Question 1

In a study researchers sent 5,000 fictitious résumés, identical except for the names, to companies advertising in Chicago and Boston. Applicants with black-sounding names were 50 percent less likely to be called for an interview than those with white-sounding names. This unfair treatment is called

Accepted Answer

A) prejudice. 
B) discrimination. 
C) realistic conflict theory. 
D) social identity theory. 
E) affirmative action.

Question 2

Susan always takes the same route to work and drives by a particularly unusual apartment building each day on her way to and from work. Initially, she doesn't think much of the structure and actually has a mild dislike for it, but after several months of her commute, she has noticed that she is actually starting to like the apartment building and is considering trying to rent an apartment there. This change in Susan's feelings about the building best demonstrates

Accepted Answer

A) the social comparison effect 
B) the affiliation exchange effect 
C) the mere exposure effect 
D) the penetration effect

Question 3

People may want to be positively judged by the company they keep and people may make positive assumptions about the other traits that are presumably associated with it. These are two possible reasons why _________________ has/have a positive impact on attraction.

Accepted Answer

A) strong morals 
B) proximity 
C) physical beauty 
D) sexuality

Question 4

You behave in the same way as a certain professor does because you believe the professor has accurate knowledge and is doing the "right" thing. Your action best represents the phenomenon of

Accepted Answer

A) social facilitation 
B) normative social influence 
C) social comparison 
D) informational social influence

Question 5

Studies have revealed that identical twins are ___________ similar in their aggressive behaviours than fraternal twins are, __________ when the identical twins are raised in different homes with presumably different environments.

Accepted Answer

A) more; except 
B) more; even 
C) less; except 
D) less; even

Question 6

Which of the following characteristics would be the least likely to enhance the persuasiveness of a communicator?

Accepted Answer

A) Having a communicator who is physically attractive 
B) Having a communicator who conveys a very strong viewpoint 
C) Having a communicator who is likeable 
D) Having a communicator who is perceived as being similar to you

Question 7

Your best friend Beth has just signed up to several dating sites in order to find a date. She is moderate in attractiveness and is 30 years old. All things being equal, she is likely to choose

Accepted Answer

A) Bill who is very attractive 
B) Paulo who is less attractive than she is. 
C) George who is 19 years old, and very attractive 
D) Randy who is about the same in attractiveness as she is 
E) Juan who likes very different things than she does

Question 8

Let's say that you are very good at playing video games. So while playing in the mall one afternoon, you attract a large crowd to watch you. According to Zajonc's dominant response theory of social facilitation, you will

Accepted Answer

A) perform better 
B) perform worse 
C) perform at your usual level 
D) find that you can change people's attitudes towards video games 
E) alter your sequence of dominant responses to include an audience

Question 9

Before Dr. Smith's receptionist led a new patient into his dental office she told him that the little girl was not very bright. Armed with this information, Dr. Smith did not pay much attention when the little girl asked him questions about the examination after he had finished. He didn't really believe she would understand his explanations. Dr. Smith had ________________ of less intelligent people.

Accepted Answer

A) a self-fulfilling prophecy 
B) a recency belief 
C) a stereotype 
D) a behavioural perspective

Question 10

According to social exchange theory, what factors influence whether a relationship will deepen, be satisfying, and continue?

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to social exchange theory, what factors...

Question 11

Suppose you were designing an obedience study and wanted to reduce or lower the obedience rates found by Milgram. Which of the following would most likely generate the results you want?

Accepted Answer

A) Have an authority figure who is perceived to be legitimate 
B) Have the participants feel fully responsible for the victim's welfare 
C) Place the victims in a separate room where the participant can't see them 
D) Recruit participants with a military background

Question 12

Research indicates that in an emergency, a female bystander is more likely to help a man than a woman.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

According to Sorrentino and colleagues at the University of Western Ontario, if you are trying to persuade someone regarding an issue that is personally relevant to that person and that person has a certainty-oriented approach to new information, you would probably be more successful by

Accepted Answer

A) having that person think carefully about your arguments 
B) presenting your arguments in a compelling and unbiased manner 
C) appearing to be an attractive speaker and an expert on that issue 
D) presenting your arguments in a persuasive and biased manner

Question 14

You are presenting an argument in favour of using solar power to group that does not really believe in global warming. Another individual will argue against the use of solar power. Research on attitude change suggests that in order for you to be most effective, it would be best for you to

Accepted Answer

A) present only your arguments in favour of using solar power 
B) present your opponent's arguments so that she cannot use them 
C) try to evoke a lot of fear regarding global warming 
D) present the most extreme argument that you can 
E) present both sides of the issue, but refute your opponent's arguments

Question 15

Whom are we most likely to help? How might the belief in a just world inhibit us from helping?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Whom are we most likely to help?...

Question 16

In the Solomon Asch research paradigm, all of the following factors serve to decrease a person's conformity, EXCEPT the ________.

Accepted Answer

A) presence of one dissenter 
B) group size 
C) fact that the person is from an individualistic culture 
D) fact that the person is from a collectivistic culture

Question 17

As Liz and Joel start spending an increasing amount of time together playing pool, taking dance lessons, and surfing, they are also sharing an increasing number of their personal thoughts and feelings with each other. Their satisfaction for their relationship will continue to deepen if

Accepted Answer

A) there is sexual intimacy 
B) the relationship exceeds their respective comparison levels 
C) there are no other alternative romantic relationships for either of them 
D) there is enough self-disclosure

Question 18

Anne has been practicing her new ballet moves all week. She wants to earn a role in the local ballet company's latest show. Although she has learned the moves very well, she is still making mistakes the night before the audition. According to the social facilitation phenomenon, at the audition, in front of an audience, Anne will

Accepted Answer

A) make the same number of mistakes as when she practiced 
B) perform the ballet moves correctly 
C) become distracted by the audience and create new moves at the audition 
D) make more mistakes than she usually did at home practicing

Question 19

A psychologist is discussing altruism and claims that the ability to put ourselves in the place of another and to share what that person is feeling is essential for altruism to occur. This explanation is most consistent with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) The empathy-altruism hypothesis 
B) The norm of social responsibility 
C) Reciprocal altruism 
D) The principle of perspective taking

Question 20

One of the main situational factors that has an impact on people's need for affiliation is

Accepted Answer

A) curiosity 
B) positive incentives 
C) social comparison 
D) fear

Exam 13: Behaviour in a Social Context