Question 1

Wyatt uses a nonprescription drug on a regular basis. Some of the short-term side effects he experiences are mood swings, depression, and poor mental functioning. Wyatt is MOST likely using

Accepted Answer

A) LSD. 
B) marijuana. 
C) alcohol. 
D) cocaine.

Question 2

Victoria is listening to a lecture in a hot lecture hall late on a Friday afternoon. She starts to feel drowsy and then falls into a light sleep. If her brain-wave patterns were being monitored, they would show a shift from

Accepted Answer

A) alpha waves to beta waves and finally to delta waves. 
B) theta waves to beta waves and finally to alpha waves. 
C) beta waves to alpha waves and finally to theta waves. 
D) beta waves to theta waves and finally to alpha waves.

Question 3

Alicia is taking a prescription drug to help treat her narcolepsy. When she takes the drug, she feels extremely restless, irritable, and paranoid. Alicia's physician has likely prescribed a

Accepted Answer

A) sedative. 
B) stimulant. 
C) narcotic. 
D) hallucinogen.

Question 4

Twyla insists she never dreams; she is convinced of this because she has never recalled a single dream. If Twyla were tested in a sleep  lab, she would likely

Accepted Answer

A) experience REM sleep, but she would only report a dream if she was awakened from slow-wave sleep. 
B) experience REM sleep, and she would report a dream if she was awakened from REM sleep. 
C) wake each time she entered REM sleep and show no evidence of completing a full cycle of REM sleep. 
D) experience REM sleep, but she would not report any dreams if she was awakened from REM sleep.

Question 5

A person typically has _____ sleep cycles during the course of a night's sleep.

Accepted Answer

A) one 
B) two 
C) four 
D) six

Question 6

The idea that dreams are the cortex's attempt to make sense out of bursts of general firing from lower brain centers is the core of

Accepted Answer

A) the wish fulfillment theory of dreaming. 
B) the activation-synthesis theory of dreaming. 
C) the problem-solving theory of dreaming. 
D) no current theory of dreaming.

Question 7

_____ is the hormone that plays a key role in adjusting people's biological clocks.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _____ is the hormone that plays a...

Question 8

Kayla's core body temperature has risen 1.5 degrees in the last half hour. This change in body temperature means that Kayla MOST likely

Accepted Answer

A) has just fallen asleep. 
B) will fall asleep in the next 60 minutes. 
C) has just woken up. 
D) has been meditating for the past 30 minutes.

Question 9

Research suggests that depriving oneself of adequate sleep is associated with all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) increased problem-solving skills. 
B) consuming foods with more calories . 
C) reduced motor coordination . 
D) increased risk of auto accidents.

Question 10

For the past month, Mitchell has had difficulty falling asleep at night. Even though he goes to bed at his usual time, he lays awake for several hours before he finally drifts off to sleep. As a result, Mitchell has only been getting 5 to 6 hours of sleep, instead of the 8 hours he is used to. Mitchell is likely to find that his lack of sleep leads to

Accepted Answer

A) enhanced ability  to solve complex problems. 
B) impaired attention. 
C) hallucinations and general disorientation. 
D) night terrors when he actually does fall asleep.

Question 11

The idea that one's consciousness continually changes, fluctuates, and wanders characterizes William James's concept that consciousness is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) incomplete picture puzzle. 
B) partially submerged iceberg. 
C) stream. 
D) flower garden.

Question 12

Brad is undergoing hypnosis to quit smoking. The hypnotist will most likely make use of

Accepted Answer

A) posthypnotic suggestions. 
B) disinhibition. 
C) hallucinations. 
D) anesthesia .

Question 13

Siesta cultures are found mostly in

Accepted Answer

A) tropical regions of the world. 
B) European countries. 
C) North America. 
D) Australia and New Zealand.

Question 14

In which culture would people be held responsible for their dream actions? (For example, an erotic dream about someone could be seen as an adulterous act.)

Accepted Answer

A) Marakesh of Morocco 
B) Aborigines of Australia ​ 
C) Arapesh of New Guinea ​ 
D) Parintinin of Brazil ​

Question 15

Differences between a REM dream and a non-REM dream include

Accepted Answer

A) non-REM dreams are more vivid, visual, and story-like. 
B) dreamers tend to remember their non-REM dreams more frequently and clearly. 
C) REM dreams are more emotional, dramatic, and rich in characters. 
D) non-REM dreams don't exist.

Question 16

For the past week, Laura has had difficulty falling asleep at night. Even though she goes to bed at her usual time, she lays awake for several hours before she finally drifts off to sleep. It appears that Laura is experiencing ​

Accepted Answer

A) narcolepsy. 
B) sleep apnea. ​ 
C) insomnia. ​ 
D) night terrors. ​

Question 17

Compare and contrast the role-playing and altered state views of hypnosis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast the role-playing and altered...

Question 18

A drug that depresses central nervous system activity is referred to as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) hallucinogen. 
B) sedative. 
C) narcotic. 
D) amphetamine.

Question 19

Hypnosis owes its beginnings to the work of which of the following? ​

Accepted Answer

A) Sigmund Freud 
B) Franz Anton Mesmer ​ 
C) Ernest Hilgard ​ 
D) Harry Houdini ​

Question 20

The midday napping practices of "siesta cultures" are adaptive because the siesta allows individuals ​

Accepted Answer

A) a necessary break from their extremely physical labor. 
B) to sleep at the same time as their young infants. ​ 
C) time to digest their large midday meal. ​ 
D) to avoid working during the hottest part of the day. ​

Exam 5: Variations in Consciousness