Question 1

Heroin increases pleasure by ________ receptors.

Accepted Answer

A)   activating serotonin
B)   inhibiting dopamine
C)   blocking opiate
D)   binding with opiate D

Question 2

Carla just took an amphetamine, which means that her heart rate and blood pressure will

Accepted Answer

A)   fluctuate continuously.
B)   remain unchanged.
C)   increase.
D)   decrease. C

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT an example of consciousness?

Accepted Answer

A)   moment-by-moment subjective experiences
B)   paying attention to one's surroundings
C)   reflecting on one's thoughts
D)   being in a persistent vegetative state D

Question 4

Which of the following drugs is a stimulant?

Accepted Answer

A)   cocaine
B)   alcohol
C)   heroin
D)   codeine

Question 5

Esther dreams that she is swimming. Following Freud's perspective, Esther's therapist suggests that her dream represents a hidden unconscious desire for sexual intimacy. Accordingly, the therapist would most likely conclude that

Accepted Answer

A)   in the dream the images of swimming were the manifest content.
B)   in the dream the images of swimming were the latent content.
C)   random neural activity resulted in the unconscious sexual desire.
D)   random neural activity caused the images about swimming.

Question 6

Brian experiences a lot of anxiety at school and has trouble paying attention in class. Which of the following methods will most likely help Brian cope with stress and inattention?

Accepted Answer

A)   using depressants
B)   experiencing flow
C)   practicing meditation
D)   receiving hypnosis

Question 7

Your roommate says that you seem to wake up dozens of times in the night, gasping for air, but you are totally unaware of it. Based on this information, you may be experiencing

Accepted Answer

A)   narcolepsy.
B)   somnambulism.
C)   REM behavior disorder.
D)   sleep apnea.

Question 8

At what sleep stage does your breathing become more regular and your awareness of external stimulation decrease?

Accepted Answer

A)   REM
B)   stage 1
C)   stage 2
D)   slow-wave

Question 9

Odin is asleep when his neighbor starts banging on his window. Odin barely moves, and when he does finally wake up, he is confused and disoriented. Before he was awakened, Odin was most likely in ________ sleep.

Accepted Answer

A)   stage 1
B)   stage 2
C)   slow-wave
D)   REM

Question 10

REM sleep is called paradoxical sleep because the

Accepted Answer

A)   person is not really asleep.
B)   person's body is asleep, but the person's brain is active.
C)   person's brain is asleep, but the person's body is active.
D)   person has no awareness of being asleep.

Question 11

Sienna is giving an oral presentation in her political science class where she must talk to her classmates. When she is speaking during her presentation it is most likely that her ________ lobe in her ________ hemisphere is very active.

Accepted Answer

A)   temporal; right
B)   temporal; left
C)   parietal; right
D)   parietal; left

Question 12

Because of a heart condition, you decide to try transcendental meditation to improve your health. The benefit that you are most likely to experience is

Accepted Answer

A)   lowered blood pressure.
B)   greater physical strength.
C)   increased intelligence.
D)   diminished gray matter in the brain.

Question 13

Consciousness is best defined as

Accepted Answer

A)   one's subjective experiences of the external world and one's mental activity.
B)   one's ability to objectively pay attention to important information.
C)   moving from a state of sleep to a state of wakefulness.
D)   processing of sensory information without full awareness.

Question 14

Raya has been knitting for many years and can knit without much attention or effort. Jade just started learning how to knit yesterday and it takes a lot of attention and effort for her to not make a mistake. For Raya, knitting is most likely a(n) ________ process, and for Jade, knitting is most likely a(n) ________ process.

Accepted Answer

A)   automatic; controlled
B)   controlled; automatic
C)   conscious; unconscious
D)   unconscious; conscious

Question 15

As you sleep through the night, REM sleep

Accepted Answer

A)   increases relative to the other stages.
B)   decreases relative to the other stages.
C)   is more likely to involve dreaming.
D)   is less likely to involve dreaming.

Question 16

In a research study, participants were shown images with houses superimposed on faces and asked whether they saw a house or a face. When researchers looked at the participants' brain responses during this task, they found that

Accepted Answer

A)   brain activity changed depending on whether participants said they saw a house or a face.
B)   brain activity was the same, regardless of whether participants said they saw a house or a face.
C)   participants' brains emitted large, slow-wave activity equally for both images.
D)   participants' brains had activity in two regions, indicating that they saw both the house and the face.

Question 17

To be considered a hallucinogenic, a drug must

Accepted Answer

A)   alter sensation and perception.
B)   alter behavioral activity.
C)   decrease emotional activity.
D)   decrease mental activity.

Question 18

Which of the following actions does NOT typically happen during sleep?

Accepted Answer

A)   analyzing danger
B)   controlling body movements
C)   finding comfortable body positions
D)   experiencing conscious awareness

Question 19

A) Explain what happens during REM sleep.
B) Explain why this type of sleep is called paradoxical sleep.
C) Describe the type of dreams that occur during REM sleep and give an example of a REM dream.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A) Explain what happens during REM sleep.
B)...

Question 20

Some types of depressant drugs are specifically used for

Accepted Answer

A)   creating intense feelings of pleasure.
B)   increasing heart rate.
C)   increasing mental activity.
D)   relieving worry.

Exam 3: Consciousness