Question 1

Concluding that a person drinks too much because he\she is an alcoholic is an example of _____ reasoning.

Accepted Answer

A) logical 
B) circular 
C) inductive 
D) deductive

Question 2

Charlene is 12, and her elderly aunt has come for a visit. The aunt is using the spare bed in Charlene's room. Several times during the night, the aunt awakens briefly and then falls back to sleep. Charlene doesn't awaken at all during the night. This difference in sleep patterns can BEST be explained by research that shows

Accepted Answer

A) during adulthood, the proportion of REM sleep gradually increases. 
B) during adulthood, the proportion of slow-wave sleep increases significantly. 
C) the elderly are more affected by jet lag and shifts in their circadian rhythm. 
D) during adulthood, the proportion of slow-wave sleep gradually declines.

Question 3

Danielle had a dream in which she was playing rummy with an elephant wearing suspenders. The next instant, the elephant had changed into one of her grade-school teachers and they were watching a purple sunset over a red ocean. According to the activation-synthesis model of dreaming, the sudden bizarre changes in settings that took place in Danielle's dream represent ​

Accepted Answer

A) an interpretation of random neuron activity in lower brain centers. 
B) the manifest content of the dream. ​ 
C) the latent content of the dream. ​ 
D) an attempt to work through problems she is currently experiencing in her life. ​

Question 4

Last night it took Peter about 40 minutes to get to asleep. According to research on how long it takes people to fall asleep, this is

Accepted Answer

A) average. 
B) longer than average. 
C) shorter than average. 
D) extremely rare.

Question 5

According to Freud, the actual plot of a dream is the _____ content of the dream.

Accepted Answer

A) latent 
B) symbolic 
C) subliminal 
D) manifest

Question 6

Which of the following drugs is LEAST likely to result in a fatal overdose?

Accepted Answer

A) LSD 
B) Heroin 
C) Cocaine 
D) Morphine

Question 7

Kara has just fallen asleep and immediately slips into REM. Kara has probably experienced or undergone ​

Accepted Answer

A) selective REM deprivation. 
B) alcohol overdose. ​ 
C) NREM rebound. ​ 
D) biofeedback training. ​

Question 8

Dr. Everett is observing Robert in a sleep lab. Dr. Everett intends to wake Robert up each time he begins REM sleep. Based on the electroencephalograph (EEG) recordings, Robert should be awakened each time the EEG shows ​

Accepted Answer

A) alpha-wave activity. 
B) low-voltage, high-frequency beta waves. ​ 
C) the presence of sleep spindles. ​ 
D) theta-wave activity. ​

Question 9

What appears to be responsible for regulating the circadian rhythm? ​

Accepted Answer

A) Amount of time spent sleeping 
B) Amount of time spent awake ​ 
C) Cultural practices ​ 
D) Exposure to light ​

Question 10

Dr. Montgomery has developed a new drug that blocks the reuptake of dopamine and norepinephrine. This drug will likely

Accepted Answer

A) function as a sedative. 
B) have stimulant effects in the body. 
C) produce hallucinogenic effects. 
D) act as an effective pain killer.

Question 11

Studies have shown that sleep loss

Accepted Answer

A) is actually healthier than oversleeping. 
B) is quite accurately reported by research subjects. 
C) is common among people on restrictive diets. 
D) can lead to increased calorie intake.

Question 12

Pick two sleep disorders, and briefly discuss the symptoms for each disorder.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Pick two sleep disorders, and briefly discuss...

Question 13

Evidence from numerous studies on its effectiveness indicates that

Accepted Answer

A) melatonin consistently reduces the effects of jet lag. 
B) melatonin consistently enhances the effects of jet lag by resynchronizing the biological clock in the wrong direction. 
C) melatonin can be used to reduce jet lag if the dose is given at the right time. 
D) melatonin can be used to reduce jet lag if the right dose is taken.

Question 14

REM sleep behavior disorder is MOST likely caused by

Accepted Answer

A) brainstem deterioration. 
B) caffeine consumption. 
C) a viral disease. 
D) damage to the occipital lobe.

Question 15

Describe the effects of partial and selective sleep deprivation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the effects of partial and selective...

Question 16

The dissociation theory of hypnosis states that while hypnotized, a person's consciousness is divided between two streams of consciousness: one is in communication with the external world and the other is the ​

Accepted Answer

A) role-playing partner. 
B) visible monitor. ​ 
C) overt observer. ​ 
D) hidden observer. ​

Question 17

Signals sent from the suprachiasmatic nucleus to the pineal gland have been implicated in ​

Accepted Answer

A) inducing sleep. 
B) causing one to dream. ​ 
C) alpha rhythm generation. ​ 
D) adjusting one's biological clock. ​

Question 18

The 24-hour biological cycles found in humans and many other species are known as _____ rhythms.

Accepted Answer

A) circadian 
B) slow-wave 
C) REM 
D) subcortical

Question 19

Which of the following appears to be the sequence of events associated with resetting one's biological clock? ​

Accepted Answer

A) The hypothalamus signals the thalamus, which in turn sends signals to the medial forebrain bundle. 
B) The thalamus signals the optic chiasm, which in turn causes a release of the hormone philoxin, which activates the renal gland. ​ 
C) The suprachiasmatic nucleus signals the pineal gland, which in turn secretes the hormone melatonin. ​ 
D) The superior colliculus signals the thalamus, which stimulates Broca's area. ​

Question 20

Which of the following statements about dreams is MOST accurate? ​

Accepted Answer

A) Only about 75% of all people dream. 
B) The reason we do not remember our dreams is that the content of the dream is repressed. ​ 
C) People cannot remember their dreams because of too much time passing between when they dreamed and when they try to recall the dream. ​ 
D) Most dreams people can remember deal with sexually oriented topics. ​

Exam 5: Variations in Consciousness