Question 1

A nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to the parents of a 5-month-old baby.Which nursing statements are appropriate by the nurse to these parents?

Accepted Answer

A)   "Do not leave the child alone on the changing table."
B)   "Until the age of 3, falls are common due to large head size."
C)   "Peek-a-boo is an appropriate game for this age."
D)   "Wrap up mini-blind ties so the child can't reach them."
E)   "You need to childproof all your cabinets now." A,C

Question 2

A nurse has assessed a 14-year-old hospitalized patient over several days and notes that the child has difficulty with abstract concepts and is unable to appreciate diverse points of view.According to Piaget,how would the nurse categorize this child's development?

Accepted Answer

A)   Ahead in development
B)   Behind in development
C)   Development is normal
D)   Not applicable to development B

Question 3

A parent is frustrated that her toddler cannot button a shirt on his own.Which teaching point is most appropriate for the nurse to provide to this parent?

Accepted Answer

A)   A toddler is incapable of buttoning his own shirt, and the parent should stop pushing.
B)   Developing large muscle groups has to occur before developing small muscle groups.
C)   The parent should select toys and games that will help the child develop and master this skill.
D)   The child has not met a major milestone and needs a developmental consultation. B

Question 4

A mother brings her child to the well-child clinic.She is distraught because the child tested well below normal on a school-administered intelligence (IQ)test.Which action by the nurse is the most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

A)   Advise the mother to have the test repeated next year.
B)   Assess cultural background and economic status.
C)   Facilitate a referral to a developmental specialist.
D)   Reassure the mother that IQ tests are often wrong.

Question 5

A 2-year-old is seen for a well-child visit and is scheduled to receive immunizations.The child weighed 22 lb (9.97 kg)at 1 year of age (1 year ago).Today the child weighs 23 lb (10.4 kg).Which conclusion is most appropriate for the nurse to make regarding this assessment data?

Accepted Answer

A)   The child is at an expected weight.
B)   The child is over expected weight.
C)   The child is seriously overweight.
D)   The child is underweight for age.

Question 6

A nurse is observing infants at a day-care center to determine how their behavior fits into attachment theories.The nurse notes a wide variety of attachment behaviors.What other assessment is appropriate for the nurse to make?

Accepted Answer

A)   Cultural background
B)   Fussiness of the babies
C)   Time dropped off
D)   Time spent in day care

Question 7

A mother brings her 8-year-old son into the clinic for a well-child visit.She is concerned because her son does not take responsibility for completing and handing in his school assignments on time,and his teacher has given him several warnings for missing homework.Which responses are appropriate for the nurse to this child's mother?

Accepted Answer

A)   "A good discipline strategy for this stage of development is a time-out in a specific location, which could include focusing on homework at this time."
B)   "As a parent, you should refrain from rescuing your child from the consequences of his behaviors and allow him to learn a valuable lesson from them."
C)   "At 8, children can internalize rules, so it's important to allow him to be responsible for his actions and to accept the consequences of his behavior."
D)   "Eight-year-old children are not ready to accept the consequences of their actions and need to be constantly reminded of their responsibilities."
E)   "Natural consequences are important, and removing privileges, especially time with friends, is often a successful technique at this age."

Question 8

A mother has brought her 3-year-old child in to the clinic over concern about the child's lack of development in the last 3 months.Which information is the most appropriate for the nurse to provide to this mother?

Accepted Answer

A)   Children should continue their growth and development uninterrupted.
B)   Periods of growth and development are often followed by periods of rest.
C)   There is no need for concern unless no changes are seen for 1 year.
D)   A 3-year-old often does not exhibit changes in growth and development.

Question 9

A 7-year-old hospitalized for a fracture following a car crash tells the pediatric nurse "God is in heaven with his angels and is looking down on me." Which stage of Fowler's spiritual development is this child exhibiting?

Accepted Answer

A)   Intuitive-projective stage
B)   Mythical-literal stage
C)   Synthetic-convention stage
D)   Undifferentiated stage

Question 10

A nurse is working with a child at a nutrition site.The father is not in the child's life,and the mother has been in and out of jail,resulting in a series of caregivers for the child,who appears malnourished.Using Bandura's theory of growth and development,what should the nurse assess as a priority?

