Question 1

What medication times should the nurse use in writing out a schedule for taking antiretroviral medication three times a day?

Accepted Answer

A)  8 AM - 2 PM - 8 PM 
B)  8AM - 4PM - 12 AM 
C)  8AM - 5PM - 1 AM 
D)  Be given with meals

Question 2

Why are snacks high in potassium,such as bananas and apricot nectar,recommended?

Accepted Answer

A)  Electrolytes are lost through diaphoresis. 
B)  Sodium is lost through frequent diarrhea. 
C)  Potassium will support weight gain. 
D)  Potassium helps fight infection.

Question 3

An organism that can cross from an animal species to humans is a(n)____________organism.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An organism that can cross from an...

Question 4

A male patient is advised to receive HIV antibody testing because of his multiple sexual partners and injectable drug use.What should the nurse inform the patient to ensure understanding?

Accepted Answer

A)  The blood is tested with the highly sensitive test called the Western blot. 
B)  The blood is tested with an ELISA;if positive,it is tested again with an ELISA,followed by a Western blot if the second ELISA is positive. 
C)  A series of HIV tests is performed to confirm if the patient has AIDS. 
D)  If the HIV tests are seronegative,the patient can be assured that he is not infected.

Question 5

Which of the following is a CDC criterion for the progression of HIV infection to AIDS?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increase in viral load 
B)  Decreased ratio of CD8 to CD4 
C)  Increase in white blood cells 
D)  Increased reactivity to skin tests

Question 6

A 21-year-old male who has been an IV heroin user has been experiencing fever,weight loss,and diarrhea and has been diagnosed as having AIDS.At this time,he has a low-grade fever,severe diarrhea,and a productive cough.He is admitted with Pneumocystis jiroveci.What should the nurse do when caring for the patient?

Accepted Answer

A)  Use a gown,mask,and gloves when assisting the patient with his bath 
B)  Wear a gown when assisting the patient to use the bedpan 
C)  Use a gown,mask,and gloves to administer oral medications 
D)  Use a mask when taking the patient's temperature

Question 7

The depressed patient with AIDS says,"I don't understand why I am going to be getting doses of testosterone.What good will that do me now?" What should the nurse keep in mind about testosterone when responding?

Accepted Answer

A)  It can lower viral load 
B)  It can lighten depression 
C)  It can increase lean body mass 
D)  It can increase appetite

Question 8

What should the nurse emphasize when counseling an anxious HIV-positive mother about the care of her HIV-positive infant?

Accepted Answer

A)  The baby will develop AIDS and refer her to a local AIDS support group.The baby will remain HIV-positive for the rest of its life. 
B)  Although infants of HIV-infected mothers may test positive for HIV antibodies,not all infants are infected with the virus. 
C)  She has not yet developed AIDS,and that it is possible the baby will not develop AIDS for many years. 
D)  If the infant is started on zidovudine (AZT)within the first month after delivery,AIDS can be prevented.

Question 9

The HIV patient asks the nurse about what to expect in terms of disease progression.The nurse tells this patient that although the disease can vary greatly among individuals,the usual pattern of progression includes:

Accepted Answer

A)  viremia,clinical latency,opportunistic diseases,and death. 
B)  asymptomatic phase,clinical latency,ARC,and AIDS. 
C)  acute retroviral syndrome,early infection,early symptomatic disease,and AIDS. 
D)  transitional viral syndrome,inactive disease,early symptomatic infection,and opportunistic diseases.

Question 10

Which foods would a nurse recommend for a person with debilitating diarrhea as a result of HIV infection? (Select all that apply. )

Accepted Answer

A)  Bananas 
B)  Ensure 
C)  Fresh broccoli 
D)  Cooked fruits and vegetables 
E)  Red meat
F) Apricot nectar

Question 11

When assigned to a newly admitted patient with AIDS,the nurse says,"I'm pregnant.It is not safe for me or my baby if I am assigned to his case." Which is the most appropriate response by the charge nurse?

Accepted Answer

A)  "This patient would not be a risk for your baby if you use standard precautions and avoid direct contact with blood or body fluids." 
B)  "You should ask for a transfer to another unit because contact with this patient would put you and your baby at risk for AIDS." 
C)  "Wear a mask,gown,and gloves every time you go into his room and use disposable trays,plates,and utensils to serve his meals." 
D)  "We should recommend that this patient be transferred to an isolation unit."

Question 12

The historical progress of the HIV infection began to be tracked in 1979.Arrange the historical events in sequence of their discovery.(Separate letters by a comma and space as follows: A,B,C,D)
A) Infection in heterosexual men and women
B) Infection in hemophiliacs
C) Infection in injection drug users
D) Increased incidence of Kaposi carcinoma in young homosexual men
E) Increased incidence of Pneumocystis jiroveci (previously PCP)

Accepted Answer

The answer of The historical progress of the HIV infection...

Question 13

The home health nurse designing a teaching plan for a person with HIV disease that would support weight gain would include information pertaining to (Select all that apply. )

Accepted Answer

A)  Limit fluid intake 
B)  Eating high-protein/high-calorie diet 
C)  Drinking nutritional supplements (Boost,Sustacal,etc. ) 
D)  Eating several small meals during the day 
E)  Providing referrals to dietitians
F) Resistance weight training

Question 14

To be diagnosed as having AIDS,the patient must be HIV-positive,have a compromised immune system without known immune system disease or recent organ transplant,and present with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Opportunistic infection 
B)  A positive ELISA or Western blot test 
C)  Weight loss,fever,and generalized lymphedema 
D)  CD4+ lymphocyte count less than 200 mm3

Question 15

The anxious male patient is fearful that he has been exposed to a person with an HIV infection.He states he does not want to go to a laboratory for the ELISA tests because he does not want to be identified.What would be the nurse's most helpful response?

Accepted Answer

A)  "There really is not an option,you will need to get the Western blot test first." 
B)  "There is an FDA-approved home test called OraQuick." 
C)  "The rapid test Reveal can identify all the HIV strains." 
D)  "You can be tested anonymously for ELISA.If you are seronegative,your concerns are over."

Question 16

A young gay patient being treated for his third sexually transmitted disease does not see why he should use condoms,because "they don't work." Which is the most appropriate response?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Condoms may not provide 100% protection,but when used correctly and consistently with every act of sexual intercourse they reduce your risk of getting infected with HIV or other sexually transmitted diseases." 
B)  "You are correct.Condoms don't always work,so your best protection is to limit your number of partners." 
C)  "Condoms do not provide 100% protection,so you should always discuss with your sexual partners their HIV status or ask if they have any STD." 
D)  "Condoms do not provide 100% protection,but when used with a spermicide you can be assured of complete protection against HIV and other STDs."

Question 17

______________ is a type of sexual option classified as "no risk" for a person to become infected with the HIV virus.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ______________ is a type of sexual option...

Exam 16: Care of the Patient with HIV/AIDS