Question 1

In which sleep disorder does the person stop breathing in his or her sleep for 20 seconds or more until the person wakes a little, gulps air, and settles back to sleep with this cycle being repeated hundreds of times a night?

Accepted Answer

A)  sleep apnea 
B)  narcolepsy 
C)  somnambulism 
D)  insomnia

Question 2

Regarding the approaches used to quit smoking, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nicotine patches or nicotine gum and medications, such as bupropion, can help people get through the withdrawal period. 
B)  The "cold turkey" approach is still considered the most effective approach in producing permanent nonsmokers. 
C)  In recent years, e-cigarettes have become popular as a way to simulate smoking either with or without delivering any nicotine. 
D)  The gradual approach to quitting smoking allows the smoker to not feel like a "failure" if they smoke one cigarette.

Question 3

A recently divorced woman kept dreaming that she was being swallowed by a giant wave.After awakening, the woman rehearsed in her mind swimming against the wave.She then went back to sleep and was able to swim against the wave in this dream.In so doing, the nightmare lost its terror.More important, her revised dream made her feel that she could cope with life again.This woman was using which of the following to solve a personal problem?

Accepted Answer

A)  sane hallucinations 
B)  displacement 
C)  condensation 
D)  lucid dreaming

Question 4

Morphine and codeine would be considered

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulants. 
B)  narcotics. 
C)  hallucinogens. 
D)  benzodiazepine tranquilizers.

Question 5

You have gotten into bed, and your muscles begin to relax when you "jump" in this light sleep and awaken.You have most likely experienced

Accepted Answer

A)  cataplexy. 
B)  a hypnogogic image episode. 
C)  somnambulism. 
D)  a hypnic jerk.

Question 6

Regarding alcohol, which of the following statements is/are TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alcohol is classified as a stimulant drug. 
B)  Alcohol reduces inhibitions and produces feelings of relaxation and euphoria. 
C)  Alcohol is an aphrodisiac and improves sexual performance. 
D)  All of these statements are true.

Question 7

Because drugs like pain killers, sleep aids, and antidepressants are easy to abuse, themost powerful psychoactive drugs are

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulants. 
B)  depressants. 
C)  controlled substances. 
D)  hallucinogens.

Question 8

Bill has been a heavy alcohol user for a number of years.When he decides to quit "cold turkey," he experiences violent flu-like symptoms of nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, chills, sweating, and cramps.Bill is experiencing

Accepted Answer

A)  drug tolerance. 
B)  drug psychosis. 
C)  a psychological dependence. 
D)  withdrawal symptoms.

Question 9

The injection of a combination of heroin and cocaine is called speedballing and is a type of​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​polydrug abuse. 
B)  ​situational abuse. 
C)  ​regressive drug abuse. 
D)  ​instrumental bingeing.

Question 10

Regarding addictive drugs, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Some psychologists define addiction as anyany repetitively compulsive pattern. 
B)  A psychological dependence on a drug is much less powerful than a physical addiction to a drug. 
C)  Drugs most likely to lead to physical dependence are alcohol, amphetamines, barbiturates, cocaine, codeine, heroin, methadone, morphine, and nicotine. 
D)  The use of most drugs can result in a psychological dependence.

Question 11

Freud considered the distinction between manifest content and latent content essential for

Accepted Answer

A)  developing a healthy personality. 
B)  understanding dreams. 
C)  the development of the id, ego, and superego. 
D)  reaching self-actualization.

Question 12

According to Hobson and McCarley, dreams are more primitive and more bizarre than daytime thoughts because

Accepted Answer

A)  dreaming provides an outlet for repressed thoughts and unfulfilled wishes. 
B)  the frontal areas of the cortex, which control higher mental abilities, are mostly shut down during REM sleep. 
C)  the id part of the personality is expressed more strongly during sleep. 
D)  of lucid dreaming.

Question 13

A teenager angry with his parents might dream of accidentally wrecking their car instead of directly attacking them.According to Freud, this could be an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  condensation. 
B)  displacement. 
C)  compensation. 
D)  secondary elaboration.

Question 14

Narcotics addicts are often treated with which drug that reduces the narcotics "rush," making it much easier to go through withdrawal?

Accepted Answer

A)  methadone 
B)  mescaline 
C)  GHB 
D)  MDMA

Question 15

Drugs that tend to suppress dreaming by interfering with REM sleep include

Accepted Answer

A)  alcohol. 
B)  cocaine. 
C)  marijuana. 
D)  all of these.

Question 16

Concentrative meditation is more difficult to attain than mindfulness meditation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Several men are chanting rhythmically while sitting in darkness inside a small chamber heated by coals, and they will periodically throw the door open and allow cooling night breezes to rush in.These men are taking part in a ritual of the Sioux Indians known as the __________ ceremony.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Several men are chanting rhythmically while sitting...

Question 18

The most legitimate medical uses of amphetamines include which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  to treat depression 
B)  to treat childhood hyperactivity and overdose of depressant drugs 
C)  to help people stay awake and to improve mental or physical performance 
D)  for weight loss

Question 19

Which of the following drugs can result in a psychological dependence, but has NOT been shown to be physically addicting?

Accepted Answer

A)  MDMA 
B)  nicotine 
C)  alcohol 
D)  methadone

Question 20

A behavioral problem that is characterized by an inability to focus, restless movement, impulsive behavior, and impaired learning capacity and which is often treated with an amphetamine, such as Adderall, is

Accepted Answer

A)  ​attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADH
D) . 
B)  ​autism spectrum disorder. 
C)  ​childhood schizophrenia. 
D)  ​bipolar affective disorder

Exam 5: States of Consciousness.