Question 1

Sheriff (1936)asked groups of participants to estimate the distance moved by a point of light.He found that

Accepted Answer

A) participants were more accurate when they were alone than when they were in groups. 
B) participants were more accurate in groups than when they were alone. 
C) as the study progressed,the participants' estimates began to converge with each other. 
D) as the study progressed,the participants' estimates began to diverge from each other.

Question 2

The foot-in-the-door technique takes particular advantage of the

Accepted Answer

A) desire to maintain consistent self-perceptions.. 
B) norm of reciprocity. 
C) effect of mindlessness. 
D) perceived contrast between small and large requests.

Question 3

Jane bought her friends--Mayumi,Brenda,and Kate--drinks the last time they were out.The next time she needs to borrow money from one of them,who will feel the strongest need to reciprocate Jane's act of generosity?

Accepted Answer

A) Mayumi,who is out with Jane the next night 
B) Kate,who is out with Jane the next week 
C) Brenda,who is out with Jane the next month 
D) All three will feel equally pressured to reciprocate.

Question 4

As he was about to enter the mall,Evan was approached by someone and asked to wear a small green ribbon on his shirt to show his support for the "Save the Squirrels" campaign.Evan wasn't quite sure that squirrels were actually endangered,but he agreed to wear the ribbon.A week later,Evan was approached again and asked to contribute $10 to help save the squirrels.Though he would have rather spent his money elsewhere,he agreed.Evan has been the victim of the______________technique.

Accepted Answer

A) lowballing 
B) foot-in-the-door 
C) door-in-the-face 
D) that's-not-all

Question 5

The compliance technique in which compliance to a desired request is increased by first gaining compliance to a smaller,but related,request is called

Accepted Answer

A) lowballing. 
B) the that's-not-all technique. 
C) the foot-in-the-door technique. 
D) the door-in-the-face technique.

Question 6

Some researchers are planning to go around the world and put participants in a version of the Asch study in which they are asked to make judgments about the lengths of lines.Cross-cultural research suggests that the least amount of conformity should be observed in cultures

Accepted Answer

A) characterized by financial independence and prosperity. 
B) where the majority of the people in positions of power are men. 
C) where the people live a simple life,as in an isolated farming community. 
D) with very little cultural diversity.

Question 7

Interpersonal credits a person earns by following group norms are called______________credits.

Accepted Answer

A) idiosyncrasy 
B) brownie 
C) group 
D) normative

Question 8

Individuals from collectivistic cultures are more likely than those from individualistic cultures to

Accepted Answer

A) have an independent orientation. 
B) conform to a public norm. 
C) disobey an authority. 
D) possess greater heterogeneity.

Question 9

When she is asked what she should do when a friend does a favor for her,Marnie says,"I usually don't let anyone do favors for me.I don't like the idea that I would owe them something." Marine would describe people who do favors for her as

Accepted Answer

A) reciprocators. 
B) creditors. 
C) assessors. 
D) debtors.

Question 10

All of the following reduced the level of obedience in the Milgram experiment except

Accepted Answer

A) lowering the prestige of the institution where the experiment was conducted. 
B) having the experimenter in a different location. 
C) informing the participants that the experimenter assumed responsibility for the learner's welfare. 
D) having the learner be in the same room as the participant.

Question 11

The residents in Burberry Hill have convened to discuss whether to build a neighborhood pool.The majority are in favor of building a pool.However,Miguel,a long-time resident,expresses his opposition.Which of the following is unlikely?

Accepted Answer

A) The residents will think more carefully about the issue of building a pool because Miguel presented a dissenting opinion. 
B) Miguel's status of being a long-time resident and its accompanying idiosyncrasy credits will help him influence the group. 
C) Miguel will not gain private conformity to his opinion,only public conformity. 
D) Miguel will be more influential if he repeatedly expresses his opposition as the group discusses the benefits of building a pool.

Question 12

According to your text,studies examining imitation have found that it is seen in all but which species of animal?

Accepted Answer

A) hamsters 
B) fish 
C) pigeons 
D) camels

Question 13

Research on social influence in virtual groups shows that they

Accepted Answer

A) are much less influential than "live" groups. 
B) only have impact when member identities are known. 
C) only have impact when member identities are hidden. 
D) can be quite influential even when they are remote.

Question 14

Why has the Milgram obedience experiment been subjected to such scrutiny and,in some cases,doubt with regard______________to the ethics of appropriate research in psychology?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why has the Milgram obedience experiment been...

Question 15

Which of the following concerning the relationship between gender and conformity is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Men exhibit greater conformity than women in face-to-face interactions. 
B) Men exhibit greater conformity than women regardless of the situation. 
C) Women exhibit greater conformity than men in face-to-face interactions. 
D) Women exhibit greater conformity than men regardless of the situation.

Question 16

As group size increases,conformity will

Accepted Answer

A) increase. 
B) decrease. 
C) increase as long as each additional member of the group is perceived as an independent source of influence. 
D) decrease as long as each additional member of the group is perceived as an independent source of influence.

Question 17

If American children raised in ways consistent with mainstream American culture and Chinese children raised in ways that were consistent with traditional Chinese culture were placed in the same classroom,which statement would probably be true?

Accepted Answer

A) The American children would never demonstrate conformity,and the Chinese children would always conform. 
B) The American children would demonstrate less conformity than the Chinese children. 
C) The American children would demonstrate less private conformity,but more public conformity than the Chinese children. 
D) The two groups of children would conform to the same extent and degree.

Question 18

In Burger's (2009)replication of Milgram's obedience experiments,how many participants continued to shock past 150 volts?

Accepted Answer

A) 83% 
B) 70% 
C) 65% 
D) 37%

Question 19

Baron and others (1996)found that participants' levels of conformity depended on how motivated they were to do well.When offered a financial incentive,conformity went

Accepted Answer

A) down when the task was difficult and up when the task was easy. 
B) up in both conditions. 
C) down in both conditions. 
D) up when the task was difficult and down when the task was easy.

Question 20

Mary has just heard five friends say that Massachusetts is the largest state in New England,when she knows it is Maine.Rob,the next friend in line,says that New Hampshire is the largest state in New England.In this situation, Mary is now less likely to conform with the first five friends than if Rob had said that

Accepted Answer

A) Maine is the largest state. 
B) Massachusetts is the largest state. 
C) he isn't familiar with New England. 
D) Vermont is the largest state.

Exam 7: Conformity

Sheriff (1936) asked groups of participants to estimate the distance moved by a point of light.He found that