Question 1

The Stanford prison study illustrates that people

Accepted Answer

A)  are innately violent unless constrained by society.
B)  behave in accord with their roles in a situation.
C)  will obey orders even when they violate their principles.
D)  placed in all-male groups will create dominance hierarchies. B

Question 2

Nonverbal communication is so powerful that people have been able to accurately determine which of the following from viewing someone's body language?

Accepted Answer

A)  religious orientation
B)  whether a jury will find a defendant guilty or innocent
C)  whether a contestant will win a talent competition.
D)  relationship status B

Question 3

In Asch's conformity study, what percentage of participants went along with an obviously incorrect response at least once?

Accepted Answer

A)  25 percent
B)  50 percent
C)  75 percent
D)  100 percent C

Question 4

According to the idea of kin selection, Hannah is most likely to behave altruistically toward her

Accepted Answer

A)  husband.
B)  brother's son.
C)  adopted daughter.
D)  stepson.

Question 5

If Dirk fails his calculus exam, he is likely to attribute his failure to

Accepted Answer

A)  not having gone to class or studied enough.
B)  his decision to go out the night before the exam.
C)  his lack of basic ability in mathematics.
D)  the exam having been too difficult to be fair.

Question 6

Which of the following statements is supported by the elaboration likelihood model of persuasion?

Accepted Answer

A)  A persuader using the central route would focus on cognitive elaboration.
B)  A persuader using the central route would focus on surface-level cues.
C)  A persuader using the peripheral route would use thoughtful arguments.
D)  A persuader using the peripheral route would be concerned about the receiver processing the message.

Question 7

Jacqueline grew up in an upper class family but believes that money and social class are not relevant to a person's worth.However, without realizing it, she spends most of her time at social events talking with others who have a similar upper class background.Jacqueline's belief in social equality is an) attitude, and her choice of people with whom to talk reflects an) attitude.

Accepted Answer

A)  implicit; explicit
B)  explicit; implicit
C)  more accessible; less accessible
D)  less accessible; more accessible

Question 8

Which of the following is a reason why people find images of average faces those created by combining various faces) more attractive than images of any one particular face?

Accepted Answer

A)  These faces have more stereotypical features.
B)  These faces have more baby-like features.
C)  These faces have more symmetric features.
D)  These faces have more dominant features.

Question 9

People are often advised not to make hasty decisions about other people.The research on thin slices of behavior would suggest that this advice is

Accepted Answer

A)  good because opinions usually change significantly with more information.
B)  good because information can be evaluated better with more time.
C)  bad because further analysis usually produces less accurate judgments.
D)  bad because accurate judgments about many characteristics can be made using little information.

Question 10

Which of the following would be rated most attractive?

Accepted Answer

A)  the image of your face averaged with 1 other face
B)  the image of your face averaged with 5 other faces
C)  the image of your face averaged with 25 other faces
D)  the image of your face averaged with 100 other faces

Question 11

The main conclusion of Milgram's studies is that

Accepted Answer

A)  ordinary people will obey authority even when they do not want to.
B)  ordinary people have an inherent violence that is easily released.
C)  ordinary people will follow immoral orders only in artificial situations.
D)  men will obey immoral orders, but women will not.

Question 12

Gottman has found that a marriage that has as many positive as negative interactions is likely to last.

Accepted Answer

A)  three times
B)  twice
C)  five times
D)  four times

Question 13

Which of the following statements is a reason why stereotypes tend to be maintained?

Accepted Answer

A)  People pay more attention to stereotype-consistent information.
B)  People remember stereotype-inconsistent information better.
C)  People have more stereotype-consistent experiences.
D)  People pay more attention to stereotype-inconsistent information.

Question 14

Lucia has just declared a major in engineering.You could predict that she will now see other engineering students as and see liberal arts students as .

Accepted Answer

A)  unique individuals; very similar to each other
B)  very similar to each other; unique individuals
C)  unique individuals; unique individuals
D)  very similar to each other; very similar to each other

Question 15

In making causal attributions, people from Eastern cultures differ from those in Western cultures in that they are

Accepted Answer

A)  less individualistic in their attributions.
B)  less holistic in their attributions.
C)  more likely to consider dispositional factors.
D)  more likely to consider situational factors.

Question 16

As Devine and colleagues have shown, stereotypes

Accepted Answer

A)  necessarily lead to discrimination.
B)  lead to prejudice, but do not always lead to discrimination.
C)  can be reduced over time.
D)  that are positive can be reduced, but those that are negative cannot.

Question 17

The primary difference between conformity, compliance, and obedience is the

Accepted Answer

A)  presence of an authority figure.
B)  threat of rejection.
C)  degree of social pressure employed.
D)  level of implicit motivation.

Question 18

Which of the following is a reason why we make attributions?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is an evolutionarily adaptive behavior.
B)  It helps us find suitable ingroup members.
C)  We are drawn to explaining threatening situations or individuals.
D)  We like to think our world is predictable.

Question 19

One neuroimaging study showed that in white participants, the amygdala is activated on exposure to pictures of black faces, producing negative responses, whereas frontal lobe activity indicating cognitive judgments activated more .

Accepted Answer

A)  slowly; slowly
B)  slowly; quickly
C)  quickly; quickly
D)  quickly; slowly

Question 20

Who would be the most persuasive spokesperson for selling a new brand of prenatal vitamins to women?

Accepted Answer

A)  an attractive male celebrity
B)  an attractive female celebrity
C)  an attractive male doctor
D)  an attractive female doctor

Exam 12: Social Psychology