Question 1

This soil,which is frozen most of the time,is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) Inceptisol. 
B) Alfisol. 
C) Aridisol. 
D) Gelisol. 
E) Mollisol. 
A) Inceptisol. 
B) Alfisol. 
C) Aridisol. 
D) Gelisol. 
E) Mollisol.

Question 2

This soil from the southeastern United States is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) Inceptisol. 
B) Alfisol. 
C) Aridisol. 
D) Ultisol. 
E) Mollisol. 
A) Inceptisol. 
B) Alfisol. 
C) Aridisol. 
D) Ultisol. 
E) Mollisol.

Question 3

Which of the following is true of Mollisols?

Accepted Answer

A) They are commonly found in tropical conditions. 
B) Leaching is excessive in most of these soil types. 
C) They are found in places with seasonal moisture deficits. 
D) Gleization is an important process contributing to their formation. 
A) They are commonly found in tropical conditions. 
B) Leaching is excessive in most of these soil types. 
C) They are found in places with seasonal moisture deficits. 
D) Gleization is an important process contributing to their formation.

Question 4

In general,the healthiest soil texture for plants is one in which

Accepted Answer

A) sand dominates,clays are next highest in concentration,and silt has the smallest concentration. 
B) clay dominates,sands are next highest in concentration,and silt has the smallest concentration. 
C) sand dominates,silts are next highest in concentration,and clay has the smallest concentration. 
D) there is a relatively even percentage of sand,silt,and clay. 
A) sand dominates,clays are next highest in concentration,and silt has the smallest concentration. 
B) clay dominates,sands are next highest in concentration,and silt has the smallest concentration. 
C) sand dominates,silts are next highest in concentration,and clay has the smallest concentration. 
D) there is a relatively even percentage of sand,silt,and clay.

Question 5

Liquefaction will generally be most problematic in

Accepted Answer

A) places with Aridisols that lie along hillslopes. 
B) places with Inceptisols that get about the same amount of precipitation throughout the year. 
C) waterlogged,earthquake-prone locations. 
D) places in which vegetation leaves behind an acidic residue. 
A) places with Aridisols that lie along hillslopes. 
B) places with Inceptisols that get about the same amount of precipitation throughout the year. 
C) waterlogged,earthquake-prone locations. 
D) places in which vegetation leaves behind an acidic residue.

Question 6

Compared with soils beneath built-up areas,soils beneath a forested watershed will generally

Accepted Answer

A) reduce surface runoff. 
B) become compacted more quickly. 
C) be more likely to flood. 
D) be more likely to shrink and swell. 
A) reduce surface runoff. 
B) become compacted more quickly. 
C) be more likely to flood. 
D) be more likely to shrink and swell.

Question 7

Soils that have a blocky structure

Accepted Answer

A) are usually difficult to plow. 
B) come apart in fragments that are taller than they are wide. 
C) do not break apart into peds. 
D) consist of grains that do not stick together. 
A) are usually difficult to plow. 
B) come apart in fragments that are taller than they are wide. 
C) do not break apart into peds. 
D) consist of grains that do not stick together.

Question 8

Which of the following soils would probably have the lowest permeability?

Accepted Answer

A) Loosely cemented sandy soils 
B) Clay-rich soil in an uninhabited area 
C) Clay-rich soil being used as cattle pasture 
D) Loam 
A) Loosely cemented sandy soils 
B) Clay-rich soil in an uninhabited area 
C) Clay-rich soil being used as cattle pasture 
D) Loam

Question 9

What horizon is most prevalent in this Inceptisol?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) O 
E) E 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) O 
E) E

Question 10

Why are there no well-defined horizons in this soil profile?

Accepted Answer

A) It is usually frozen 
B) The area was recently covered by an ocean 
C) Abundant leaf litter covers the surface 
D) A volcano recently erupted in the area 
E) It was recently deposited in a landslide 
A) It is usually frozen 
B) The area was recently covered by an ocean 
C) Abundant leaf litter covers the surface 
D) A volcano recently erupted in the area 
E) It was recently deposited in a landslide

Question 11

The most common soil type on Earth is

Accepted Answer

A) Entisols. 
B) Andisols. 
C) Ultisols. 
D) Mollisols. 
A) Entisols. 
B) Andisols. 
C) Ultisols. 
D) Mollisols.

Question 12

Soils composed mostly of primary minerals will tend to have a higher percentage of ________ and a lower percentage of ________ than soils composed mostly of secondary minerals.

Accepted Answer

A) sand; clay 
B) clay; silt 
C) silt; sand 
D) clay; sand 
A) sand; clay 
B) clay; silt 
C) silt; sand 
D) clay; sand

Question 13

In general,compared with soils on gentle slopes,soils on steep slopes will tend to be

Accepted Answer

A) better developed. 
B) more clayey. 
C) more easily eroded. 
D) more acidic. 
A) better developed. 
B) more clayey. 
C) more easily eroded. 
D) more acidic.

