Question 1

Individuals with Raynaud disease need to be counseled to avoid which of the following conditions to prevent severe symptoms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Allergic reactions 
B)  Cold exposure 
C)  Hot water immersion 
D)  Tissue injury

Question 2

Most cases of combined systolic and diastolic hypertension have no known cause and are documented on the chart as _____ hypertension.

Accepted Answer

A)  Primary 
B)  Secondary 
C)  Congenital 
D)  Acquired

Question 3

A nurse recalls acute orthostatic hypotension can be caused by (select all that apply):

Accepted Answer

A)  Prolonged immobility 
B)  Drug action 
C)  Starvation 
D)  Volume depletion 
E)  Exercise

Question 4

A 56-year-old male presents to his primary care provider for a checkup.Physical exam reveals edema,hepatomegaly,and muffled heart sounds.Which of the following is of greatest concern to the nurse?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tamponade 
B)  Exudate 
C)  Aneurysm 
D)  Pulsus paradoxus

Question 5

While planning care for a patient with superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS),which principle should the nurse remember? SVCS is a progressive _____ of the superior vena cava (SVC)that leads to venous distention of the upper extremities and head.

Accepted Answer

A)  Inflammation 
B)  Occlusion 
C)  Distention 
D)  Sclerosis

Question 6

A 68-year-old female is experiencing left heart failure.Physical exam reveals elevated blood pressure.The nurse understands this is most likely caused by:

Accepted Answer

A)  Sympathetic nervous system compensation for decreased cardiac output 
B)  Stress hormones promoting increased cardiac contractility 
C)  Cardiotoxic effects of catecholamines and angiotensin 
D)  Diastolic dysfunction

Question 7

A 72-year-old female has a history of hypertension and atherosclerosis.An echocardiogram reveals backflow of blood into the left ventricle.Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis documented on the chart?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mitral regurgitation 
B)  Mitral stenosis 
C)  Aortic regurgitation 
D)  Aortic stenosis

Question 8

A 60-year-old male is diagnosed with cerebral aneurysm.Where does the nurse suspect the cerebral aneurysm is located?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vertebral arteries 
B)  Basilar artery 
C)  Circle of Willis 
D)  Carotid arteries

Question 9

A 65-year-old male is diagnosed with chronic pulmonary disease and elevated pulmonary vascular resistance.Which of the following heart failures should the nurse assess for in this patient?

Accepted Answer

A)  Right heart failure 
B)  Left heart failure 
C)  Low-output failure 
D)  High-output failure

Question 10

Which condition should cause the nurse to assess for high-output failure in a patient?

Accepted Answer

A)  Metabolic alkalosis 
B)  Hypothyroidism 
C)  Hypovolemia 
D)  Anemia

Question 11

A nurse is planning care for a patient in shock.Which principle should the nurse remember? During shock states,glucose uptake is usually:

Accepted Answer

A)  Enhanced 
B)  Normal 
C)  Impaired 
D)  Energy intensive

Question 12

A 32-year-old female presents with lower leg pain,with swelling and redness.While obtaining the patient's history,which finding could have caused her condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Venous thrombus 
B)  Heart valve damage 
C)  Bacterial infection 
D)  Atherosclerosis

Question 13

A patient has been researching cardiac cells on the internet.Which information indicates the patient has a good understanding? Cardiac cells can withstand ischemic conditions for _____ minutes before irreversible cell injury occurs.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient has been researching cardiac cells...

Question 14

A 15-year-old male who is allergic to peanuts eats a peanut butter cup.He then goes into anaphylactic shock.Which assessment findings will the nurse assess for?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bradycardia, decreased arterial pressure, and oliguria 
B)  Bronchoconstriction, hives or edema, and hypotension 
C)  Hypertension, anxiety, and tachycardia 
D)  Fever, hypotension, and erythematous rash

Question 15

A 52-year-old male is diagnosed with primary hypertension.He has no other health problems.Present treatment would cause the nurse to anticipate administering which drug to the patient?

Accepted Answer

A)  A beta-adrenergic agonist 
B)  An alpha-adrenergic agonist 
C)  A diuretic 
D)  A calcium channel agonist

Question 16

A 50-year-old male was admitted to the intensive care unit with a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (MI).He is being treated for shock.His cardiopulmonary symptoms include low blood pressure,tachycardia,and tachypnea.His skin is pale and cool.The primary cause of his shock is most likely:

Accepted Answer

A)  Rapid heart rate 
B)  Decreased cardiac contractility 
C)  Increased capillary permeability 
D)  Decreased afterload due to vasodilation

Question 17

A 72-year-old female has a history of right heart failure caused by a right ventricular myocardial infarction.Which of the following symptoms are specifically related to her right heart failure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Significant edema to both lower legs and feet 
B)  Hypertension 
C)  Decreased urine output 
D)  Dyspnea upon exertion

Question 18

What term should the nurse document for a detached blood clot?

Accepted Answer

A)  Thrombus 
B)  Embolus 
C)  Thromboembolus 
D)  Infarction

Question 19

A 50-year-old obese male with hypertension and coronary artery disease visits a nutritionist for food counseling.He has an elevated level of low-density lipoprotein (LDL)and a low level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL).Which of the following should the nurse advise him to avoid?

Accepted Answer

A)  Monounsaturated fats 
B)  Polyunsaturated fats 
C)  Saturated fats 
D)  Trans fats

Question 20

Upon assessment of the patient,the nurse finds a widened pulse pressure and throbbing peripheral pulses.Which valve disorder does the nurse suspect?

Accepted Answer