Question 1

Which conflict management strategy involves remaining committed to a relationship and simply waiting patiently for things to get better?

Accepted Answer

A)   voice
B)   loyalty
C)   neglect
D)   exit B

Question 2

Describe the two theories regarding the acquisition of gender roles. Use each theory to illustrate how someone would learn to behave in a masculine or feminine manner.

Accepted Answer

The two theories regarding the acquisition of gender roles are social learning theory and cognitive development theory.

Social learning theory suggests that individuals learn gender roles through observation, imitation, and reinforcement. For example, a boy may learn to behave in a masculine manner by observing his father's behavior and being reinforced for exhibiting similar traits. He may imitate his father's actions, such as being assertive, competitive, and showing little emotion, and receive positive feedback for doing so. Over time, this reinforcement and imitation lead to the internalization of masculine traits and behaviors.

On the other hand, cognitive development theory posits that children actively construct their understanding of gender roles through their interactions with their environment. For example, a girl may learn to behave in a feminine manner by internalizing societal expectations and norms related to femininity. She may observe that girls are expected to be nurturing, empathetic, and cooperative, and she may internalize these expectations as she interacts with her family, peers, and media. This internalization leads to the development of feminine traits and behaviors.

In both theories, the acquisition of gender roles is a result of a combination of observation, imitation, reinforcement, and internalization of societal expectations. These processes shape individuals' understanding of what it means to behave in a masculine or feminine manner, leading to the development of gender-typical behaviors and traits.

Question 3

If you were in charge of developing a research-based program to reduce sexual violence in your community, what would be the four pillars of this program? What specific steps would you institute related to these four pillars?

Accepted Answer

The four pillars of a research-based program to reduce sexual violence in a community would include education, prevention, support, and accountability.

1. Education: The first pillar would involve comprehensive education on consent, healthy relationships, and the impact of sexual violence. This would include age-appropriate curriculum in schools, community workshops, and public awareness campaigns.

2. Prevention: The second pillar would focus on preventing sexual violence before it occurs. This could involve bystander intervention training, promoting safe social environments, and addressing underlying factors such as gender inequality and toxic masculinity.

3. Support: The third pillar would provide support for survivors of sexual violence. This would include accessible and trauma-informed counseling services, support groups, and resources for reporting and seeking justice.

4. Accountability: The fourth pillar would involve holding perpetrators accountable for their actions. This could include improved law enforcement response, legal advocacy for survivors, and community initiatives to challenge harmful attitudes and behaviors.

Specific steps related to these pillars could include implementing evidence-based curriculum in schools, partnering with local organizations to provide prevention programs, establishing a 24/7 support hotline for survivors, and working with law enforcement to improve response and investigation protocols. Additionally, ongoing research and evaluation would be essential to measure the program's effectiveness and make necessary adjustments.

Question 4

Which branch of the nervous system is dominant during orgasm and ejaculation?

Accepted Answer

A)   parasympathetic
B)   sympathetic
C)   central
D)   peripheral

Question 5

How many infectious organisms that can be transmitted through sexual contact have been identified?

Accepted Answer

A)   more than 25
B)   more than 40
C)   more than 75
D)   more than 120

Question 6

Which destructive conflict style involves emotionally withdrawing and refusing to participate in conversation?

Accepted Answer

A)   criticism
B)   contempt
C)   defensiveness
D)   stonewalling

Question 7

Scientists who follow which view believe that most aspects of human sexuality are determined largely by social influences?

Accepted Answer

A)   nature
B)   nurture
C)   cognitive
D)   humanistic

Question 8

Which of these is important in the prevention of inappropriate sexual behavior, including childhood sexual abuse, sexual harassment, and sexual assault?

Accepted Answer

A)   restricting access to information about sex
B)   making personal boundaries more permeable
C)   personal empowerment
D)   stringent punishment

Question 9

Which destructive communication strategy involves active moves to threaten to or leave the relationship?

Accepted Answer

A)   voice
B)   loyalty
C)   neglect
D)   exit

Question 10

When gender role prescriptions are overly simplified or unfair and applied to all men or women, they're known as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   sexual scripts
B)   gender-role stereotypes
C)   gender schema
D)   gender identities

Question 11

Proponents of which perspective believe that paraphilic disorders are a result of conditioning?

Accepted Answer

A)   biological
B)   learning or behaviorist
C)   cognitive
D)   psychoanalytic

Question 12

In which type of disorder do individuals experience intense sexual arousal from fantasies, urges, or behaviors associated with exposing their genitals to unsuspecting and nonconsenting observers?

Accepted Answer

A)   fetishistic
B)   flashing
C)   exhibitionistic
D)   psychosexual anxiety

Question 13

One study on child sex abuse found that what percentage of survivors never told anyone else about their experiences?

Accepted Answer

A)   10%
B)   25%
C)   33%
D)   40%

Question 14

In terms of communication, men are more likely than women to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   use speech to achieve and share intimacy
B)   become more sensitive to the feelings of others during conflict
C)   prefer written communication
D)   use speech to convey information

Question 15

People who have which identity sometimes report feeling that they are victims of a "birth defect"?

Accepted Answer

A)   gender-role-confused
B)   gender-identity-confused
C)   gay or lesbians
D)   transgender

Question 16

Culturally and socially defined prescriptions and beliefs about the thoughts, feelings, and actions of men and women are referred to as a ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   gender identity
B)   gender role
C)   sexual identity
D)   sexual orientation

Question 17

The unlawful act of coercing oral, anal, or vaginal penetration upon a person without consent, or upon someone incapable of giving consent, is called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The unlawful act of coercing oral, anal,...

Question 18

Victor and his wife Odessa have had an ongoing argument in their marriage. Victor would like to have regular sex, but Odessa just doesn't feel the desire to do so. She is not unhappy with Victor, has no physical limitations, and is happy with their marriage. She just does not want to have sex on a frequent basis. Odessa might be diagnosed with ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   female sexual interest/arousal disorder
B)   female orgasmic disorder
C)   vaginismus
D)   inhibited sexual desire

Question 19

Which destructive conflict style involves focusing on protection of one's self?

Accepted Answer