Question 1

Which of the following is not a function of the urinary system?

Accepted Answer

A)  excretion of metabolic wastes 
B)  maintenance of water-salt balance 
C)  maintenance of acid-base balance 
D)  maintenance of blood glucose levels 
E)  secretion of hormones 
A)  excretion of metabolic wastes 
B)  maintenance of water-salt balance 
C)  maintenance of acid-base balance 
D)  maintenance of blood glucose levels 
E)  secretion of hormones D

Question 2

After running a marathon, it is best to drink water to restore what was lost due to heavy sweating.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

Why does urine frequently have an acidic pH?

Accepted Answer

A)  The kidneys filter and excrete H+ from the blood. 
B)  The kidneys produce H+ in the process of filtering the blood. 
C)  The blood has an acidic pH and the kidneys produce urine similar to the pH of the blood. 
D)  There is a high concentration of hydrochloric acid HCl) in the urine, making it highly acidic. 
E)  The kidneys absorb H+ ions and excrete bicarbonate ions. 
A)  The kidneys filter and excrete H+ from the blood. 
B)  The kidneys produce H+ in the process of filtering the blood. 
C)  The blood has an acidic pH and the kidneys produce urine similar to the pH of the blood. 
D)  There is a high concentration of hydrochloric acid HCl) in the urine, making it highly acidic. 
E)  The kidneys absorb H+ ions and excrete bicarbonate ions. A

Question 4

Why do some people not drink beverages with caffeine right before bedtime?

Accepted Answer

A)  It increases the flow of urine and causes you to go to the bathroom during the night. 
B)  It decreases the flow of urine and can cause kidney stones. 
C)  It may affect the ability to sleep, but caffeine has very little effect on the urinary system. 
D)  It can cause a headache if consumed late at night. 
E)  It can lead to diarrhea. 
A)  It increases the flow of urine and causes you to go to the bathroom during the night. 
B)  It decreases the flow of urine and can cause kidney stones. 
C)  It may affect the ability to sleep, but caffeine has very little effect on the urinary system. 
D)  It can cause a headache if consumed late at night. 
E)  It can lead to diarrhea.

Question 5

The kidneys excrete metabolic wastes, including urea, a by-product of glucose metabolism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

In CAPD, what serves as the dialysis membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  the walls of the blood vessels 
B)  a filter inside the instrument 
C)  the kidneys themselves 
D)  the peritoneum 
E)  the pleural membrane 
A)  the walls of the blood vessels 
B)  a filter inside the instrument 
C)  the kidneys themselves 
D)  the peritoneum 
E)  the pleural membrane

Question 7

Tubular reabsorption requires both passive and active modes of reabsorption.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

What is an infection of the urinary bladder called?

Accepted Answer

A)  cystitis 
B)  urethritis 
C)  pyelonephritis 
D)  hemodialysis 
E)  uremia 
A)  cystitis 
B)  urethritis 
C)  pyelonephritis 
D)  hemodialysis 
E)  uremia

Question 9

Which of the following particles are not filtered out of the blood in the glomerulus?

Accepted Answer

A)  plasma proteins 
B)  water 
C)  nitrogenous wastes 
D)  salts 
E)  nutrients 
A)  plasma proteins 
B)  water 
C)  nitrogenous wastes 
D)  salts 
E)  nutrients

Question 10

Which part of the nephron contains podocytes?

Accepted Answer

A)  distal convoluted tubule 
B)  proximal convoluted tubule 
C)  ascending limb of loop 
D)  descending limb of loop 
E)  glomerular capsule 
A)  distal convoluted tubule 
B)  proximal convoluted tubule 
C)  ascending limb of loop 
D)  descending limb of loop 
E)  glomerular capsule

Question 11

What are the two ways substances are removed from the blood and added to the forming urine?

Accepted Answer

A)  glomerular filtration and tubular secretion 
B)  glomerular filtration and tubular reabsorption 
C)  tubular secretion and tubular reabsorption 
D)  glomerular secretion and tubular reabsorption 
E)  glomerular secretion and tubular secretion 
A)  glomerular filtration and tubular secretion 
B)  glomerular filtration and tubular reabsorption 
C)  tubular secretion and tubular reabsorption 
D)  glomerular secretion and tubular reabsorption 
E)  glomerular secretion and tubular secretion

Question 12

What hormones regulate the reabsorption of sodium and water in the distal convoluted tubule?

