Question 1

What is an important factor in determining whether an individual will develop post-traumatic stress disorder following a traumatic event?

Accepted Answer

A)  the individual's gender 
B)  the individual's age at time of the trauma 
C)  the number of relatives with psychological disorders 
D)  the extent of emotional support from family and friends

Question 2

For which type of phobia does the age of onset peak at about seven years of age?

Accepted Answer

A)  social phobia 
B)  agoraphobic avoidance 
C)  choking and illness phobias 
D)  animal and natural environment phobias

Question 3

With regard to pharmacological treatments for obsessive-compulsive disorder,the most effective drugs are those that inhibit the reuptake of a certain neurotransmitter.What is this neurotransmitter?

Accepted Answer

A)  dopamine 
B)  epinephrine 
C)  serotonin 
D)  noradrenaline

Question 4

What is the risk of someone with panic disorder attempting suicide?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is comparable to that for individuals with major depression. 
B)  It is less than that for individuals with panic disorder who also demonstrate agoraphobic avoidance. 
C)  It is higher than that for individuals with major depression. 
D)  It is less than that for individuals with agoraphobia alone.

Question 5

What psychological disorder in children is characterized by unrealistic and persistent worry that something will happen to the child's parents,and may result in a child refusing to leave home?

Accepted Answer

A)  separation anxiety 
B)  school phobia 
C)  situational phobia 
D)  globus hystericus

Question 6

According to research,what area of the brain was activated in people with social anxiety disorder who viewed angry and contemptuous faces?

Accepted Answer

A)  the temporal lobe 
B)  the frontal lobe 
C)  the hippocampus 
D)  the amygdala

Question 7

While more women than men experience fear of snakes,for which of the following phobias is the sex ratio approximately equal?

Accepted Answer

A)  fear of flying 
B)  fear of heights 
C)  fear of illness 
D)  fear of water

Question 8

Johnson and colleagues (2000)found an increased risk of developing anxiety disorders among certain teenagers.What was significant about these teenagers?

Accepted Answer

A)  They smoked 20 or more cigarettes daily. 
B)  They used anabolic steroids for six months or more. 
C)  They drank alcohol every day. 
D)  They smoked marijuana more than once per week.

Question 9

When they are part of post-traumatic stress disorder,what are symptoms such as feelings of unreality and/or amnesia for all or part of the traumatic event called?

Accepted Answer

A)  psychotic symptoms 
B)  neurotic symptoms 
C)  dissociative symptoms 
D)  reactive symptoms

Question 10

According to your textbook,how is fear experienced?

Accepted Answer

A)  as a neurotic response 
B)  as culturally specific phenomenon 
C)  as a future-oriented mood state 
D)  as an immediate emotional reaction to danger

Question 11

Which of the following is a common symptom of people with post-traumatic stress disorder?

Accepted Answer

A)  memories and nightmares of the event 
B)  chronic worrying 
C)  excessive emotional responsiveness 
D)  difficulty learning to do new things

Question 12

In which country have researchers found obsessive-compulsive behaviours to be most often related to religious rituals?

Accepted Answer

A)  Saudi Arabia 
B)  Ireland 
C)  Russia 
D)  Somalia

Question 13

The neurosurgical procedure called a cingulotomy is sometimes used to relieve severe symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).Why would a cingulotomy usually be considered only after drugs and psychological treatments had failed?

Accepted Answer

A)  because only about 30 percent of patients who undergo this procedure benefit substantially 
B)  because there is a high risk of mortality associated with this procedure 
C)  because neuroscientists still aren't sure whether the cingulate bundle is involved in OCD 
D)  because there are ethical concerns over the use of neurosurgery

Question 14

Define agoraphobia and discuss fully how and why it develops.In your answer,include gender differences in the development of this disorder and explain what is meant by interoceptive avoidance.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define agoraphobia and discuss fully how and...

Question 15

A woman was obsessed with the idea that if she did not eat in a consistent calculated way,some disaster would befall her family.What is the symptom subtype of this aspect of obsessive-compulsive disorder?

Accepted Answer

A)  checking thinking 
B)  forbidden thinking 
C)  contamination thinking 
D)  symmetrical thinking

Question 16

According to Barlow (2002)and others,all the evidence now points to what conclusion about agoraphobic avoidance behaviour?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is conceptually unrelated to panic disorder; it is a coincidence that they often occur together. 
B)  It is similar to the behaviour of people with generalized anxiety disorder. 
C)  It is a complication of severe unexpected panic attacks. 
D)  It is a principle cause of panic disorder.

Question 17

Why are the rates of comorbidity (co-occurrence)among various anxiety disorders and depression high?

Accepted Answer

A)  because the same psychological interventions should be used on all of them 
B)  because they share some of the same biological and psychological vulnerabilities for developing them 
C)  because the diagnostic criteria for these disorders are too ambiguous 
D)  because they may not be distinct disorders at all

Question 18

Who is most likely to avoid all contact with other people?

Accepted Answer

A)  someone with a situational phobia 
B)  someone with panic disorder 
C)  someone with blood-injury phobia 
D)  someone with an illness phobia

Question 19

Which of the following symptoms often accompanies obsessive-compulsive disorder?

Accepted Answer

A)  panic attacks 
B)  delusions 
C)  specific phobia 
D)  social anxiety disorder

Question 20

Cedella just fainted as a result of her phobia.What type of phobia does Cedella have?

Accepted Answer

A)  a blood-injury-injection phobia 
B)  a situational phobia 
C)  a natural environment phobia 
D)  an animal phobia

Exam 5: Anxiety,Trauma-Related,and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders