Question 1

Arnett (2006) has proposed a new developmental stage for the years between age 18 and 25 he calls

Accepted Answer

A)  extended adolescence. 
B)  emerging adulthood. 
C)  adolescent moratorium. 
D)  adult delay.

Question 2

Cross cultural research shows that separation anxiety emerges and peaks at similar ages world-wide, but that cultural variations in child rearing affects the patterns of attachment seen in a society.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Both of Karlee's parents are teachers, and two of her uncles are teachers. For as long as she can remember, she has wanted to be a schoolteacher, just like these role models. According to James Marcia, Karlee would be considered to be in a state of identity ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Both of Karlee's parents are teachers, and...

Question 4

For which of the following theorists is language a central organizing factor in child development?

Accepted Answer

A)  Piaget 
B)  Vygotsky 
C)  Kohlberg 
D)  Harlow

Question 5

Cohort effects are most closely associated with the cross-sectional research design

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The major qualification of the research findings on gender differences is that

Accepted Answer

A)  the data are indicative of group differences and tell us little about individuals. 
B)  the findings are based on only a few studies and are therefore not very representative of the population. 
C)  most of the research has been conducted on white middle-class children. 
D)  there is wide variation from study to study in how the variables have been operationalized.

Question 7

Gender differences in the cognitive domain show that ____________________ tend to exhibit slightly better verbal skills while ____________________ show a slight advantages in mathematical ability beginning in high school.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Gender differences in the cognitive domain show...

Question 8

Define the concept of attachment and summarize the patterns of attachment seen in infants

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define the concept of attachment and summarize...

Question 9

In early adulthood, the psychosocial crisis centers on establishing close, personal relationships with others. This is the stage of

Accepted Answer

A)  generativity versus self-absorption. 
B)  intimacy versus isolation. 
C)  identity versus confusion. 
D)  integrity versus despair.

Question 10

Recent research on memory in older adults shows

Accepted Answer

A)  substantial decreases in both procedural and semantic memory. 
B)  age-related declines in the capacity of working memory. 
C)  a universal pattern of changes that is similar across all cultures. 
D)  insignificant age-related changes in the raw speed of mental processing.

Question 11

Which of the following is MOST likely to decline in the later years?

Accepted Answer

A)  intellectual accomplishment 
B)  procedural memory 
C)  problem-solving ability 
D)  speed in processing information

Question 12

Recent research suggests that adolescents may be prone to engage in risky behaviors such as reckless driving and unprotected sex because the ____ area of the brain is not fully developed until late adolescence or early adulthood.

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothalamus 
B)  prefrontal cortex 
C)  occipital cortex 
D)  medulla

Question 13

Which prenatal period begins at the second week and ends at the second month of pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

A)  germinal stage 
B)  embryonic stage 
C)  fetal stage 
D)  seminal stage

Question 14

You and a friend are discussing the importance of fathers in children's overall development. Your friend states that, "If we fail to promote increased involvement of fathers in the parenting process, then we must accept the inevitable breakdown of other social values." This statement is an example of the reasoning fallacy known as

Accepted Answer

A)  circular-logic. 
B)  a false-dichotomy. 
C)  a weak-analogy. 
D)  alternative-explanations.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT one of the three key processes involved in the development of gender roles?

Accepted Answer

A)  self-socialization 
B)  operant conditioning 
C)  observational learning 
D)  natural selection

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a physical change characteristic of adult aging?

Accepted Answer

A)  an increase in visual problems such as farsightedness 
B)  a decrease in weight through the mid-fifties and then an increase in weight 
C)  a decrease in brain weight after age 60 
D)  a decrease in hearing sensitivity

Question 17

The last area of the brain to fully mature in late adolescence or early adulthood is the

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothalamus. 
B)  prefrontal cortex. 
C)  occipital cortex. 
D)  medulla.

Question 18

Girls who have congenital adrenal hyperplasia have adrenal glands that produce high levels of androgens (male hormones). Studies have shown that girls with this condition have elevated scores on measures of

Accepted Answer

A)  aggressiveness and spatial ability. 
B)  verbal reasoning and mathematical reasoning. 
C)  spatial ability and verbal reasoning. 
D)  creativity and leadership skills.

Question 19

According to Erikson's theory of development, a sense of ____________________ develops in an infant whose basic biological and emotional needs are adequately met.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Erikson's theory of development, a...

Question 20

As 79-year-old Joe mentally reviews his life he cannot help from smiling to himself. He believes he married and spent over 40 years with the most wonderful woman in the world, helped to raise three fine children, and was successful in his career as an accountant. At this point in his life, Joe is experiencing

Accepted Answer

A)  integrity. 
B)  identity. 
C)  generativity. 
D)  intimacy.

Exam 22: Human Development Across the Life Span Part 2