A Large Cohort Study Is Conducted to Assess the Association

A large cohort study is conducted to assess the association between smoking and squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus among middle-aged Chinese men.  During 10 years of follow-up, smokers have 5 times the risk of esophageal carcinoma compared to non-smokers (relative risk = 5.0, 95% confidence interval = 2.9-7.1) .  According to the study results, what percentage of squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus in smokers can be attributed to smoking?

A) 25%
B) 50%
C) 70%
D) 80%
E) 90%

Correct Answer:

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