Question 1

A statistical technique where two or more recurrent events are examined for linkages is known as

Accepted Answer

A)   time-series analysis.
B)   repeated experience sampling.
C)   hierarchical multiple regression.
D)   latent growth modeling. A

Question 2

Define prosocial and egoistic value orientations,and describe the subtypes of each.

Accepted Answer

Students should define and discuss altruistic and cooperative styles as prosocial,and individualist and competitive styles as egoistic.

Question 3

Which of the following statements is TRUE about gender differences and social dominance orientation?

Accepted Answer

A)   There are no significant differences between men and women in social dominance orientation.
B)   Men must compete for mates, leading to a correlation between their social status and their reproductive success.
C)   Biology, not culture, is responsible for gender differences in social dominance orientation.
D)   Women are more selective in choosing mates, leading to higher social dominance orientation. B

Question 4

A social dilemma where members of a community overuse public areas to the point of destroying them is known as the

Accepted Answer

A)   tragedy of the commons.
B)   rancher's dilemma.
C)   prisoner's dilemma.
D)   invisible hand problem.

Question 5

Jake comes from England,an individualist culture,whereas Tia comes from the Philippines,a collectivist culture.Who is more likely to make unselfish choices in social dilemmas?

Accepted Answer

A)   Tia, because she comes from a collectivist culture
B)   Tia, because she is female
C)   Jake, because he comes from a collectivist culture
D)   Jake, because he is male

Question 6

Which of the following is FALSE about Osgood's (1962)GRIT approach to international cooperation?

Accepted Answer

A)   It emphasizes punishing defection.
B)   It begins with a peaceful initiative.
C)   One side publicly challenges the other side to match its de-escalation.
D)   The first step must be small.

Question 7

Deutsch (1986)identified three different strategies in a multi-trial game in which participants could cooperate or compete.Which of the following is NOT one of the strategies Deutsch identified?

Accepted Answer

A)   spiraling competition strategy
B)   punitive deterrent strategy
C)   nonpunitive deterrent strategy
D)   turn the other cheek strategy

Question 8

Your text used the example of driving cars in Los Angeles,in which small doses bring rewards but large doses bring punishments,as a

Accepted Answer

A)   replenishing resource management dilemma.
B)   tragedy of the commons problem.
C)   public goods dilemma.
D)   sliding reinforcer.

Question 9

Name and describe the three categories of environmental policies discussed in the book.Provide an example of each.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Name and describe the three categories of...

Question 10

A social dilemma is a situation in which an individual can profit from selfishness unless

Accepted Answer

A)   everyone chooses the selfish option, in which case everyone loses.
B)   some people choose the selfless option, in which case everyone loses.
C)   everyone chooses the selfless option, and then only some people profit.
D)   almost everyone chooses the selfish option and then everyone profits.

Question 11

The tit-for-tat strategy involves responding to cooperation with cooperation and competitiveness with competitiveness.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

What is a social dilemma? Give an example.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is a social dilemma? Give an...

Question 13

What is the conflict spiral view of international conflict?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the conflict spiral view of...

Question 14

Which of the following is TRUE about social dominance orientation?

Accepted Answer

A)   Men are more socially dominant than women across many cultures and social groups.
B)   Socially dominant individuals are less willing to sacrifice civil liberties during times of war.
C)   Women are more socially dominant than men in cultures that emphasize equality.
D)   Socially dominant individuals favor negotiation strategies to resolve international conflicts.

Question 15

Which of the following is true regarding the distribution of value orientations?

Accepted Answer

A)   There are approximately equal numbers of people who fall into each of the four categories.
B)   Half of the people are competitors; the rest are distributed equally in the other three categories.
C)   Most people are altruists.
D)   Most people are cooperators or individualists.

Question 16

Which of the following is one of the goals associated with the problem of social dilemmas?

Accepted Answer

A)   seeking accurate information
B)   defending ourselves and valued others
C)   seeking mental efficiency
D)   gaining social approval

Question 17

A community group wants to encourage people to ride their bikes to work instead of driving their cars.Which of the following programs would be a market-based policy for bike-riding?

Accepted Answer

A)   Increase the price of parking cars.
B)   Send out fliers about how important it is for the environment that people ride bikes instead of driving.
C)   Fine people $5 a day when they drive their cars.
D)   Give people a gift certificate for lunch every day they ride their bike.

Question 18

If only a few people ride snowmobiles in the wilderness,they have fun and there is little harm to the environment.If hundreds of people ride snowmobiles in the wilderness,there is extensive noise pollution as well as environmental degradation.Snowmobiles are a

Accepted Answer

A)   social trap.
B)   operant conditioning mechanism.
C)   public goods dilemma.
D)   sliding reinforcer.

Question 19

Akiko understands that if she doesn't recycle,there will be negative consequences for the environment at some point in the distant future.But she just doesn't have time to take her cans and bottles across town to the recycling plant this week,so she dumps them in the trash.Akiko is experiencing

Accepted Answer

A)   classical conditioning.
B)   tragedy of the commons.
C)   a public goods dilemma.
D)   a social trap.

Question 20

Describe what is meant by "reinforcing more desirable environmental alternatives" in the context of automobile use.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe what is meant by "reinforcing more...

Exam 13: Social Dilemmas: Cooperation versus Conflict