Accepted Answer

A)  creatinine and renin 
B)  renin and aquaporin 
C)  aquaporin and aldosterone 
D)  aldosterone and renin 
E)  creatinine and aldosterone 
A)  creatinine and renin 
B)  renin and aquaporin 
C)  aquaporin and aldosterone 
D)  aldosterone and renin 
E)  creatinine and aldosterone

Question 13

The inner medulla of the kidney is _____ to the loop of Henle and therefore, water leaves the loop at the descending limb and collecting duct.

Accepted Answer

A)  isotonic 
B)  hypertonic 
C)  hypotonic 
D)  balanced 
E)  None of these. 
A)  isotonic 
B)  hypertonic 
C)  hypotonic 
D)  balanced 
E)  None of these.

Question 14

An enlarged prostate gland can lead to kidney stones in males.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

ANH is a hormone produced by the hypothalamus and secreted by the posterior pituitary.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

While glucose is filtered out at the glomerulus, none is excreted in the urine. What happens to the glucose?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is reabsorbed at the distal convoluted tubule. 
B)  It is secreted at the proximal convoluted tubule. 
C)  It is reabsorbed at the proximal convoluted tubule. 
D)  It is secreted at the distal convoluted tubule. 
E)  It is reabsorbed from the collecting duct. 
A)  It is reabsorbed at the distal convoluted tubule. 
B)  It is secreted at the proximal convoluted tubule. 
C)  It is reabsorbed at the proximal convoluted tubule. 
D)  It is secreted at the distal convoluted tubule. 
E)  It is reabsorbed from the collecting duct.

Question 17

Less than 50% of which molecule is reabsorbed during tubular reabsorption?

Accepted Answer

A)  urea 
B)  water 
C)  sodium 
D)  glucose 
E)  amino acids 
A)  urea 
B)  water 
C)  sodium 
D)  glucose 
E)  amino acids

Question 18

Which of the following is not a metabolic waste product?

Accepted Answer

A)  urea 
B)  erythropoietin 
C)  ammonia 
D)  creatinine 
E)  uric acid 
A)  urea 
B)  erythropoietin 
C)  ammonia 
D)  creatinine 
E)  uric acid

Question 19

If you do not drink enough water, which hormone will the hypothalamus produce to regulate urine production?

Accepted Answer

A)  renin 
B)  ADH 
C)  ANH 
D)  aldosterone 
E)  diuretics 
A)  renin 
B)  ADH 
C)  ANH 
D)  aldosterone 
E)  diuretics

Question 20

The kidneys help to maintain blood pressure by monitoring the pH of the blood.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 11: Urinary System

Which of the following is not a function of the urinary system?

After running a marathon, it is best to drink water to restore what was lost due to heavy sweating.

Why does urine frequently have an acidic pH?

Why do some people not drink beverages with caffeine right before bedtime?

The kidneys excrete metabolic wastes, including urea, a by-product of glucose metabolism.

In CAPD, what serves as the dialysis membrane?

Tubular reabsorption requires both passive and active modes of reabsorption.

What is an infection of the urinary bladder called?

Which of the following particles are not filtered out of the blood in the glomerulus?

Which part of the nephron contains podocytes?

What are the two ways substances are removed from the blood and added to the forming urine?

What hormones regulate the reabsorption of sodium and water in the distal convoluted tubule?

The inner medulla of the kidney is _____ to the loop of Henle and therefore, water leaves the loop at the descending limb and collecting duct.

An enlarged prostate gland can lead to kidney stones in males.

ANH is a hormone produced by the hypothalamus and secreted by the posterior pituitary.

While glucose is filtered out at the glomerulus, none is excreted in the urine. What happens to the glucose?

Less than 50% of which molecule is reabsorbed during tubular reabsorption?

Which of the following is not a metabolic waste product?

If you do not drink enough water, which hormone will the hypothalamus produce to regulate urine production?

The kidneys help to maintain blood pressure by monitoring the pH of the blood.

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Cardiovascular System : Blood

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