Question 1

The _______________ removes gastric secretions in order to prevent vomiting or aspiration.

Accepted Answer

NG suction

Question 2

_______________ is the actual decrease in pH within the body to

Accepted Answer

Acidemia

Question 3

_______________ is the ion that moves in the opposite direction of HCO₃^-.

Accepted Answer

Chloride (Cl-)

Question 4

Which of the following is a ketoacid that is produced during the metabolism in the body?

Accepted Answer

A)   lactic acid
B)   carbonic acid
C)   acetic acid
D)   hydroxybutyric acid
E)   ethanoic acid

Question 5

What does the anion gap measure?

Accepted Answer

A)   the total quantity of anions
B)   the difference between unmeasured anions and cations
C)   the ratio of different anions
D)   the effect of anions on the blood
E)   the effect of anions on the kidneys

Question 6

Diabetic ketoacidosis results in metabolic acidosis due to both increased production of and the inability to metabolize:

Accepted Answer

A)   ketones
B)   lactates
C)   bicarbonates
D)   water
E)   ammonia

Question 7

An example of alkalosis without fluid imbalance would include primary or secondary _______________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An example of alkalosis without fluid imbalance...

Question 8

Identify the amino acid that is converted to ammonia in the renal tubular cells of the kidney.

Accepted Answer

A)   methionine
B)   cysteine
C)   alanine
D)   glutamine
E)   valine

Question 9

Explain the pH scale.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the pH scale....

Question 10

In human physiology, which two groups of acids are most important?

Accepted Answer

A)   acidic and alkaline
B)   gastric and intestinal
C)   volatile and nonvolatile
D)   reactive and nonreactive
E)   digestive and enzymatic

Question 11

breathing difficulties. He is diagnosed with pneumonia. He has a history of congestive heart failure, osteoarthritis, hypertension, gout, and coronary artery disease.

Height: 5'9" Weight: 220 pounds

LABS: Normal Values Arterial BGs: Normal values

Na = 133 mEq/L (135–147) mEq/L pH = 7.9 (7.35–7.45)

Cl = 103 mEq/L (95–107) mEq/L pCO2 = 30 mmHg (35–45) mmHg

K = 4.1 mEq/L (3.5–5.2) mEq/L pO2 = 96 mmHg (70–100) mmHg

Glucose = 207 mmol/L (up to 140) mmol/L HCO3 = 26 mEq/L (19–25) mEq/L

BUN = 25 mmol/L (7–20) mmol/L

Creatinine = 1.5 mmol/L (0.5–1.4) mmol/L

Albumin 3.2 mmol/L (3.2–5) mmol/L

Cholesterol = 320 mmol/L (< 200) mmol/L

Mr. X is likely to have -Mr. X is a 56-year-old male admitted to a hospital for shortness of breath and which acid–base disorder?

Accepted Answer

A)   mildly elevated creatinine
B)   mildly low sodium
C)   borderline low albumin
D)   high blood pH
E)   borderline high potassium

Question 12

Pickwickian syndrome is characterized by:

Accepted Answer

A)   morbid obesity, breathing problems, and myasthenia gravis
B)   morbid obesity, breathing problems, and respiratory alkalosis
C)   liver disease, blood circulation problems, and respiratory acidosis
D)   kidney disease, blood circulation problems, and respiratory alkalosis
E)   anorexia nervosa, breathing problems, and respiratory alkalosis

Question 13

Discuss the effect of acid and base shifts on electrolyte balance.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss the effect of acid and base...

Question 14

The _______________ role in controlling both H⁺and HCO₃^-is a critical component for the maintenance of pH homeostasis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The _______________ role in controlling both H⁺and...

Question 15

Describe the clinical manifestations of respiratory acidosis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the clinical manifestations of respiratory acidosis....

