Question 1

Which of these can be generally defined as our awareness of our environments and ourselves?

Accepted Answer

A)   meditation
B)   consciousness
C)   hypnosis
D)   priming B

Question 2

Needing higher amounts of Drug B as a result of developing a tolerance to Drug A is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   dualistic effects
B)   synergistic effects
C)   cross-tolerance
D)   cross addiction C

Question 3

Which of the following is true about antagonist drugs?

Accepted Answer

A)   They inhibit the effect of neurotransmitters.
B)   They increase the ability to synthesize neurotransmissions.
C)   They cause reuptake of a neurotransmitter.
D)   They increase the release of neurotransmitters. A

Question 4

Marijuana is generally categorized as which type of drug, although it has effects of other drug categories as well?

Accepted Answer

A)   opiate
B)   hallucinogen
C)   stimulant
D)   depressant

Question 5

Brianna regularly uses benzodiazepines in rather large quantities, and when she cannot use them, she gets sick to her stomach, has diarrhea, and experiences agitation, irritability, and difficulty concentrating. Brianna is experiencing ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   psychological addiction
B)   dual diagnostic effects
C)   withdrawal
D)   tolerance

Question 6

Define circadian rhythms and explain what happens when rhythms are disrupted and when you are deprived of sleep.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define circadian rhythms and explain what happens...

Question 7

If you are planning to bring a hypnotist to class to demonstrate her skills, which student is likely to be the most successful under hypnosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Elly, who is very narrowly focused
B)   James, who is the class clown and can fake hypnosis
C)   Julie, who wants to be hypnotized to perform acts of superhuman strength
D)   Mitch, who hopes the hypnotist can improve his memory dramatically under hypnosis

Question 8

Which drug contains THC, that blocks naturally-occurring receptors throughout the brain?

Accepted Answer

A)   heroin
B)   marijuana
C)   cocaine
D)   tobacco

Question 9

Chronic use of which of the following can produce an ongoing reduction in the neurotransmitter serotonin?

Accepted Answer

A)   aspirin
B)   MDMA
C)   marijuana
D)   valium

Question 10

In a sleep lab, electrodes hooked up to the patient will probably measure ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   heart rate, respiration, and blood pressure
B)   brain waves, muscle activity, and eye movements
C)   heart rate, muscle movements, and sexual arousal
D)   brain waves, myocardial functioning, and ocular movements

Question 11

If an individual taking a drug has a pathological need or craving to achieve a drug's effect, the individual is most accurately said to be ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   addicted
B)   physically dependent
C)   psychologically dependent
D)   a drug abuser

Question 12

Describe the characteristics associated with meditation, and discuss the major physiological processes that can be affected by this alternate state of consciousness. Write a brief description of one method of entering a meditative state.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the characteristics associated with meditation, and...

Question 13

Sleep apnea is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   more prevalent in women than in men
B)   marked by repeated awakenings with gasping for breath
C)   a suspected factor in narcolepsy
D)   the least serious sleep disorder

Question 14

Describe four theories of why we sleep.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe four theories of why we sleep....

Question 15

The hallucinogen that is derived as an extract from a specific form of mushroom is called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The hallucinogen that is derived as an...

Question 16

Which of the following is a characteristic of REM sleep?

Accepted Answer

A)   sleepwalking
B)   unresponsive muscles
C)   slow, regular breathing
D)   less dream activity

Question 17

Which of the following is synchronized with the circadian rhythm?

Accepted Answer

A)   core body temperature
B)   a woman's menstrual cycle
C)   patterns of pheromone release
D)   the lunar cycle

Question 18

State three common myths regarding hypnosis, and discuss why each one is a myth. Briefly describe three therapeutic uses of hypnosis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of State three common myths regarding hypnosis, and...

Question 19

Hallucinogens are commonly referred to as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   anxiolytics
B)   psychedelics
C)   benzodiazepines
D)   neuroleptics

Question 20

Which part of the brain is involved in the operation of circadian rhythms?

Accepted Answer

A)   cerebellum
B)   thalamus
C)   suprachiasmatic nucleus
D)   cerebral cortex

Exam 5: States of Consciousness