to bed and early to rise" type of person.Which type of circadian rhythm does he demonstrate?

Accepted Answer

A)  premature sleep phase 
B)  delayed sleep phase 
C)  advanced sleep phase 
D)  average sleep phase pattern

Question 18

What does a typical case of insomnia involve?

Accepted Answer

A)  an individual who has difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep 
B)  an individual who does not sleep at all 
C)  an individual who sleeps all night but still feels like he or she has been awake for hours 
D)  an individual who frequently sleepwalks

Question 19

What is the long-term prognosis for people treated for anorexia or bulimia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both anorexia and bulimia patients typically make a full and long-term recovery after treatment. 
B)  Patients with anorexia who receive treatment tend to have a better prognosis than patients with bulimia. 
C)  Patients with bulimia tend to have a better prognosis than patients with anorexia. 
D)  Treatment for both types of eating disorders tends to work in the short term only.

Question 20

Hailey has just started showing signs of an eating disorder.What stage of development is Hailey likely in right now?

Accepted Answer

A)  early childhood 
B)  late childhood 
C)  early adolescence 
D)  late adolescence

Exam 8: Eating and Sleep-Wake Disorders