Question 1

What happens when there is a decrease in the oxygen level in the blood?

Accepted Answer

A)   Pituitary stimulates the respiratory system to increase respiratory rate
B)   The alveoli diffuse more oxygen into the blood
C)   Chemoreceptors in the carotid body and aortic body stimulate the respiratory centers to modify respiratory rates
D)   The parietal pleura increases the negative pressure C

Question 2

What are age-related changes in the older adult that make them at risk for respiratory diseases? (Select all that apply. )

Accepted Answer

A)   Moist mucous membranes
B)   Kyphosis
C)   Decrease in pulmonary blood flow
D)   Stasis pooling of secretions
E)   Reduced number of cilia B,C,D,E

Question 3

Which independent nursing measures are effective in aiding a patient to expectorate? (Select all that apply. )

Accepted Answer

A)   Positioning in orthopneic position
B)   Suctioning
C)   Assisting to cough
D)   Providing hydration
E)   Starting IV fluidsF)  Starting mucolytic agents A,B,C,D

Question 4

How does pursed lip breathing assist patients with asthma during an attack?

Accepted Answer

A)   It distracts the patient with breathing technique to reduce anxiety.
B)   It gets rid of CO₂ faster.
C)   It opens bronchioles by backflow air pressure.
D)   It increases PACO₂..

Question 5

The patient with long-term emphysema is admitted with a secondary diagnosis of cor pulmonale.What should the nurse anticipate?

Accepted Answer

A)   The patient will present with edema of the lower extremities and extended neck veins due to hypertension of the pulmonary circulation.
B)   The patient will present with a dry hacking cough and chest pain due to constriction of the pulmonary vein.
C)   The patient will present with hypertension and a headache related to pulmonary hypertension.
D)   The patient will present with unlabored respiration and cyanosis around the mouth.

Question 6

What should the nurse do to keep the chest tubes from becoming occluded?

Accepted Answer

A)   Irrigate tubes as needed
B)   Prevent dependent loops
C)   Loop the tube over the bed rail
D)   "Milk" the tube frequently

Question 7

Which instruction by the nurse is inappropriate for teaching the proper technique for collection of a sputum specimen?

Accepted Answer

A)   Bring the sputum up from the lungs
B)   Rinse mouth with water before expectorating in specimen cup
C)   Collect specimens after meals
D)   Send specimen to the lab without delay

Question 8

Identify the purposes of chest drainage.(Select all that apply. )

Accepted Answer

A)   Drains air,blood,and fluid from pleural space
B)   Restores positive pressure in chest cavity
C)   Restores negative intrapleural pressure
D)   Allows lung to collapse and rest
E)   Allows route for medication administration

Question 9

A patient,age 69,has emphysema.On assessment,the nurse notes the presence of a "barrel chest." What does this pathology result from?

Accepted Answer

A)   An increase in the lateromedial area from hypertrophy of mucous glands in the bronchi
B)   An increased anteroposterior diameter caused by overinflation of the alveoli
C)   A decrease in anteroposterior diameter caused by chronic dilation of the bronchi
D)   A widening of the sternocostal area secondary to chronic constriction of smooth muscles in the airways leading to bronchospasms

Question 10

The young man who had a bronchoscopy 1 hour ago asks when he can eat.Which response would be most helpful?

Accepted Answer

A)   In 24 hours,but must take cold liquids for the rest of the day
B)   If there is no blood in his sputum
C)   In 8 hours after a period of nothing by mouth
D)   When the gag reflex returns

Question 11

The patient has advanced emphysema and complains of dyspnea and fatigue.What would the most appropriate nursing intervention be for the nursing diagnosis of Activity intolerance related to an imbalance between the oxygen supply and demand?

Accepted Answer

A)   Direct patient in vigorous independent ROM.
B)   Allow to exercise until respirations are over 20 breaths/min over baseline.
C)   Plan care to provide optimum rest.
D)   Provide frequent cool showers.

Question 12

What is a major advantage of video assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS)?

Accepted Answer

A)   The surgeon can record entire surgical procedure on a video.
B)   The surgeon can remove tumors of the lung through a small keyhole incision.
C)   The surgeon can x-ray and excise tumor in the same procedure.
D)   The surgeon can avoid the use of a closed chest drainage system after surgery.

Question 13

The _________ are the structures of the lung in which gas exchange occurs.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The _________ are the structures of the...

Question 14

The older adult patient with long-term emphysema complains of a sharp pleuritic pain after a severe period of coughing.The patient's heart rate and respiratory rate have increased.Auscultation reveals no breath sounds on the left side.These are signs and symptoms of what condition?

Accepted Answer

A)   Pulmonary embolus
B)   Spontaneous pneumothorax
C)   Early signs of unilateral pneumonia
D)   An attack of asthma

Question 15

The nurse assessing an 11-year-old who is having an asthma attack expects to hear adventitious sounds of:

Accepted Answer

A)   friction rub.
B)   sibilant wheezes.
C)   crackles.
D)   sonorous wheezes.

Question 16

A nursing diagnosis for the patient with a new laryngectomy would be Social isolation related to impaired verbal communication related to removal of the larynx.What is an appropriate nursing intervention?

Accepted Answer

A)   Complete care quickly
B)   Provide a pad and pencil or magic slate
C)   Refrain from conversations with the patient to reduce stress level
D)   Offer books or jigsaw puzzles for entertainment

Question 17

How should a patient be positioned after a thoracentesis is completed and the dressing applied?

Accepted Answer

A)   High Fowler
B)   Semi-Fowler
C)   Side lying on unaffected side
D)   Prone

Question 18

The nurse caring for a patient who has a closed chest drainage system notes that there is fluctuation (tidaling)in the water seal chamber.What is the most appropriate nursing action based on this assessment?

Accepted Answer

A)   Document the tidaling
B)   Elevate the head of the bed and notify charge nurse of malfunction of drainage system
C)   Add more sterile water to the water seal chamber
D)   Turn patient to the affected side

Question 19

What is inspiratory capacity?

Accepted Answer

A)   The amount of air in the lung after a maximal inhalation
B)   The amount of air moved with each normal inhalation and expiration
C)   The amount of air that can be inhaled in one breath from the resting expiratory level
D)   The amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after maximum inhalation

Question 20

How will the kidneys behave in respiratory acidosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Retain bicarbonate to increase the pH
B)   Excrete more urine to reduce potassium
C)   Concentrate the urine to conserve circulating fluid in the blood stream
D)   Lower the pH by excretion of bicarbonate

Exam 9: Care of the Patient with a Respiratory Disorder