Question 1

The kidneys convert vitamin D and thereby assist calcium homeostasis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Substances that are nonfilterable in the glomerulus exit the nephron through the afferent arteriole.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

List the three processes involved in the formation of urine in order. 1. tubular secretion; 2. tubular reabsorption; 3. glomerular filtration

Accepted Answer

A)  1,2,3 
B)  3,2,1 
C)  1,3,2 
D)  2,3,1 
E)  2,1,3 
A)  1,2,3 
B)  3,2,1 
C)  1,3,2 
D)  2,3,1 
E)  2,1,3

Question 4

Which molecule is reabsorbed less than 50% during tubular reabsorption?

Accepted Answer

A)  urea 
B)  water 
C)  sodium 
D)  glucose 
E)  amino acids 
A)  urea 
B)  water 
C)  sodium 
D)  glucose 
E)  amino acids

Question 5

While glucose is filtered out at the glomerulus, none is excreted in the urine. What happens to the glucose?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is reabsorbed at the distal convoluted tubule. 
B)  It is secreted at the proximal convoluted tubule. 
C)  It is reabsorbed at the proximal convoluted tubule. 
D)  It is secreted at the distal convoluted tubule. 
E)  It is reabsorbed from the collecting duct. 
A)  It is reabsorbed at the distal convoluted tubule. 
B)  It is secreted at the proximal convoluted tubule. 
C)  It is reabsorbed at the proximal convoluted tubule. 
D)  It is secreted at the distal convoluted tubule. 
E)  It is reabsorbed from the collecting duct.

Question 6

List the components of the glomerular filtrate and indicate where they can be found.

Accepted Answer

Water, salts, nutrient molecul

Question 7

Which of the following organs of the urinary system is the storage area for urine?

Accepted Answer

A)  bladder 
B)  kidney 
C)  ureter 
D)  renal pelvis 
E)  urethra 
A)  bladder 
B)  kidney 
C)  ureter 
D)  renal pelvis 
E)  urethra

Question 8

In the analogy where the liver is like the sewage treatment plant, the kidneys are like

Accepted Answer

A)  the trucks that take the waste out of town. 
B)  the people who produce the waste. 
C)  trash cans where the waste is stored. 
D)  the trucks that carry the waste from the people who produce it to the treatment plant. 
E)  trucks that produce the waste. 
A)  the trucks that take the waste out of town. 
B)  the people who produce the waste. 
C)  trash cans where the waste is stored. 
D)  the trucks that carry the waste from the people who produce it to the treatment plant. 
E)  trucks that produce the waste.

Question 9

The kidneys excrete metabolic wastes, including urea, a by-product of glucose metabolism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

What is one of the earliest signs of nephron damage?

Accepted Answer

A)  burning upon urination 
B)  extreme pain 
C)  albumin or formed elements in the urine 
D)  the absence of urination 
E)  edema 
A)  burning upon urination 
B)  extreme pain 
C)  albumin or formed elements in the urine 
D)  the absence of urination 
E)  edema

Question 11

Tubular reabsorption requires both passive and active modes of reabsorption.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

What is located within the glomerular capsule?

Accepted Answer

A)  the renal cortex 
B)  the loop of Henle 
C)  several collecting ducts 
D)  a knot of capillaries 
E)  the peritubular capillary network 
A)  the renal cortex 
B)  the loop of Henle 
C)  several collecting ducts 
D)  a knot of capillaries 
E)  the peritubular capillary network

Question 13

Approximately 99% of the water that is filtered in the glomerulus is reabsorbed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which of the hormones involved in the regulation of water-salt balance is produced by the juxtaglomerular apparatus?

Accepted Answer

A)  aldosterone 
B)  renin 
C)  ADH 
D)  ANH 
E)  testosterone 
A)  aldosterone 
B)  renin 
C)  ADH 
D)  ANH 
E)  testosterone

Question 15

The inner medulla of the kidney is ____________ to the loop of Henle and therefore water leaves the loop at the descending limb and collecting duct.

Accepted Answer

A)  isotonic 
B)  hypertonic 
C)  hypotonic 
D)  balanced 
E)  none of these. 
A)  isotonic 
B)  hypertonic 
C)  hypotonic 
D)  balanced 
E)  none of these.

Question 16

Place the parts of the nephron in order of how filtration would occur. 1. ascending limb of loop; 2. descending limb of loop; 3. proximal convoluted tubule; 4. glomerulus; 5. collecting duct; 6. distal convoluted tubule

Accepted Answer

A)  4,3,2,1,6,5 
B)  1,2,3,4,5,6 
C)  2,1,6,4,3,5 
D)  1,2,4,3,6,5 
E)  6,4,1,2,3,5 
A)  4,3,2,1,6,5 
B)  1,2,3,4,5,6 
C)  2,1,6,4,3,5 
D)  1,2,4,3,6,5 
E)  6,4,1,2,3,5

Question 17

In CAPD, what serves as the dialysis membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  the walls of the blood vessels 
B)  a filter inside the instrument 
C)  the kidneys themselves 
D)  the peritoneum 
E)  the pleural membrane 
A)  the walls of the blood vessels 
B)  a filter inside the instrument 
C)  the kidneys themselves 
D)  the peritoneum 
E)  the pleural membrane

Question 18

List the functions of the urinary system.

Accepted Answer

1. excretion of metabolic wast

Question 19

The success rate for a kidney transplant from even a relative is fairly low.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which of the following is not a region of the kidney?

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothalamus 
B)  cortex 
C)  medulla 
D)  pelvis 
E)  collecting ducts 
A)  hypothalamus 
B)  cortex 
C)  medulla 
D)  pelvis 
E)  collecting ducts

Exam 10: Urinary System

The kidneys convert vitamin D and thereby assist calcium homeostasis.

Substances that are nonfilterable in the glomerulus exit the nephron through the afferent arteriole.

List the three processes involved in the formation of urine in order. 1. tubular secretion; 2. tubular reabsorption; 3. glomerular filtration

Which molecule is reabsorbed less than 50% during tubular reabsorption?

While glucose is filtered out at the glomerulus, none is excreted in the urine. What happens to the glucose?

List the components of the glomerular filtrate and indicate where they can be found.

Which of the following organs of the urinary system is the storage area for urine?

In the analogy where the liver is like the sewage treatment plant, the kidneys are like

The kidneys excrete metabolic wastes, including urea, a by-product of glucose metabolism.

What is one of the earliest signs of nephron damage?

Tubular reabsorption requires both passive and active modes of reabsorption.

What is located within the glomerular capsule?

Approximately 99% of the water that is filtered in the glomerulus is reabsorbed.

Which of the hormones involved in the regulation of water-salt balance is produced by the juxtaglomerular apparatus?

The inner medulla of the kidney is ____________ to the loop of Henle and therefore water leaves the loop at the descending limb and collecting duct.

Place the parts of the nephron in order of how filtration would occur. 1. ascending limb of loop; 2. descending limb of loop; 3. proximal convoluted tubule; 4. glomerulus; 5. collecting duct; 6. distal convoluted tubule

In CAPD, what serves as the dialysis membrane?

List the functions of the urinary system.

The success rate for a kidney transplant from even a relative is fairly low.

Which of the following is not a region of the kidney?

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