Question 16

breathing difficulties. He is diagnosed with pneumonia. He has a history of congestive heart failure, osteoarthritis, hypertension, gout, and coronary artery disease.   Height: 5&#0039;9&#0034;   Weight: 220 pounds   LABS:                                 Normal Values                            Arterial BGs:                          Normal values Na = 133 mEq/L                   (135&ndash;147) mEq/L                         pH = 7.9                              (7.35&ndash;7.45) Cl = 103 mEq/L                    (95&ndash;107) mEq/L                           pCO2 = 30 mmHg                (35&ndash;45) mmHg K = 4.1 mEq/L                      (3.5&ndash;5.2) mEq/L                           pO2 = 96 mmHg                   (70&ndash;100) mmHg Glucose = 207 mmol/L         (up to 140) mmol/L                      HCO3 = 26 mEq/L               (19&ndash;25) mEq/L BUN = 25 mmol/L                (7&ndash;20) mmol/L Creatinine = 1.5 mmol/L       (0.5&ndash;1.4) mmol/L Albumin 3.2 mmol/L             (3.2&ndash;5) mmol/L Cholesterol = 320 mmol/L     (< 200) mmol/L   
-Mr. X is a 56-year-old male admitted to a hospital for shortness of breath and breathing difficulties. He is diagnosed with pneumonia. He has a history of congestive heart failure, osteoarthritis, hypertension, gout, and coronary artery disease.
Height: 5'9"   Weight: 220 pounds

What treatment would be the most effective for his acid-base disorder?

Accepted Answer

A)   treat pneumonia and lose weight
B)   control blood pressure and reduce blood cholesterol
C)   anti-inflammatories for osteoarthritis and lose weight
D)   insulin therapy and control blood pressure
E)   manage heart condition and reduce blood cholesterol

Question 17

The _______________ represents the difference between unmeasured anions and cations.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The _______________ represents the difference between unmeasured...

Question 18

When assessing acid-base balance, the _______________ response is determined first but an investigation of the _______________ response or compensation as well allows for a complete assessment.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When assessing acid-base balance, the _______________ response...

Question 19

Buffers are present in all body fluids-both extracellular and intracellular.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Prolonged vomiting is likely to lead to what type of acid-base imbalance?

Accepted Answer

A)   respiratory alkalosis
B)   respiratory acidosis
C)   metabolic alkalosis
D)   metabolic acidosis
E)   physical acidosis

Exam 8: Acid Base Balance

The _______________ removes gastric secretions in order to prevent vomiting or aspiration.

_______________ is the actual decrease in pH within the body to

_______________ is the ion that moves in the opposite direction of HCO₃^-.

Which of the following is a ketoacid that is produced during the metabolism in the body?

What does the anion gap measure?

Diabetic ketoacidosis results in metabolic acidosis due to both increased production of and the inability to metabolize:

An example of alkalosis without fluid imbalance would include primary or secondary _______________.

Identify the amino acid that is converted to ammonia in the renal tubular cells of the kidney.

Explain the pH scale.

In human physiology, which two groups of acids are most important?

Pickwickian syndrome is characterized by:

Discuss the effect of acid and base shifts on electrolyte balance.

The _______________ role in controlling both H⁺and HCO₃^-is a critical component for the maintenance of pH homeostasis.

Describe the clinical manifestations of respiratory acidosis.

The _______________ represents the difference between unmeasured anions and cations.

When assessing acid-base balance, the _ response is determined first but an investigation of the _ response or compensation as well allows for a complete assessment.

Buffers are present in all body fluids-both extracellular and intracellular.

Prolonged vomiting is likely to lead to what type of acid-base imbalance?

Exam 8: Acid Base Balance

The _______________ removes gastric secretions in order to prevent vomiting or aspiration.

_______________ is the actual decrease in pH within the body to

_______________ is the ion that moves in the opposite direction of HCO3-.

Which of the following is a ketoacid that is produced during the metabolism in the body?

What does the anion gap measure?

Diabetic ketoacidosis results in metabolic acidosis due to both increased production of and the inability to metabolize:

An example of alkalosis without fluid imbalance would include primary or secondary _______________.

Identify the amino acid that is converted to ammonia in the renal tubular cells of the kidney.

Explain the pH scale.

In human physiology, which two groups of acids are most important?

Pickwickian syndrome is characterized by:

Discuss the effect of acid and base shifts on electrolyte balance.

The _______________ role in controlling both H+and HCO3-is a critical component for the maintenance of pH homeostasis.

Describe the clinical manifestations of respiratory acidosis.

The _______________ represents the difference between unmeasured anions and cations.

When assessing acid-base balance, the _______________ response is determined first but an investigation of the _______________ response or compensation as well allows for a complete assessment.

Buffers are present in all body fluids-both extracellular and intracellular.

Prolonged vomiting is likely to lead to what type of acid-base imbalance?

_______________ is the ion that moves in the opposite direction of HCO₃^-.

The _______________ role in controlling both H⁺and HCO₃^-is a critical component for the maintenance of pH homeostasis.

When assessing acid-base balance, the _ response is determined first but an investigation of the _ response or compensation as well allows for a complete assessment.