Question 1

List and discuss the four elements of culture presented in the text. Describe the functioning of each in your own life.

Accepted Answer

The answer of List and discuss the four elements of...

Question 2

Although earlier immigrants to the United States were predominantly from Europe, today most new immigrants come to the United States from

Accepted Answer

A)  southern and eastern Europe. 
B)  Asia and Latin America. 
C)  the Middle East and Africa. 
D)  South America and the Caribbean.

Question 3

The concept of cultural hegemony implies that culture is highly _____ since those in control of cultural institutions can control people's awareness by creating cultural beliefs that make the rule of those in power seem inevitable and right.

Accepted Answer

A)  politicized 
B)  relativistic 
C)  heterogeneous 
D)  individualistic

Question 4

The difference between subcultures and countercultures is that

Accepted Answer

A)  countercultures reject and defy the dominant culture, while subcultures exist within and share some elements with the dominant culture. 
B)  subcultures are created as a reaction to the dominant culture, and countercultures are simply a modification of some of the dominant culture's norms. 
C)  countercultures retreat from the dominant culture, and subcultures remain within the dominant culture to actively oppose it. 
D)  as they become better established, subcultures always lead to the development of countercultures.

Question 5

Individuals who sexually assault children are often severely sanctioned. Such severe sanctions are a result of their having broken a

Accepted Answer

A)  folkway. 
B)  more. 
C)  taboo. 
D)  custom.

Question 6

Which statement about characters in programs on the major U.S. television networks is the most accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Professional women are young, thin, and beautiful. 
B)  South Asians are generally cast as physicians or computer scientists. 
C)  Hispanics are generally cast as musicians or athletes. 
D)  The majority of characters are women.

Question 7

Sociologists define beliefs as

Accepted Answer

A)  general standards of behavior adhered to by a group. 
B)  shared ideas held collectively by people within a given culture about what is true. 
C)  strict norms that control moral and ethical behavior. 
D)  codified guidelines that define right and wrong in society.

Question 8

Define what is meant by material and nonmaterial culture. Give two examples of each.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define what is meant by material and...

Question 9

How does language influence patterns of social inequality?

Accepted Answer

A)  Language has little effect on patterns of race or gender inequality. 
B)  Language may reproduce inequalities through stereotypes and assumptions that may be built into what people say. 
C)  Studies have consistently shown that what someone is called really doesn't matter since identity is developed internally by the individual. 
D)  While language affects patterns of race and gender inequality, there is no indication that it influences patterns of class inequality.

Question 10

Define cultural capital; give two examples from today's society.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define cultural capital; give two examples from...

Question 11

The average person spends about _____ hours per day on some form of media (smartphone, tablet, television, radio, and other devices) .

Accepted Answer

A)  5 
B)  7 
C)  9 
D)  11

Question 12

Explain the reflection hypothesis. Discuss two observations from today's society that are consistent with it and two that are inconsistent.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the reflection hypothesis. Discuss two observations...

Question 13

Violations of mores carry heavier sanctions than violations of folkways.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

People frequently question the practices of their own culture.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following statements is false regarding ethnocentrism?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ethnocentrism may be a strong force for group solidarity. 
B)  Only Americans are ethnocentric. 
C)  Ethnocentrism discourages intergroup understanding. 
D)  One's own culture is taken for granted, so it may be difficult to understand other people's culture.

Question 16

Sanctions are always based on punishment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Conflict theorists argue that the media are most likely to produce programs and products that support the values and interests of the most powerful groups in society.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Culture includes ways of thinking as well as patterns of behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Through ethnomethodological research, sociologists have learned all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  most of the time, specific sanctions are not necessary to achieve conformity. 
B)  society exists because people behave as if there is no other way to do so. 
C)  when norms are violated, their existence becomes apparent. 
D)  social norms are less important among children than adults.

Question 20

Describe sanctions and how they function. Explain how proceeding "as if" often makes sanctions unnecessary.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe sanctions and how they function. Explain...

Exam 2: Culture

List and discuss the four elements of culture presented in the text. Describe the functioning of each in your own life.

Although earlier immigrants to the United States were predominantly from Europe, today most new immigrants come to the United States from

The concept of cultural hegemony implies that culture is highly _____ since those in control of cultural institutions can control people's awareness by creating cultural beliefs that make the rule of those in power seem inevitable and right.

The difference between subcultures and countercultures is that

Individuals who sexually assault children are often severely sanctioned. Such severe sanctions are a result of their having broken a

Which statement about characters in programs on the major U.S. television networks is the most accurate?

Sociologists define beliefs as

Define what is meant by material and nonmaterial culture. Give two examples of each.

How does language influence patterns of social inequality?

Define cultural capital; give two examples from today's society.

The average person spends about _____ hours per day on some form of media (smartphone, tablet, television, radio, and other devices) .

Explain the reflection hypothesis. Discuss two observations from today's society that are consistent with it and two that are inconsistent.

Violations of mores carry heavier sanctions than violations of folkways.

People frequently question the practices of their own culture.

Which of the following statements is false regarding ethnocentrism?

Sanctions are always based on punishment.

Conflict theorists argue that the media are most likely to produce programs and products that support the values and interests of the most powerful groups in society.

Culture includes ways of thinking as well as patterns of behavior.

Through ethnomethodological research, sociologists have learned all of the following except

Describe sanctions and how they function. Explain how proceeding "as if" often makes sanctions unnecessary.