Question 1

If the TLC equals 4.8 L at sea level,what would it equal at a depth of 66 feet?

Accepted Answer

A)   1.8 L
B)   2 L
C)   3 L
D)   4.8 L A

Question 2

What is the leading cause of death by poisoning in the USA?

Accepted Answer

A)   carbon monoxide poisoning
B)   botulism food poisoning
C)   salmonella food poisoning
D)   arsenic posioning A

Question 3

At what point in a breath hold deep dive would the CO₂-O₂ paradox occur?

Accepted Answer

A)   CO₂ paradox occurs on descent, O₂ paradox occurs on ascent.
B)   O₂ paradox occurs on descent, CO₂ paradox occurs on ascent
C)   both occur during descent
D)   both occur during ascent A

Question 4

What effect does FIO₂ 1.0 at 1 atm have on the half-life of COʜb?

Accepted Answer

A)   reduces half-life to less than 1 hour
B)   reduces half -life to 2.5 hours
C)   reduces half-life to 7.5 hours
D)   reduces hal-life to 10 hours

Question 5

Which of the following occur during the mammalian diving reflex during a breath hold deep dive?
I.Tachycardia
II.Decreased cardiac output
III.Lactic acid acuumulation
IV.Peripheral vasoconstriction

Accepted Answer

A)   II, II, and IV only
B)   I, II, III, and IV
C)   I, II and III only
D)   II and IV only

Question 6

Which of the following are clinical indications for hyperbaric oxygenation?
I.Acute traumatic ischemia
II.Thermal burns
III.Clostridial infections
IV.Carbon monoxide poisoning

Accepted Answer

A)   I, II, III, and IV
B)   IV only
C)   I, II, and IV only
D)   I, III, and IV only

Question 7

Which of the following influence the volume of dissolved gas that moves into a diver's tissues during a deep dive?
I.Solubility of the gas in the tissues
II.The partial pressure of the gas
III.The hydrostatic pressure in the tissue

Accepted Answer

A)   I, II, and III
B)   I and II only
C)   II only
D)   III only

Question 8

What is another name for the coughing and chest pain that is associated with decompression sickness?

Accepted Answer

A)   the chokes (pulmonary decompression sickness) 
B)   the bends
C)   squeezes
D)   barotrauma

Question 9

How many feet below the water's surface must a diver reach to be subjected to a total pressure of 4 atmospheres?

Accepted Answer

A)   99 feet
B)   66 feet
C)   33 feet
D)   132 feet

Question 10

What was the world record time established in 2008 for the longest breath hold?

Accepted Answer

A)   17 minutes +
B)   14 minutes +
C)   10 minutes+
D)   8 minutes+

Question 11

What is the first line of defense against hypoxia during deep dives?

Accepted Answer

A)   mammalian diving reflex
B)   pre-dive voluntary hyperventilation
C)   rapid ascent
D)   rapid descent

Question 12

Which of the following can occur with decompression sickness?
I.Joint pain
II.Chest Pain and Coughing
III.Paresthesia and Paralysis
IV.Circulatory Failure

Accepted Answer

A)   I, II, III, and IV
B)   I only
C)   I, II, and IV
D)   I and IV only

Question 13

What is the general term for the administration of gases at increased ambient pressures via a compression chamber?

Accepted Answer

A)   hyperbaric medicine
B)   bariatric medicine
C)   positive pressure medicine
D)   hypobaric medicine

Question 14

Which of the following are clinical goals of hyperbaric oxygen in the treatment of decompression sickness?
I.Reduction in bubble size
II.Acceleration of bubble resolution
III.Maintaining tissue oxygenation

Accepted Answer

A)   I, II, and III
B)   I and III only
C)   III only
D)   II and III only

Question 15

How might hyperventilation prior to a breath hold dive allow the diver to extend the duration of the dive?

Accepted Answer

A)   reduces CO₂ stores and extends time before breaking point is reached
B)   decreases the CO₂ and O₂ stores and extends time before breaking point is reached
C)   decreases the pH and CO₂ stores and extends time before the breaking point is reached
D)   reduces CO₂ and O₂ stores and lowers the pH to extend time before the breaking point is reached

Question 16

What is the half life of COʜb on FIO₂ 0.21 at 1 atm?

Accepted Answer

A)   5 hours
B)   10 hours
C)   15 hours
D)   20 hours

Question 17

Which gas law can be used to calculate the changes in gas volumes and pressures applied to diving?

Accepted Answer

A)   Boyle's
B)   Henry's
C)   Charles'
D)   Dalton's

Question 18

What is the term for an abnormal collection of air in the abdominal cavity?

Accepted Answer

A)   pneumoperitoneum
B)   pneumomediastinum
C)   pneumothorax
D)   pneumopericardium

Question 19

If the TLC is 6.6 L at sea level,what would it equal at a depth of 33 feet under water?

Accepted Answer

A)   3.3 L
B)   2.2 L
C)   1.1 L
D)   4.4 L

Question 20

Which clinical condition is most commonly associated with too rapid of an ascent from a deep dive?

Accepted Answer

A)   decompression sickness
B)   pneumothorax
C)   pleural effusion
D)   pulmonary edema

Exam 20: High Pressure Environments and Their Effects on the Cardiopulmonary System