Accepted Answer

A)   Bonding
B)   Industry
C)   School success
D)   Self-esteem

Question 11

The nurse is preparing to educate the parents of an 8-year-old child about normal growth and development.Which information should the nurse include?

Accepted Answer

A)   Boys and girls play equally with each other.
B)   Children frequently have best friends at this age.
C)   Peer approval is not yet important, but will be for teens.
D)   Puberty changes should be discussed before they occur.
E)   Typical weight gain is 4-6 lb (1.8-2.7 kg) /year.

Question 12

A father brings his 10-month-old infant to the well-baby clinic and expresses frustration that his child "puts everything in her mouth" and "gets into everything," then cries when objects are taken away.In providing anticipatory guidance,what action by the nurse is the most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

A)   Advise the father that crying indicates fatigue and the child should rest.
B)   Explain that objects may be dirty and should not be put in the mouth.
C)   Give the father written material on effective disciplinary techniques.
D)   Teach the father that this behavior is normal and not misbehaving.

Question 13

A 12-year-old child is in the hospital for an extended period of time.Which action by the nurse would most promote the child's sense of self-esteem?

Accepted Answer

A)   Allow the child to set a daily schedule for activities.
B)   Encourage the child's friend to come and visit.
C)   Have the child choose food from the menu.
D)   Let the parents have unlimited visitation time.

Question 14

A 10-year-old child who has been hospitalized frequently and for long periods of time has the nursing diagnosis of delayed growth and development.Which action by the child would demonstrate that outcomes for this diagnosis have been met?

Accepted Answer

A)   Able to play harmoniously with peers
B)   Does own homework independently
C)   Seeks out parental approval for activities
D)   Selects age-appropriate games and toys

Question 15

A nurse educator is discussing developmental theories with a student.What information is appropriate for the educator to provide regarding Lev Vygotsky's theory?

Accepted Answer

A)   Children learn best with assistance from someone else.
B)   Culture plays a vital role in language development.
C)   Intelligence cannot be accurately measured.
D)   The ecological approach emphasizes three important systems.
E)   Motor skills are developed and refined in the preoperational stage.

Question 16

The pediatric nurse is examining a newborn infant and notes a turning in of the foot and turning out of the toes when the sole of the foot is stroked.Which action by the nurse is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

A)   Arrange a consultation with a developmental specialist.
B)   Assess the parents' family histories for genetic defects.
C)   Document the findings in the patient's chart.
D)   Instruct the parents on required follow-up care.

Question 17

A school nurse is working with high school students.The nurse wants to influence these teenagers to make healthy decisions.Which actions are most appropriate by the school nurse to influence health decisions?

Accepted Answer

A)   Discouraging questioning rules
B)   Discussing without judging
C)   Encouraging critical thought
D)   Listening carefully to the teen
E)   Paying attention to nonverbal cues

Question 18

A nurse is working with a child who has a chronic illness requiring medication and frequent hospitalizations.The parents refuse to allow the child to go to the playroom,fearing germs from other children will harm their child.Which actions by the nurse are most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

A)   Allow the parents to voice their concerns without being judgmental.
B)   Consult with a child developmental specialist for appropriate in-room activities.
C)   Document the parents' choice on the patient record and inform the staff.
D)   Help the parents see the ways their child is normal while having an illness.
E)   Tell the parents that the playroom and all its objects are disinfected often.

Question 19

During a well-child visit,the pediatric nurse assesses a 2-year-old child for language development.Which developmental domain is the nurse assessing?

Accepted Answer

A)   Cognitive
B)   Family development
C)   Moral/spiritual
D)   Psychosocial

Question 20

A 15-year-old adolescent tells the school nurse that he is busy preparing for a forensics competition and would like to be a lawyer one day.According to Piaget's stages of development,the adolescent is in which stage of development?

Accepted Answer

A)   Concrete operational stage
B)   Formal operational stage
C)   Preoperational stage
D)   Sensorimotor stage

Exam 20: Caring for the Developing Child