Question 1

Jenna plans to be an engineer. She also loves taking dance classes and makes time for them even if it means that she must skip a meal or not get much sleep. Jenna's behavior is best
Explained by

Accepted Answer

A)  a satisfaction of needs. 
B)  drive reduction. 
C)  incentives. 
D)  the pleasure principle.

Question 2

Recently, Miriam's violin instructor tells her that she has to practice three hours a day for a competition. Although Miriam usually practices more than three hours, she suddenly finds
That she enjoys playing a lot less. Self-determination theory suggests that Miriam's sudden
Loss of interest happened because

Accepted Answer

A)  she no longer feels that she is choosing to practice. 
B)  she is afraid of not doing well at the competition. 
C)  the competition is now more important than the music. 
D)  playing has become work, not pleasure.

Question 3

Which of the following can be categorized as a secondary emotion?

Accepted Answer

A)  shame 
B)  sadness 
C)  surprise 
D)  disgust

Question 4

Timo does not have many memories of his early childhood. However, one thing he remembers clearly is when he broke his favorite toy. He remembers crying for days when his parents
Would not replace it. This childhood memory may be especially clear for Timo because

Accepted Answer

A)  emotional events are more likely to be stored in long-term memory. 
B)  crying is a primary emotional response. 
C)  the hypothalamus stores emotions from childhood. 
D)  the amygdala is not activated during episodes of crying.

Question 5

From an evolutionary perspective, pleasure ________ the likelihood of survival and reproduction because it ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  increases; promotes adaptive behaviors 
B)  decreases; interferes with adaptive learning 
C)  decreases; promotes negative behaviors 
D)  increases; interferes with responses to pain

Question 6

Juan really wants to become a doctor. He continues working toward his goal, despite the fact that he has trouble with the course work and has difficulty getting admitted to college and
Paying for his education. Juan's willingness to keep working toward his goal, despite the
Challenges, is an indication that Juan has

Accepted Answer

A)  grit. 
B)  external motivation. 
C)  internal motivation. 
D)  natural talent.

Question 7

After finishing elementary school, Mia moved to a new school district for middle school. Almost none of her friends from elementary school came with her to the new school.
She feels anxious and quickly joins an after-school club. What motive may be driving
Mia's behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  egosystem goals 
B)  need to belong 
C)  reappraisal 
D)  familiarity principle

Question 8

Roland tells himself that he must love soccer because he works so hard at it. Then, Roland's coach tells him he can get a full soccer scholarship to college. Now Roland tells himself that
He is working so hard because he needs to earn a scholarship, and he enjoys soccer less.
Self-perception theory would explain Roland's behavior by saying that

Accepted Answer

A)  he no longer feels that he is choosing to practice and play. 
B)  he is afraid he will start losing games. 
C)  winning the scholarship has become the reason for playing soccer. 
D)  playing has become too much hard work.

Question 9

While studying Ekman's work on expressions of emotions, Tanino learns that the strongest cross-cultural agreement in the identification of emotions involves ________, and the
Weakest involves ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  fear and disgust; happiness 
B)  happiness and joy; fear and pain 
C)  happiness; fear and disgust 
D)  fear and pain; happiness and joy

Question 10

When asked why he wants to become a doctor, James replies, "Because I am just really fascinated by the human body, and also, I hope it makes me rich and allows me to spend a lot of free time taking care of my family."
A) Choose one of the five motivational factors discussed in the book and explain how James's answer is consistent with that theory.
B) Discuss whether James is intrinsically or extrinsically motivated. How does his answer show this?

Accepted Answer

The answer of When asked why he wants to become...

Question 11

Shyla is considering going to the Halloween dance. She thinks about how she would feel regret if she did not attend, and she thinks about how she would be happy and excited to hang
Out with her friends if she did attend, so she decides to go. This example illustrates how

Accepted Answer

A)  anticipating emotions helps us make decisions. 
B)  the affect-as-information theory works. 
C)  current moods help us make judgments. 
D)  display rules change our actions.

