Researchers Conduct a Randomized Controlled Trial to Determine Whether Prophylactic

Researchers conduct a randomized controlled trial to determine whether prophylactic administration of tranexamic acid (TXA) in addition to prophylactic oxytocin in women undergoing vaginal delivery has an effect on the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) , defined as blood loss ≥500 mL.  Study participants are women in labor who have a planned vaginal delivery of a live singleton at ≥35 weeks gestation.  They are randomly assigned to receive 1 g TXA or placebo intravenously in addition to prophylactic oxytocin after delivery.  The relative risk of PPH among women receiving TXA in addition to oxytocin is 0.80 (95% confidence interval of 0.66-0.96) .  Which of the following is the most appropriate conclusion about the effect of TXA in addition to prophylactic oxytocin after delivery on the risk of PPH?

A) Adding TXA is associated with a 20% increase in the risk of PPH
B) Receiving TXA in addition to prophylactic oxytocin decreases the risk of PPH by 80%
C) The risk of PPH is reduced by 20% when TXA is added to prophylactic oxytocin
D) The risk of developing PPH in the TXA treatment group is 0.8%
E) TXA prophylaxis has no significant effect on the risk of PPH

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