Question 1

Rogers named his technique "client-centered therapy" to emphasize his belief that

Accepted Answer

A)   clients should play a major role in determining the pace and direction of their therapy.
B)   clients should always be the center of attention.
C)   therapists should always share all of their thoughts, feelings, and experiences with clients.
D)   the client is in a position of natural status and authority over the therapist. A

Question 2

Compared to traditional antipsychotic drugs, the newer atypical antipsychotic drugs

Accepted Answer

A)   seem to produce more severe side effects, but are much more expensive.
B)   are more effective in treating the negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
C)   can be used to treat depression and anxiety, in addition to schizophrenia.
D)   seem to produce more unpleasant side effects. A

Question 3

The main assumption of behavior therapy is that maladaptive behavior is the result of

Accepted Answer

A)   unconscious conflicts and repressed urges.
B)   self-defeating irrational thoughts.
C)   learning, and can be unlearned.
D)   distortions in a person's emotions. C

Question 4

Use of group therapy is likely to grow in future years because

Accepted Answer

A)   it has a high effectiveness rate.
B)   more practitioners are being trained .
C)   there are economic pressures in mental health care.
D)   most people find the idea of being in groups attractive.

Question 5

According to behavior therapists, pathological behaviors

Accepted Answer

A)   are signs of an underlying emotional or cognitive problem.
B)   should be viewed as the expression of an unconscious sexual or aggressive conflict.
C)   can be modified directly, through the application of established principles of conditioning.
D)   are the product of irrational thinking.

Question 6

Based on a 1999 survey, the U.S. Surgeon General estimated that ____ percentage of the US population uses mental health services in a given year.

Accepted Answer

A)   about 25%
B)   less then five percent
C)   about 15%
D)   more than 25%

Question 7

Psychopharmacotherapy involves the treatment of mental disorders with

Accepted Answer

A)   electroconvulsive shock.
B)   insight therapy.
C)   medication.
D)   surgery.

Question 8

Behavior therapies appear to be particularly effective in the treatment of

Accepted Answer

A)   major depression.
B)   antisocial personality disorder.
C)   phobias.
D)   multiple-personality disorders.

Question 9

Which of the following psychologists is MOST likely to deal with the most severe mental health problems?

Accepted Answer

A)   counseling psychologist
B)   clinical psychologist
C)   school psychologist
D)   research psychologist

Question 10

Psychoanalysis uses the techniques of ____ to uncover the unconscious conflicts causing an individual's behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)   resistance and transference
B)   free association and resistance
C)   free association and dream analysis
D)   dream analysis and transference

Question 11

Compared to psychologists, in their provision of therapy psychiatrists tend to

Accepted Answer

A)   emphasize biomedical treatments more.
B)   use group therapies more often.
C)   use behavior therapies more often.
D)   spend less time working with severely disturbed patients.

Question 12

Therapists who emphasize altering an individual's physiological functioning in treatment use the ____ approach to psychotherapy.

Accepted Answer

A)   behavior
B)   biomedical
C)   insight
D)   emotion

Question 13

The most commonly cited side effect associated with antianxiety drugs is

Accepted Answer

A)   drowsiness.
B)   tachycardia.
C)   blurred vision.
D)   insomnia.

Question 14

According to Freud, the events in dreams

Accepted Answer

A)   have no connection to the client's real life and thus are irrelevant in therapy.
B)   are symbolic representations of recent events in the client's life.
C)   need to be analyzed by the therapist and interpreted for the client.
D)   are logical interpretations of random neural activation.

Question 15

Which of the following statements is MOST accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)   Psychotherapy is for people with an identified psychological disorder.
B)   About half of the people who used mental health services in a given year do not meet the criteria for a full-fledged mental disorder.
C)   Men are more likely to seek professional psychological help.
D)   The most common problem for which people will seek mental health treatment is for unsatisfactory interpersonal relations.

Question 16

Leslie has been feeling depressed for a number of weeks. She thinks she may need to see a therapist to help her overcome her depression, but she doesn't want to see anyone who is going to dwell on her childhood and try to work through any problems she experienced years ago. She wants to see someone who will focus on direct treatment of her current symptoms. In this example, it appears that Leslie is looking for a therapist whose approach to treatment would be classified as

Accepted Answer

A)   insight therapy.
B)   non-invasive therapy.
C)   biomedical therapy.
D)   hypnotherapy.

Question 17

Therapeutic drugs that reduce tension, apprehension, and nervousness are

Accepted Answer

A)   antidepressant drugs.
B)   antipsychotic drugs.
C)   mood stabilizes.
D)   antianxiety drugs.

Question 18

The basic learning principle used in Wolpe's systematic desensitization is

Accepted Answer

A)   counterconditioning.
B)   negative reinforcement.
C)   positive reinforcement.
D)   operant conditioning.

Question 19

Nelson, a schizophrenic patient, has just begun taking antipsychotic medication. He took his first dose about 12 hours ago, but so far his family sees no change in his condition. What advice should they be given?

Accepted Answer

A)   If he doesn't show improvement in another 12 hours, a different kind of medication should be tried.
B)   Patients usually don't begin responding to antipsychotic drugs for at least a few days.
C)   He may have been misdiagnosed as schizophrenic.
D)   Early changes due to antipsychotic medication are usually not apparent to nonprofessionals, who are unfamiliar with the signs of improvement.

Question 20

Which of the following assumptions are LEAST likely to be made by a behavioral therapist?

Accepted Answer

A)   Behavior is a product of learning.
B)   What has been learned is can be unlearned.
C)   Overt behaviors are symptoms of an underlying problem.
D)   Learning principles can be used to get rid of maladaptive behaviors.

Exam 29: Treatment of Psychological Disorders Part 1