Question 12

Donato and Quincy are identical twins who were separated at birth. Donato tends to be fearful of many things. According to the research on genetics and negative emotions, you
Would expect Quincy to have ________ levels of fear.

Accepted Answer

A)  high 
B)  low 
C)  absent 
D)  unpredictable

Question 13

Think about a long-term goal you are trying to achieve. Then, answer the following questions about your goal, applying the information in your text about how to achieve long-term goals.
A) Describe your long-term goal.
B) Explain how you can frame or describe your goal in order to increase the likelihood of success.
C) Explain how grit can influence your ability to achieve your goal, and compare the effects of grit to natural talent.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Think about a long-term goal you are...

Question 14

Cole gets easily embarrassed in social situations. He is worried that this trait will hurt his relationships and social interactions. Following psychological theories on embarrassment, what
Should you tell him?

Accepted Answer

A)  Showing embarrassment just highlights the awkward situation and makes it worse. 
B)  Showing embarrassment helps interpersonal awkwardness and strengthens relationships. 
C)  Showing embarrassment helps close relationships but does not help casual encounters. 
D)  Showing embarrassment is only considered a nonverbal apology if a person also blushes.

Question 15

For the past several weeks, Hugh has had a vague sense of irritability. He does not know why he is feeling this way, but it seems to be affecting how he thinks about his job and how
He acts at work. Hugh's irritability is best categorized as a

Accepted Answer

A)  primary emotion. 
B)  secondary emotion. 
C)  mood. 
D)  physiological arousal.

Question 16

Japanese students were shown film clips designed to provoke strong emotions. When Toko watched the clip with other people present, she showed little outward emotion.
When Toko watched the clips alone, she showed the same strong emotions observed
In American college students. The difference in what Toko considers to be acceptable
Emotional expression shows the influence of

Accepted Answer

A)  display rules. 
B)  cues from the experimenter. 
C)  responding to interpersonal rather than intrapersonal factors. 
D)  emotional conformity.

Question 17

The final project for your class is due in a few days. You ask a classmate how his project is going. He tells you that he has not started, because no matter how hard he tries, he can never
Get a good grade. Based on this statement, it is likely that your classmate

Accepted Answer

A)  is low in achievement motivation. 
B)  is high in achievement motivation. 
C)  has low self-efficacy. 
D)  has high self-efficacy.

Question 18

Noah is shopping for groceries when he realizes his best friend from childhood, whom he hasn't seen in years, is in the same aisle as him. His heart races, his face flushes, and he
Feels a simultaneous surge of happiness. Noah's response is most consistent with which
Theory of emotion?

Accepted Answer

A)  James-Lange 
B)  Cannon-Bard 
C)  two-factor 
D)  reappraisal

Question 19

Marco is a college student who is highly concerned with what other people think about him. He regularly tries to show off his good qualities in hopes that others have a good impression of
Him) Due to his concerns, he is more likely to be depressed or anxious. Marco's concerns are
Consistent with ________ goals.

Accepted Answer

A)  grit 
B)  ecosystem 
C)  emotion-focused 
D)  egosystem

Question 20

Danny, who has a damaged amygdala, accidentally spilled kerosene on a campfire and got badly burned. Later, Danny's reaction to fire is that he

Accepted Answer

A)  knows it is dangerous and has a strong conditioned fear response to it. 
B)  does not think it is dangerous and has no conditioned fear of it. 
C)  does not think it is dangerous but becomes terrified around it. 
D)  knows it is dangerous but has no conditioned fear of it.

Exam 9: Motivation and Emotion

Jenna plans to be an engineer. She also loves taking dance classes and makes time for them even if it means that she must skip a meal or not get much sleep. Jenna's behavior is best Explained by

Which of the following can be categorized as a secondary emotion?

Timo does not have many memories of his early childhood. However, one thing he remembers clearly is when he broke his favorite toy. He remembers crying for days when his parents Would not replace it. This childhood memory may be especially clear for Timo because

From an evolutionary perspective, pleasure the likelihood of survival and reproduction because it .

