Question 1

Define a sliding reinforcer and provide your own example.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define a sliding reinforcer and provide your...

Question 2

In the Liebrand and VanRun (1985)"energy conservation" experiment,participants with a ________ value orientation took the most amount of money even when the resource became badly depleted.

Accepted Answer

A)  competitive 
B)  cooperative 
C)  altruistic 
D)  individualistic

Question 3

A study by Van Lange and colleagues (1997)found that individuals with egoistic orientations tended to have more siblings than individuals with a prosocial orientation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The idea that the socially responsible thing to do is to ride your bike to work instead of driving your car is a/an

Accepted Answer

A)  injunctive norm. 
B)  descriptive norm. 
C)  social norm. 
D)  personal norm.

Question 5

The belief that escalations of international threat lead an opponent to feel more threatened and that leaders should demonstrate peaceful intentions to reduce defensive hostilities is associated with the

Accepted Answer

A)  conflict spiral view. 
B)  deterrence view. 
C)  authoritarian view. 
D)  intergroup conflict view.

Question 6

A perceptual dilemma,in which both sides believe it is best to cooperate,while both also believe that the other side would prefer that "we" cooperate while "they" exploit,is a combination of a ________ and ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  tit-for-tat strategy; social dominance 
B)  tragedy of the commons; cultural chauvinism 
C)  social dilemma; outgroup bias 
D)  public goods dilemma; authoritarianism

Question 7

The "pleasure center" of the brain is located in the

Accepted Answer

A)  cortex. 
B)  medulla oblongata. 
C)  hypothalamus. 
D)  optic nerve.

Question 8

A person with a cooperator value orientation is oriented toward bringing the group benefits,even if it means personal sacrifice.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The Alaska state government completely closed down the king crab fishing industry due to a replenishing resource management dilemma.What were the fishermen doing that caused the government to stop the fishing?

Accepted Answer

A)  They were not catching enough crabs to justify the expensive equipment. 
B)  They were overfishing the crabs to the point of extinction. 
C)  They were killing other sea life while trying to catch crabs. 
D)  Their equipment was not sophisticated enough to catch crabs safely.

Question 10

According to Kimmel's (1997)theory of levels of social awareness in intercultural exploration,an awareness and appreciation of differences between cultures that is accompanied by a feeling that one's own culture is more effective and realistic is called

Accepted Answer

A)  understanding. 
B)  cultural chauvinism. 
C)  minimization. 
D)  tolerance.

Question 11

In laboratory experiments on social dilemmas,rewards for cooperation work more effectively than punishments for non-cooperation,suggesting that ________ policies may be more effective than ________ policies.

Accepted Answer

A)  command-and-control; voluntarist 
B)  market-based; voluntarist 
C)  market-based; command-and-control 
D)  command-and-control; market-based

Question 12

What is the deterrence view of international conflict?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the deterrence view of international...

Question 13

A market-based policy regarding environmental problems is

Accepted Answer

A)  the imposition of fines or imprisonment to those who are caught damaging the environment. 
B)  a prescriptive legal regulation to punish violators. 
C)  an appeal to people's intrinsic sense of social responsibility. 
D)  an offer of rewards to those who reduce their socially harmful behaviors.

Question 14

According to Kimmel's (1997)theory of levels of social awareness in intercultural exploration,a realization that one's own way of doing things is only one of many and that others are not always abnormal in any way is called

Accepted Answer

A)  understanding. 
B)  cultural chauvinism. 
C)  minimization. 
D)  tolerance.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a method of using selfish reward-seeking tendencies to draw people out of social traps?

Accepted Answer

A)  giving delayed feedback about energy costs 
B)  offering inexpensive solar energy 
C)  selling an energy efficient and clean hybrid gas-electric car 
D)  making people pay stiff fines for littering

Question 16

What is a voluntarist approach to environmental intervention? Give an example.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is a voluntarist approach to environmental...

Question 17

According to the Deutsch (1986)study,which strategy is likely to be the LEAST successful in intergroup conflict?

Accepted Answer

A)  nonpunitive deterrence 
B)  punitive deterrence 
C)  turn the other cheek 
D)  mutually assured destruction

Question 18

You are a manager who has two "teams" of employees.They are not working well together,and it is your job to encourage cooperation.Which of the following is NOT a strategy that would help to encourage cooperation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Have one member from each team meet together and discuss a settlement. 
B)  Remind both teams that they are both working toward the same goal. 
C)  Remind the teams that they are in competition for a limited pool of money for raises. 
D)  Tell the teams that they are both part of the same company.

Question 19

In the Pratto et al (1994)study about views of the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait,which of the following was true of the opinions of U.S.college students high in social dominance orientation?

Accepted Answer

A)  They favored staying out of the conflict. 
B)  They were more willing to sacrifice personally for the war. 
C)  They favored the U.S. involvement, as long as no civil liberties were violated. 
D)  They believed the U.S. involvement should be diplomatic only.

Question 20

The tendency to respect power and rigidly cohere to society's conventions are characteristics of

Accepted Answer

A)  social dominance orientation. 
B)  low self-monitors. 
C)  authoritarians. 
D)  individualists.

Exam 13: Social Dilemmas: Cooperation versus Conflict

Define a sliding reinforcer and provide your own example.

In the Liebrand and VanRun (1985) "energy conservation" experiment,participants with a ________ value orientation took the most amount of money even when the resource became badly depleted.

A study by Van Lange and colleagues (1997)found that individuals with egoistic orientations tended to have more siblings than individuals with a prosocial orientation.

The idea that the socially responsible thing to do is to ride your bike to work instead of driving your car is a/an

The belief that escalations of international threat lead an opponent to feel more threatened and that leaders should demonstrate peaceful intentions to reduce defensive hostilities is associated with the

A perceptual dilemma,in which both sides believe it is best to cooperate,while both also believe that the other side would prefer that "we" cooperate while "they" exploit,is a combination of a and .

The "pleasure center" of the brain is located in the

A person with a cooperator value orientation is oriented toward bringing the group benefits,even if it means personal sacrifice.

The Alaska state government completely closed down the king crab fishing industry due to a replenishing resource management dilemma.What were the fishermen doing that caused the government to stop the fishing?

According to Kimmel's (1997) theory of levels of social awareness in intercultural exploration,an awareness and appreciation of differences between cultures that is accompanied by a feeling that one's own culture is more effective and realistic is called

In laboratory experiments on social dilemmas,rewards for cooperation work more effectively than punishments for non-cooperation,suggesting that policies may be more effective than policies.

What is the deterrence view of international conflict?

A market-based policy regarding environmental problems is

According to Kimmel's (1997) theory of levels of social awareness in intercultural exploration,a realization that one's own way of doing things is only one of many and that others are not always abnormal in any way is called

Which of the following is NOT a method of using selfish reward-seeking tendencies to draw people out of social traps?

What is a voluntarist approach to environmental intervention? Give an example.

According to the Deutsch (1986) study,which strategy is likely to be the LEAST successful in intergroup conflict?

You are a manager who has two "teams" of employees.They are not working well together,and it is your job to encourage cooperation.Which of the following is NOT a strategy that would help to encourage cooperation?

In the Pratto et al (1994) study about views of the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait,which of the following was true of the opinions of U.S.college students high in social dominance orientation?

The tendency to respect power and rigidly cohere to society's conventions are characteristics of