Question 1

The main difference in medical nutrition therapy between Stage 3 CKD and Stage 5 CKD is:

Accepted Answer

A)  the amount of sodium allowed.
B)  the amount of protein.
C)  the servings of CHO.
D)  Ca recommendations. B

Question 2

The basic principles of dialysis involve all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A)  diffusion of particles from areas of high concentration to low concentration.
B)  osmosis of water moving to where solutes are more concentrated.
C)  ultrafiltration, which utilizes the semipermeable membrane.
D)  electrolyte movement from the ICF to the ECF. D

Question 3

Which of the following foods is not a high-P food?

Accepted Answer

A)  broth
B)  cocoa
C)  cheese
D)  liver A

Question 4

The latest guidelines published about CKD are from which organization?

Accepted Answer

A)  NKF K/DOQI
B)  ADA
C)  NIH
D)  CDC

Question 5

If a patient with renal disease shows depleted vitamin D levels, which function of the kidneys is affected?

Accepted Answer

A)  excretory
B)  production of hormones
C)  pH homeostasis
D)  filtering

Question 6

KL is a 45 yo M admitted to the hospital with an infection.He is on PD secondary to congenital disease of the kidney.
HT: 6'         WT: 170#
-KL has visited the dietitian Which of the following is true about his diet?

Accepted Answer

A)  he has less of a potassium restriction than he would on HD
B)  his phosphorus is unrestricted
C)  his fluid intake must be output + 1000 cc
D)  he needs to limit protein of high biological value

Question 7

Case Study 
             HR is a 65 yo F with CKD Stage 4 secondary to DM. Her doctor is preparing to put her on dialysis.               HT: 5’6”           WT: 165#              Diet hx:        B- 3 pancakes with syrup       D- steak, fries                      1 c orange juice       lettuce/cucumbers with French dressing                             1 cup ginger ale                      L- ham and cheese with lettuce                             1 cup grape juice       S- chocolate cake or cookies                      S- apple       ½ c whole milk      
-Which of the above foods is contributing the most phosphorus?

Accepted Answer

A)  orange juice
B)  pancakes
C)  steak
D)  milk

Question 8

Case Study 
             HR is a 65 yo F with CKD Stage 4 secondary to DM. Her doctor is preparing to put her on dialysis.               HT: 5’6”           WT: 165#              Diet hx:        B- 3 pancakes with syrup       D- steak, fries                      1 c orange juice       lettuce/cucumbers with French dressing                             1 cup ginger ale                      L- ham and cheese with lettuce                             1 cup grape juice       S- chocolate cake or cookies                      S- apple       ½ c whole milk      
-Based on the National Kidney Foundation guidelines, how would you estimate HR's calorie needs?

Accepted Answer

A)  20-25 kcal/kg
B)  25-30 kcal/kg
C)  30-35 kcal/kg
D)  15-20 kcal/kg

Question 9

Match between columns
                        Premises: ureterorenoscopy
CRRT
arteriovenous graft
peritoneal dialysis
dialysate
percutaneous nephrolithotomy
dialysis
ESWL
hemodialysis
peritonitis

Accepted Answer

The Answer of type of renal replacement therapy used to is...

Question 10

Proteinuria is caused by:

Accepted Answer

A)  exogenous dietary protein beyond that required.
B)  permeability of the glomerular membrane.
C)  excess secretion by the loop of Henle.
D)  PEM.

Question 11

Of the following foods, which is the lowest in potassium?

Accepted Answer

A)  bananas
B)  tomatoes
C)  prunes
D)  grapes

Question 12

KL is a 45 yo M admitted to the hospital with an infection.He is on PD secondary to congenital disease of the kidney.
HT: 6'         WT: 170#
-How many kcalories does KL require?

Accepted Answer

A)  2700 kcal
B)  1931kcal
C)  2160 kcal
D)  1800 kcal

Question 13

Case Study 
             HR is a 65 yo F with CKD Stage 4 secondary to DM. Her doctor is preparing to put her on dialysis.               HT: 5’6”           WT: 165#              Diet hx:        B- 3 pancakes with syrup       D- steak, fries                      1 c orange juice       lettuce/cucumbers with French dressing                             1 cup ginger ale                      L- ham and cheese with lettuce                             1 cup grape juice       S- chocolate cake or cookies                      S- apple       ½ c whole milk      
-If her doctor starts her on HD, how much protein would she need each day?

Accepted Answer

A)  0.60-0.75 g/kg
B)  0.60-0.75 g/kg.
C)  1.2 g/kg.
D)  1.2-1.3 g/kg.

Question 14

Patients on PD (peritoneal dialysis) require

Accepted Answer

A)  low-protein diets.
B)  K restrictions.
C)  high-kcalorie diets.
D)  phosphate binders.

Question 15

As kidney function declines, serum creatinine will:

Accepted Answer

A)  decrease.
B)  increase.
C)  stay the same.

Question 16

KL is a 45 yo M admitted to the hospital with an infection.He is on PD secondary to congenital disease of the kidney.
HT: 6'         WT: 170#
-Which of the following true about KL?

Accepted Answer

A)  he goes to a dialysis center three times per week
B)  his caloric intake will have to be adjusted to account for calories in dialysate
C)  he will have to wait 6 weeks for the fistula to mature
D)  he is not a candidate for a kidney transplant

Question 17

Anemia is a common complication of CKD because of:

Accepted Answer

A)  deficiency of B vitamins.
B)  decreased EPO.
C)  azotemia.
D)  proteinuria.

Question 18

In order to maintain the extracellular environment:

Accepted Answer

A)  the nephron absorbs waste products of metabolism.
B)  the nephron adjusts urinary excretion of water and electrolytes to maintain balance.
C)  the distal tubule secretes Na and Ca.
D)  glucose is absorbed in the collecting ducts.

Question 19

Match between columns
                        Premises: efferent
hypercalciuria
hyperoxaluria
oliguria
azotemia
nPNA
hematuria
anasarca
intravenous pyelogram
tubules
bone resorption
glomerulus
GFR
proteinuria
nephron
ultrafiltrate
afferent

Accepted Answer

The Answer of the presence of blood in the urine is...

Question 20

KL is a 45 yo M admitted to the hospital with an infection.He is on PD secondary to congenital disease of the kidney.
HT: 6'         WT: 170#
-How many grams of protein does KL require?

Accepted Answer

A)  87 g
B)  93 g
C)  46 g
D)  62 g

Exam 18: Diseases of the Renal System