Question 1

Harris (1996)suggested that if children were left with their same schools,neighborhoods,and peers,but their parents were switched,the children would develop into the same sort of adults.This conclusion reflects the power of:

Accepted Answer

A) parents. 
B) siblings. 
C) peers. 
D) teachers.

Question 2

What cultural differences or similarities were found in the research on pedestrian interaction in the United States and Japan?

Accepted Answer

A) Americans were more likely to greet the research confederate who greeted them. 
B) Japanese were more likely to greet the research confederate who greeted them. 
C) Both Japanese and Americans did not smile back when the confederates smiled at them. 
D) Both Japanese and Americans failed to respond to the confederates.

Question 3

In the context of independence versus connectedness,_____ are more likely to describe themselves as having empathy.

Accepted Answer

A) the young 
B) the elderly 
C) men 
D) women

Question 4

Evolutionary psychologists suggest that males are sexually assertive while females are more selective of sexual partners because:

Accepted Answer

A) males outnumber females. 
B) each strategy is likely to promote gene survival. 
C) males and females are socialized differently. 
D) of differences in brain chemistry.

Question 5

Compared to girls,boys:

Accepted Answer

A) play less aggressively. 
B) play in larger groups. 
C) talk more intimately. 
D) spend more time on social networking sites.

Question 6

In the mid-1960s,married women in the United States devoted seven times as many hours to housework as did their husbands.By 2013,the gender gap had shrunk,yet persisted.This pattern reflects how gender roles:

Accepted Answer

A) are learned. 
B) are biologically determined. 
C) vary by culture. 
D) vary over time.

Question 7

Habib,an exchange student from Iran,is doing his thesis in the United States.He notices that people eat sandwiches directly from their paper bags and do not use plates.He is confused as people use eating utensils in his country.This scenario exemplifies _____ differences between Habib's native country and his country of residence.

Accepted Answer

A) ethical 
B) language 
C) climatic 
D) cultural

Question 8

According to Haselton and Gildersleeve,which of the following statements is true of women during ovulation when compared to other days?

Accepted Answer

A) A woman will be less mindful of potentially threatening men. 
B) A woman will despise and avoid men who are confident and socially dominant. 
C) A woman will be more attracted to aggressive men. 
D) A woman will express greater ability to detect men's sexual orientation.

Question 9

Connor and Riley,a middle-aged couple,have been married for 7 years.Connor has great physical strength,and he takes care of household activities like gardening,repairs,and plumbing.Riley takes care of her husband and children.Both Connor and Riley exhibit the behaviors expected of them as a man and a woman,and their skills and beliefs are shaped accordingly.Which of the following theories is exemplified in this scenario?

Accepted Answer

A) the behavioral game theory of behavior and strategic decisions 
B) the social-role theory of gender differences 
C) the general strain theory of gender inequalities 
D) the nudge theory of behavioral influences

Question 10

According to evolutionary psychologists,which of the following is true of the mating preferences of men and women?

Accepted Answer

A) Husbands' physical attractiveness has a great impact on wives' satisfaction. 
B) Men married to physically attractive wives reported low marital satisfaction. 
C) Sex differences in mate preferences are negligible compared to most other psychological sex differences. 
D) Men favor fertility in women,generally signaled by a youthful and healthy appearance.

Question 11

Zoe has lived in the United States all of her life,yet her Greek grandmother has made sure that Zoe is fluent in the Greek language,so she would understand the Greek way of life.What has Zoe's grandmother passed on to her?

Accepted Answer

A) an idea 
B) a norm 
C) a culture 
D) a value

Question 12

Eagly and Wood (2007)theorized that in adult life the immediate causes of gender differences in social behavior are:

Accepted Answer

A) the roles that reflect a sexual division of labor. 
B) biologically based differences in power and aggressiveness. 
C) learned habits reinforced by social rewards like affection. 
D) rules and laws that legislate and maintain the status quo.

Question 13

Consistent with evolutionary psychology's explanation of gender differences,Roney (2003)found that teen males reported _____ as most important if left alone in a room with a teen female.

Accepted Answer

A) being witty 
B) earning good grades 
C) having lots of money 
D) showing one's sensitive side

Question 14

According to behavior geneticists Robert Plomin and Denise Daniels,which of the following is true of the influence of peer-transmitted culture among children?

Accepted Answer

A) Children and youth learn their culture-their games,their musical tastes,their accents-mostly from their parents. 
B) Shared environmental influences-including the shared home influence-account for 20 to 30% of children's personality differences. 
C) Two children in the same family are as different from one another as are pairs of children selected randomly from the population. 
D) Genetic influences on individuals explain roughly 90% of individual variations in personality traits.

Question 15

Human kinship is to the _____ perspective as human diversity is to the _____ perspective.

Accepted Answer

A) evolutionary;cultural 
B) cognitive;psychoanalytical 
C) humanistic;cultural 
D) biological;humanistic

Question 16

In the context of aggression,identify a true statement.

Accepted Answer

A) Women are slightly more likely to commit indirect aggressive acts. 
B) In surveys,women admit to more aggression than do men. 
C) In laboratory experiments,women exhibit more physical aggression. 
D) Within less assaultive forms of aggression,women are less aggressive than men.

Question 17

According to a study by Fischer and LaFrance (2015)on gender differences,identify a true statement about the nature of women.

Accepted Answer

A) Women are less skilled at expressing emotions nonverbally than are men. 
B) Women's greater connectedness is expressed in their generally higher rate of smiling than men's. 
C) Women are far less likely to describe themselves as having empathy and having the ability to feel for others than are men. 
D) Women are more vulnerable to autism than are men.

Question 18

Compared with males,the average female:

Accepted Answer

A) has fewer neural connections. 
B) is less vulnerable to depression. 
C) is more sensitive to smells and sounds. 
D) is more likely to be diagnosed with ADHD.

Question 19

The best-known universal norm is the taboo against:

Accepted Answer

A) cannibalism. 
B) incest. 
C) female genital mutilation. 
D) public nudity.

Question 20

Norms _____ "proper" behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) reward 
B) prescribe 
C) change 
D) are the result of

Exam 5: Genes, Culture, and Gender

Harris (1996) suggested that if children were left with their same schools,neighborhoods,and peers,but their parents were switched,the children would develop into the same sort of adults.This conclusion reflects the power of: