Question 1

What effect does ANH have on renin?

Accepted Answer

A)  it inhibits its secretion 
B)  it inhibits its production 
C)  it promotes its secretion 
D)  it promotes its production 
E)  it produces additional hormones that accelerate the production of renin 
A)  it inhibits its secretion 
B)  it inhibits its production 
C)  it promotes its secretion 
D)  it promotes its production 
E)  it produces additional hormones that accelerate the production of renin A

Question 2

What effect does cellular respiration have on the pH of the blood?

Accepted Answer

A)  It does not affect the pH. 
B)  It raises the pH. 
C)  It lowers the pH. 
D)  Increases the amount of hydrogen ions in the blood. 
E)  Decreases the amount of hydroxide ions in the blood. 
A)  It does not affect the pH. 
B)  It raises the pH. 
C)  It lowers the pH. 
D)  Increases the amount of hydrogen ions in the blood. 
E)  Decreases the amount of hydroxide ions in the blood. C

Question 3

Which of the following particles are not filtered out of the blood in the glomerulus?

Accepted Answer

A)  plasma proteins 
B)  water 
C)  nitrogenous wastes 
D)  salts 
E)  nutrients 
A)  plasma proteins 
B)  water 
C)  nitrogenous wastes 
D)  salts 
E)  nutrients A

Question 4

How are excretion and defecation alike?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both are carried out by the urinary system. 
B)  Both eliminate waste from the body. 
C)  Both are carried out by the digestive system. 
D)  Both involve the kidneys. 
E)  Both involve the colon. 
A)  Both are carried out by the urinary system. 
B)  Both eliminate waste from the body. 
C)  Both are carried out by the digestive system. 
D)  Both involve the kidneys. 
E)  Both involve the colon.

Question 5

Which of the following is not a metabolic waste product?

Accepted Answer

A)  urea 
B)  erythropoietin 
C)  ammonia 
D)  creatinine 
E)  uric acid 
A)  urea 
B)  erythropoietin 
C)  ammonia 
D)  creatinine 
E)  uric acid

Question 6

How is penicillin removed from the blood?

Accepted Answer

A)  glomerular filtration 
B)  tubular secretion 
C)  tubular reabsorption 
D)  phagocytosis 
E)  passive transport 
A)  glomerular filtration 
B)  tubular secretion 
C)  tubular reabsorption 
D)  phagocytosis 
E)  passive transport

Question 7

Which part of the nephron contains podocytes?

Accepted Answer

A)  distal convoluted tubule 
B)  proximal convoluted tubule 
C)  ascending limb of loop 
D)  descending limb of loop 
E)  glomerular capsule 
A)  distal convoluted tubule 
B)  proximal convoluted tubule 
C)  ascending limb of loop 
D)  descending limb of loop 
E)  glomerular capsule

Question 8

Why do water and small molecules move from the glomerulus into the filtrate?

Accepted Answer

A)  diffusion down the concentration gradient 
B)  glomerular blood pressure 
C)  active transport 
D)  secretion 
E)  diffusion against the concentration gradient 
A)  diffusion down the concentration gradient 
B)  glomerular blood pressure 
C)  active transport 
D)  secretion 
E)  diffusion against the concentration gradient

Question 9

Each nephron has its own collecting duct.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

What are the two ways substances are removed from the blood and added to the forming urine?

Accepted Answer

A)  glomerular filtration and tubular secretion 
B)  glomerular filtration and tubular reabsorption 
C)  tubular secretion and tubular reabsorption 
D)  glomerular secretion and tubular reabsorption 
E)  glomerular secretion and tubular secretion 
A)  glomerular filtration and tubular secretion 
B)  glomerular filtration and tubular reabsorption 
C)  tubular secretion and tubular reabsorption 
D)  glomerular secretion and tubular reabsorption 
E)  glomerular secretion and tubular secretion

Question 11

Explain the three steps involved in urine formation.

Accepted Answer

1. Glomerular filtration: water, salts,

Question 12

Which substance is removed from the blood during tubular secretion?

Accepted Answer

A)  H+ 
B)  Na+ 
C)  Aldosterone 
D)  water 
E)  Cl- 
A)  H+ 
B)  Na+ 
C)  Aldosterone 
D)  water 
E)  Cl-

Question 13

The urethra is controlled by two sphincters, one composed of smooth muscle and one composed of skeletal muscle.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The kidneys are much more powerful than the acid-base buffer and the respiratory center mechanisms in controlling blood pH.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The urethra in females is much longer than in males.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The kidneys interact with every other organ system of the human body in maintaining homeostasis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

How many openings (inputs and outputs) are there in the urinary bladder?

Accepted Answer

A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  three 
D)  four 
E)  five 
A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  three 
D)  four 
E)  five

Question 18

What are the walls of a ureter composed of?

Accepted Answer

A)  skeletal muscle and mucous membrane 
B)  mucous membrane and fibrous connective tissue 
C)  mucous membrane, smooth muscle, and fibrous connective tissue 
D)  skeletal muscle, fibrous connective tissue, and cartilage 
E)  fibrous connective tissue, cartilage, and mucous membrane 
A)  skeletal muscle and mucous membrane 
B)  mucous membrane and fibrous connective tissue 
C)  mucous membrane, smooth muscle, and fibrous connective tissue 
D)  skeletal muscle, fibrous connective tissue, and cartilage 
E)  fibrous connective tissue, cartilage, and mucous membrane

Question 19

Parts of the nephron are lined with epithelial cells containing large numbers of mitochondria to assist in diffusion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which of the following is not part of a nephron?

Accepted Answer

A)  glomerular capsule 
B)  proximal convoluted tubule 
C)  loop of Henle 
D)  collecting duct 
E)  ureter 
A)  glomerular capsule 
B)  proximal convoluted tubule 
C)  loop of Henle 
D)  collecting duct 
E)  ureter

Exam 10: Urinary System

What effect does ANH have on renin?

What effect does cellular respiration have on the pH of the blood?

Which of the following particles are not filtered out of the blood in the glomerulus?

How are excretion and defecation alike?

Which of the following is not a metabolic waste product?

How is penicillin removed from the blood?

Which part of the nephron contains podocytes?

Why do water and small molecules move from the glomerulus into the filtrate?

Each nephron has its own collecting duct.

What are the two ways substances are removed from the blood and added to the forming urine?

Explain the three steps involved in urine formation.

Which substance is removed from the blood during tubular secretion?

The urethra is controlled by two sphincters, one composed of smooth muscle and one composed of skeletal muscle.

The kidneys are much more powerful than the acid-base buffer and the respiratory center mechanisms in controlling blood pH.

The urethra in females is much longer than in males.

The kidneys interact with every other organ system of the human body in maintaining homeostasis.

How many openings (inputs and outputs) are there in the urinary bladder?

What are the walls of a ureter composed of?

Parts of the nephron are lined with epithelial cells containing large numbers of mitochondria to assist in diffusion.

Which of the following is not part of a nephron?

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