Question 1

Which of the following is a brief psychodynamic therapy that has been shown through extensive research to be effective in treating depressive disorders, social phobias, personality disorders, eating disorders, and substance abuse disorders?

Accepted Answer

A)  rational-emotive behavioral therapy (REBT) 
B)  interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) 
C)  extensive therapy 
D)  Gestalt psychotherapy

Question 2

Sarento's fear of flying is treated by exposing him to a three-dimensional, computer-generated "world" in which he can experience walking onto a plane, being seated, and taking off.This computerized environment that responds to a viewer's head movements and other inputs is part of a behavioral therapy known as

Accepted Answer

A)  EMDR. 
B)  virtual reality exposure. 
C)  covert sensitization. 
D)  aversive conditioning.

Question 3

John attends Alcoholics Anonymous meetings.These sessions

Accepted Answer

A)  do not fit the guidelines to be considered a group therapy. 
B)  will be less effective than individual therapy for his disorder. 
C)  will have group members with similar problems who can offer support and useful input. 
D)  are characterized by all of these statements.

Question 4

Nonreward and time out are typically used to bring about the

Accepted Answer

A)  extinction of maladaptive responses. 
B)  aversive conditioning of undesirable behaviors. 
C)  positive reinforcement of target behaviors. 
D)  negative reinforcement of specific behaviors.

Question 5

Psychologists using which type of therapy assume that if people have learned responses that cause problems, they can relearn more appropriate responses?

Accepted Answer

A)  psychoanalysis 
B)  applied behavior analysis 
C)  client-centered therapy 
D)  existential therapy

Question 6

Sigmund Freud developed the first true psychotherapy, which he called​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​logotherapy. 
B)  ​psychoanalysis. 
C)  ​client-centered therapy. 
D)  ​transactional analysis.

Question 7

Penelope's therapist rephrases, summarizes, and repeats the thoughts and feelings that Penelope has just expressed, acting much like a psychological "mirror" so that Penelope can see herself more clearly.Penelope's therapist is exhibiting

Accepted Answer

A)  vicarious desensitization. 
B)  reflection. 
C)  transference. 
D)  free association.

Question 8

Who is credited with developing the first true psychotherapy a little more than 100 years ago to treat what he called cases of hysteria?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sigmund Freud 
B)  Fritz Perls 
C)  Hans Eysenck 
D)  Victor Frankl

Question 9

Which of the following has been shown by research to have the greatest impact on whether therapy succeeds?

Accepted Answer

A)  the amount of emotional catharsis that takes place 
B)  the strength of the therapeutic alliance 
C)  whether an explanation or rationale is found for the client's suffering 
D)  whether the client is given a chance to practice new behaviors in a real-life setting

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT an operant conditioning procedure used in behavior modification?

Accepted Answer

A)  extinction 
B)  aversion 
C)  shaping 
D)  time out

Question 11

If you seek counseling from a cognitive behavior therapist, you would expect him or her to

Accepted Answer

A)  provide aversive conditioning to produce bad habits. 
B)  provide a non-threatening setting for the expression of unconscious thoughts. 
C)  help you to change inappropriate patterns of thought. 
D)  overcome fixations that occurred at earlier stages of development.

Question 12

In some studies, depressed patients who had not benefited from drug therapy and ECT improved when a specific brain region was stimulated using

Accepted Answer

A)  EMDR. 
B)  logotherapy. 
C)  DBS. 
D)  systematic desensitization.

Question 13

Regarding the talk-oriented therapies, traditional psychoanalysis and the humanistic therapies are considered to be

Accepted Answer

A)  action therapies. 
B)  insight therapies. 
C)  directive therapies. 
D)  nondirective therapies.

Question 14

In Raul's dream, he flew out the window of his car and up into the clouds.Raul's therapist interprets this dream to mean that Raul is feeling a strong need to be free "as a bird" rather than being tied down by his family and work responsibilities.This therapist's interpretation of Raul's dream is revealing which type of dream content?

Accepted Answer

A)  NREM 
B)  lucid 
C)  manifest 
D)  latent

Question 15

In psychoanalysis, an emotional attachment to the therapist that symbolically represents other important relationships in the patient's life is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  resistance. 
B)  transference. 
C)  identification. 
D)  empathy.

Question 16

The basic counseling skill of accepting the person's frame of reference involves all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  trying to understand the person's viewpoint. 
B)  not imposing your opinions on the person seeking help. 
C)  examining the person's problem through your own experiences. 
D)  recognizing that there is no one "correct" perspective.

Question 17

Regarding how therapies are conducted, the basic aspects described in your textbook include whether the psychotherapy is

Accepted Answer

A)  ​open-ended versus time-limited. 
B)  ​chronic versus acute. 
C)  logical versus intuitive. 
D)  ​reflective versus confrontational.

Question 18

In systematic desensitization, a person

Accepted Answer

A)  constructs a hierarchy, is taught exercises that produce deep relaxation, and then tries to perform the least disturbing item on the list. 
B)  is taught exercises that produce deep relaxation and then is exposed to the highest fear-producing stimulus. 
C)  attempts to discover the reasons why she or he is fearful of particular stimuli and then to face these fears one by one. 
D)  is exposed to response-contingent shocks whenever he or she tries to engage in a bad habit, such as smoking or drinking alcohol.

Question 19

Your friend is talking to you about a problem he is having with his parents, and he seems to be at a loss for words.You should

Accepted Answer

A)  ask specific closed questions to keep the conversation going. 
B)  restate or paraphrase your friend's last sentence. 
C)  try to guess at what your friend is trying to say and finish his thought for him. 
D)  assume that he now wants you to give him your opinion.

Question 20

Free association, dream analysis, analysis of resistance, and analysis of transference are aspects of which psychotherapy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gestalt psychotherapy 
B)  psychoanalysis 
C)  existential therapy 
D)  rational-emotive behavioral therapy

Exam 15: Therapies.