After finishing elementary school, Mia moved to a new school district for middle school. Almost none of her friends from elementary school came with her to the new school. She feels anxious and quickly joins an after-school club. What motive may be driving Mia's behavior?

While studying Ekman's work on expressions of emotions, Tanino learns that the strongest cross-cultural agreement in the identification of emotions involves , and the Weakest involves .

Shyla is considering going to the Halloween dance. She thinks about how she would feel regret if she did not attend, and she thinks about how she would be happy and excited to hang Out with her friends if she did attend, so she decides to go. This example illustrates how

Donato and Quincy are identical twins who were separated at birth. Donato tends to be fearful of many things. According to the research on genetics and negative emotions, you Would expect Quincy to have ________ levels of fear.

Cole gets easily embarrassed in social situations. He is worried that this trait will hurt his relationships and social interactions. Following psychological theories on embarrassment, what Should you tell him?

For the past several weeks, Hugh has had a vague sense of irritability. He does not know why he is feeling this way, but it seems to be affecting how he thinks about his job and how He acts at work. Hugh's irritability is best categorized as a

The final project for your class is due in a few days. You ask a classmate how his project is going. He tells you that he has not started, because no matter how hard he tries, he can never Get a good grade. Based on this statement, it is likely that your classmate

Noah is shopping for groceries when he realizes his best friend from childhood, whom he hasn't seen in years, is in the same aisle as him. His heart races, his face flushes, and he Feels a simultaneous surge of happiness. Noah's response is most consistent with which Theory of emotion?

Danny, who has a damaged amygdala, accidentally spilled kerosene on a campfire and got badly burned. Later, Danny's reaction to fire is that he

Exam 9: Motivation and Emotion

Jenna plans to be an engineer. She also loves taking dance classes and makes time for them even if it means that she must skip a meal or not get much sleep. Jenna's behavior is best Explained by

Which of the following can be categorized as a secondary emotion?

Timo does not have many memories of his early childhood. However, one thing he remembers clearly is when he broke his favorite toy. He remembers crying for days when his parents Would not replace it. This childhood memory may be especially clear for Timo because

From an evolutionary perspective, pleasure ________ the likelihood of survival and reproduction because it ________.

After finishing elementary school, Mia moved to a new school district for middle school. Almost none of her friends from elementary school came with her to the new school. She feels anxious and quickly joins an after-school club. What motive may be driving Mia's behavior?

While studying Ekman's work on expressions of emotions, Tanino learns that the strongest cross-cultural agreement in the identification of emotions involves ________, and the Weakest involves ________.

Shyla is considering going to the Halloween dance. She thinks about how she would feel regret if she did not attend, and she thinks about how she would be happy and excited to hang Out with her friends if she did attend, so she decides to go. This example illustrates how

Donato and Quincy are identical twins who were separated at birth. Donato tends to be fearful of many things. According to the research on genetics and negative emotions, you Would expect Quincy to have ________ levels of fear.

Cole gets easily embarrassed in social situations. He is worried that this trait will hurt his relationships and social interactions. Following psychological theories on embarrassment, what Should you tell him?

For the past several weeks, Hugh has had a vague sense of irritability. He does not know why he is feeling this way, but it seems to be affecting how he thinks about his job and how He acts at work. Hugh's irritability is best categorized as a

The final project for your class is due in a few days. You ask a classmate how his project is going. He tells you that he has not started, because no matter how hard he tries, he can never Get a good grade. Based on this statement, it is likely that your classmate

Noah is shopping for groceries when he realizes his best friend from childhood, whom he hasn't seen in years, is in the same aisle as him. His heart races, his face flushes, and he Feels a simultaneous surge of happiness. Noah's response is most consistent with which Theory of emotion?

Danny, who has a damaged amygdala, accidentally spilled kerosene on a campfire and got badly burned. Later, Danny's reaction to fire is that he

From an evolutionary perspective, pleasure the likelihood of survival and reproduction because it .

While studying Ekman's work on expressions of emotions, Tanino learns that the strongest cross-cultural agreement in the identification of emotions involves , and the Weakest involves .