Question 1

Sam does not try hard at work, because he believes that promotions are completely random and that he has no control over whether he will get promoted. According to expectancy
Theory, Sam most likely has a(n) ________ locus of control.

Accepted Answer

A)  internal 
B)  external 
C)  situational 
D)  dispositional

Question 2

You just got a roommate. If you want to get the most accurate judgment of your roommate's personality, to whom should you talk?

Accepted Answer

A)  the roommate 
B)  the roommate's best friend 
C)  the roommate's classmate from last year 
D)  the roommate's acquaintance from high school

Question 3

Samantha fills out a questionnaire to assess her personality where she answers questions about her own behaviors and characteristics. Samantha is using a(n) ________ measure
Of personality.

Accepted Answer

A)  observational 
B)  projective 
C)  subjective 
D)  self-report

Question 4

Dr. Roger is a psychologist trained in the person-centered approach to therapy. Which of the following describes how Dr. Roger would treat a client?

Accepted Answer

A)  He would have his client's behaviors observed by two or more raters. 
B)  He would discuss his client's problems as the client understands them. 
C)  He would have his client take tests that measure the five-factor theory. 
D)  He would have his client take multiple projective tests to reveal unconscious conflicts.

Question 5

Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from the finding that age-related changes in personality are similar across cultures?

Accepted Answer

A)  These changes are not entirely a function of the environment. 
B)  All cultures have similar stereotyping related to aging. 
C)  These changes are mainly due to differences in environment. 
D)  Every culture has a different stereotyping related to aging.

Question 6

When Tori was asked whether she considered herself smart, she immediately answered, "Yes, of course." Tori's ability to answer this question about herself effortlessly and
Automatically suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)  she has low self-esteem and is giving a defensive answer. 
B)  her self-schema includes information about her intelligence. 
C)  her self-schema does not include information about her intelligence. 
D)  she has high self-esteem and is very narcissistic.

Question 7

Marcus is in charge of hiring someone new in his department. He is hoping to find a person who is outgoing, fun, and nonaggressive. Unfortunately, Marcus may have a hard time
Differentiating these personality traits because a job interview is an example of a(n)________ situation.

Accepted Answer

A)  strong 
B)  weak 
C)  interactional 
D)  projective

Question 8

When Bart turns four, he unconsciously begins to find his mother sexually attractive. He has an unconscious desire to kill his father, Homer, so that he does not have to share
His mother. According to Freud, Bart is experiencing the ________ complex.

Accepted Answer

A)  ego 
B)  latency 
C)  phallic 
D)  Oedipus

Question 9

Aiden scored a B on his last calculus exam. He feels pretty good about the grade because, 
in the past, the highest he had scored was a C. His reasoning shows that he is making a

Accepted Answer

A)  reflected appraisal. 
B)  temporal comparison. 
C)  self-serving bias. 
D)  downward comparison.

Question 10

Andy is an angry child whose aggressive behavior has gotten him into trouble. His parents decide to get him involved in sports to channel some of this anger into a healthier and more
Productive outlet. According to the psychodynamic theory of personality, his parents are trying
To use the defense mechanism of

Accepted Answer

A)  displacement. 
B)  repression. 
C)  reaction formation. 
D)  sublimation.

Question 11

Isabelle always believed she was a pretty calm person. Other people, however, think of her as somewhat neurotic. According to research, who would give the most accurate description
Of Isabelle's personality?

Accepted Answer

A)  Isabelle 
B)  a close friend, who she sees daily 
C)  an acquaintance, who she sees occasionally 
D)  her doctor, who knows her medical history

Question 12

Josh is not worried that his newborn baby seems easily frightened. He tells his wife, "Our baby's personality will develop later, as a pattern of learned thinking." Josh believes in
The ________ approach to personality.

Accepted Answer

A)  psychodynamic 
B)  trait 
C)  humanistic 
D)  social cognitive

Question 13

Suppose you know you can successfully get into medical school. You think, "All I have to do is figure out how other people got in, select the strategies I can use, and implement my
Plan." You appear to have a(n) ________ locus of control.

Accepted Answer

A)  internal 
B)  external 
C)  situational 
D)  dispositional

Question 14

When Pearl was in high school, she constantly worried about her relationships and her school achievements. Now that she is older, she worries about her health and the environment. This
Change in the focus of her worrying is due to

Accepted Answer

A)  a basic tendency. 
B)  temperament. 
C)  the reticular activation system. 
D)  characteristic adaptation.

Question 15

Bruno is typically shy, likes working on computers, and tends to worry about the future. Bruno's many unchanging characteristics across time and situations are referred to as his

Accepted Answer

A)  self-schema. 
B)  ego. 
C)  personality. 
D)  working self-concept.

Exam 13: Self and Personality

Sam does not try hard at work, because he believes that promotions are completely random and that he has no control over whether he will get promoted. According to expectancy Theory, Sam most likely has a(n) ________ locus of control.

You just got a roommate. If you want to get the most accurate judgment of your roommate's personality, to whom should you talk?

Samantha fills out a questionnaire to assess her personality where she answers questions about her own behaviors and characteristics. Samantha is using a(n) ________ measure Of personality.

Dr. Roger is a psychologist trained in the person-centered approach to therapy. Which of the following describes how Dr. Roger would treat a client?

Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from the finding that age-related changes in personality are similar across cultures?

When Tori was asked whether she considered herself smart, she immediately answered, "Yes, of course." Tori's ability to answer this question about herself effortlessly and Automatically suggests that

Marcus is in charge of hiring someone new in his department. He is hoping to find a person who is outgoing, fun, and nonaggressive. Unfortunately, Marcus may have a hard time Differentiating these personality traits because a job interview is an example of a(n) ________ situation.

When Bart turns four, he unconsciously begins to find his mother sexually attractive. He has an unconscious desire to kill his father, Homer, so that he does not have to share His mother. According to Freud, Bart is experiencing the ________ complex.

Aiden scored a B on his last calculus exam. He feels pretty good about the grade because, in the past, the highest he had scored was a C. His reasoning shows that he is making a

Isabelle always believed she was a pretty calm person. Other people, however, think of her as somewhat neurotic. According to research, who would give the most accurate description Of Isabelle's personality?

Josh is not worried that his newborn baby seems easily frightened. He tells his wife, "Our baby's personality will develop later, as a pattern of learned thinking." Josh believes in The ________ approach to personality.

Suppose you know you can successfully get into medical school. You think, "All I have to do is figure out how other people got in, select the strategies I can use, and implement my Plan." You appear to have a(n) ________ locus of control.

When Pearl was in high school, she constantly worried about her relationships and her school achievements. Now that she is older, she worries about her health and the environment. This Change in the focus of her worrying is due to

Bruno is typically shy, likes working on computers, and tends to worry about the future. Bruno's many unchanging characteristics across time and situations are referred to as his