Question 1

Who first noted variability in people's taste by providing evidence that different cultures enhance beauty in very different ways?

Accepted Answer

A)  Aristotle 
B)  Charles Darwin 
C)  Judith Anderson 
D)  Plato

Question 2

Consider Buss's (1989) study in which he examined what people from 37 different cultures around the world prefer in a romantic partner. Which of the following statements about the results of this study is accurate ?

Accepted Answer

A)  In most countries, men rated physical attractiveness to be more important than women did, while women rated good financial prospects as more important than men did. 
B)  Before the age of 30, men tended to report having more sexual partners than did women, but that difference disappeared among older participants. 
C)  Women rated kindness, dependability, and sense of humor as more important than men did. 
D)  The type of culture-individualist or collectivist-in which people lived impacted their ratings of what made a potential partner attractive.

Question 3

Lindsay is a freshman at college and has her first serious boyfriend there. Her parents can't stand him. According to the theory of psychological reactance, what should her parents do to discourage the relationship?

Accepted Answer

A)  Explain to Lindsay in calm, rational terms why this man is a poor fit for her. 
B)  Subtly put him down in conversations to Lindsay to avoid direct confrontation. 
C)  Never invite him to their home for a visit. 
D)  Say very little about him one way or the other to Lindsay.

Question 4

What is not a reason for why we seem to be attracted to averaged faces?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are prototypically face-like. 
B)  They are symmetrical. 
C)  They look unusual. 
D)  They seem more familiar to us.

Question 5

Which of the following best reflects the benefits and cost of being attractive?

Accepted Answer

A)  While attractiveness often brings a social advantage to attractive individuals, it can cause them to doubt the sincerity of others' praise for their work. 
B)  While attractiveness often brings heightened self-esteem to attractive individuals, it can lead them to doubt others' praise of their attractiveness. 
C)  While attractiveness often brings greater popularity to attractive individuals, it can increase mental health difficulties. 
D)  While attractiveness often brings lifetime happiness to attractive individuals, it can put pressure on them to maintain their appearance.

Question 6

Brandon likes Brianna, but Brandon doesn't like Autumn. The relationship among these three individuals would be balanced if

Accepted Answer

A)  Brianna likes Autumn. 
B)  Brianna doesn't like Autumn. 
C)  Autumn likes Brandon. 
D)  Autumn likes Brianna.

Question 7

Using MRI, Tsukiura and Capeza (2011) found biological evidence for the

Accepted Answer

A)  mere exposure effect. 
B)  what-is-beautiful-is-good stereotype. 
C)  social exchange theory. 
D)  matching hypothesis.

Question 8

According to Murstein, physical appearance sparkles attraction during the _____ stage.

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulus 
B)  value 
C)  role 
D)  norm

Question 9

Though they had all been together on the transcontinental flight for three hours, the passengers didn't start to talk to one another until the plane ran into some serious turbulence. This behavior is best explained by the

Accepted Answer

A)  tendency for external threat to increase affiliation. 
B)  matching hypothesis. 
C)  proximity effect. 
D)  evolutionary perspective on the sociostat.

Question 10

Compare and contrast passionate and companionate love.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast passionate and companionate love....

Question 11

Two groups of college students are on a boat together travelling from Greece to Italy. For the first six hours of the trip, the students did not associate with each other. When the ship hits a severe storm and the captain orders everyone to take precautions, the students begin to talk to each other and bond. This is most consistent with the proposal of

Accepted Answer

A)  Waldman. 
B)  Zimbardo. 
C)  Rofé. 
D)  Howard.

Question 12

Alexis promised her boyfriend Marcus that she would pick up his shirts from the drycleaners, but she neglected to do so because she was distracted by work obligations. When he gets home and sees that he has no clean shirts, he thinks, "she really just doesn't care about my needs at all. I'm so sick of this." Marcus is using ____ attributions to explain why Alexis did not pick up his shirts.

Accepted Answer

A)  relationship-threatening 
B)  situational 
C)  distancing 
D)  distress-maintaining

Question 13

Rita, a student, enjoys spending time with her friends and classmates. She can establish friendships very quickly and has a strong desire to maintain social contact with others. Rita has

Accepted Answer

A)  a low need to belong. 
B)  severe social anxiety. 
C)  a high need for affiliation. 
D)  a broken social thermostat.

Question 14

Pinel and colleagues (2006) refer to "I-sharing" as an important form of similarity whereby individuals share

Accepted Answer

A)  a subjective experience. 
B)  a level of physical attractiveness. 
C)  political ideologies. 
D)  technological expertise.

Question 15

When Kulik and others (1994) gave people who were about to soak their hand in ice water a choice about who to wait with prior to the painful task, they found that the participants preferred to wait

Accepted Answer

A)  with someone who had already done the task. 
B)  with someone who was about to complete the task. 
C)  with someone who did not have to do the task. 
D)  alone.

Question 16

Research on the affairs of our economic and social world has showed that _____ is a force to be reckoned with from childhood through adulthood.

Accepted Answer

A)  physical strength 
B)  physical beauty 
C)  intelligence 
D)  kindness

Question 17

Snyder and colleagues (1977) ran a study in which mixed-gender pairs had a phone conversation. Male participants were given either an attractive or unattractive photo of their conversation partner. Which of the following statements about the study findings is false ?

Accepted Answer

A)  Men were friendlier toward the partners who they believed to be attractive. 
B)  The outcome of the conversation was more influenced by the women's actual level of attractiveness than by how attractive the men believed the women to be. 
C)  Men formed more positive impressions of the personality of women who they believed to be attractive. 
D)  Women talking with men who believed they were attractive were actually warmer and more confident during the conversation.

Question 18

According to research by Moreland and Beach (1992), who will you be most attracted to?

Accepted Answer

A)  A mysterious stranger who comes to your social psychology class one time 
B)  A person who you have never seen before, but who physically resembles you 
C)  A person who came to your social psychology class five times throughout the semester 
D)  A person who came to your social psychology class 15 times throughout the semester

Question 19

One vital factor that influences a person's ability to cope with a divorce is the ____ of the relationship, or the extent to which the line between one's self and their partner becomes blurred so that "mine" and "yours" becomes the same thing.

Accepted Answer

A)  interdependence 
B)  closeness 
C)  diversity 
D)  homogeneity

Question 20

In relationships, the mutual exchange between what we give and what we receive is called

Accepted Answer

A)  reciprocity. 
B)  dissimilar avoidance. 
C)  symmetry. 
D)  excitation transfer.

Exam 9: Attraction and Close Relationships