Question 14

The climatic features that tend to be most important in forming Aridisols include

Accepted Answer

A) nearby warm ocean currents on the air masses in the area. 
B) descending air and high pressure. 
C) the intertropical convergence zone for at least part of the year. 
D) monsoon circulation. 
A) nearby warm ocean currents on the air masses in the area. 
B) descending air and high pressure. 
C) the intertropical convergence zone for at least part of the year. 
D) monsoon circulation.

Question 15

The absence of a layered structure in the soil pictured below occurs because

Accepted Answer

A) leaching is so strong that it removes the distinguishing features of each layer. 
B) swelling as the soil absorbs water and shrinking as it dries out removes the horizonation. 
C) calcification has caused caliche to be left behind in all of the horizons. 
D) volcanic ash has penetrated very deeply beneath the surface in this soil type. 
A) leaching is so strong that it removes the distinguishing features of each layer. 
B) swelling as the soil absorbs water and shrinking as it dries out removes the horizonation. 
C) calcification has caused caliche to be left behind in all of the horizons. 
D) volcanic ash has penetrated very deeply beneath the surface in this soil type.

Question 16

The material in this soil is glacially-derived colluvium.What soil order does it belong to?

Accepted Answer

A) Inceptisols 
B) Alfisols 
C) Aridisols 
D) Gelisols 
E) Mollisols 
A) Inceptisols 
B) Alfisols 
C) Aridisols 
D) Gelisols 
E) Mollisols

Question 17

In the diagram below,the yellow area represents

Accepted Answer

A) primary silicate minerals. 
B) secondary silicate minerals. 
A) primary silicate minerals. 
B) secondary silicate minerals.

Question 18

A major danger of soils that become too acidic is that

Accepted Answer

A) solifluction becomes a bigger danger. 
B) soils can become calcified more easily,especially in coastal environments. 
C) the harmful effects of heavy metal pollutants become magnified. 
D) crops that grow on them become more sensitive to cold temperatures. 
A) solifluction becomes a bigger danger. 
B) soils can become calcified more easily,especially in coastal environments. 
C) the harmful effects of heavy metal pollutants become magnified. 
D) crops that grow on them become more sensitive to cold temperatures.

Question 19

The primary source of nutrients for plants is found in the ________ horizon.

Accepted Answer

A) O 
B) A 
C) E 
D) B 
A) O 
B) A 
C) E 
D) B

Question 20

The most direct and fundamental relationship between overgrazing and soil erosion is that

Accepted Answer

A) overgrazing leads to soil compaction. 
B) overgrazing increases that amount of suspended particles in the air. 
C) overgrazing causes eutrophication. 
D) overgrazing leads to the loss of vegetation. 
A) overgrazing leads to soil compaction. 
B) overgrazing increases that amount of suspended particles in the air. 
C) overgrazing causes eutrophication. 
D) overgrazing leads to the loss of vegetation.

This soil,which is frozen most of the time,is a(n)

This soil from the southeastern United States is a(n)

Which of the following is true of Mollisols?

In general,the healthiest soil texture for plants is one in which

Liquefaction will generally be most problematic in

Compared with soils beneath built-up areas,soils beneath a forested watershed will generally

Soils that have a blocky structure

Which of the following soils would probably have the lowest permeability?

What horizon is most prevalent in this Inceptisol?

Why are there no well-defined horizons in this soil profile?

The most common soil type on Earth is

Soils composed mostly of primary minerals will tend to have a higher percentage of and a lower percentage of than soils composed mostly of secondary minerals.

In general,compared with soils on gentle slopes,soils on steep slopes will tend to be

The climatic features that tend to be most important in forming Aridisols include

The absence of a layered structure in the soil pictured below occurs because

The material in this soil is glacially-derived colluvium.What soil order does it belong to?

In the diagram below,the yellow area represents

A major danger of soils that become too acidic is that

The primary source of nutrients for plants is found in the ________ horizon.

The most direct and fundamental relationship between overgrazing and soil erosion is that

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Exam 16: Soils

This soil,which is frozen most of the time,is a(n)

This soil from the southeastern United States is a(n)

Which of the following is true of Mollisols?

In general,the healthiest soil texture for plants is one in which

Liquefaction will generally be most problematic in

Compared with soils beneath built-up areas,soils beneath a forested watershed will generally

Soils that have a blocky structure

Which of the following soils would probably have the lowest permeability?

What horizon is most prevalent in this Inceptisol?

Why are there no well-defined horizons in this soil profile?

The most common soil type on Earth is

Soils composed mostly of primary minerals will tend to have a higher percentage of ________ and a lower percentage of ________ than soils composed mostly of secondary minerals.

In general,compared with soils on gentle slopes,soils on steep slopes will tend to be

The climatic features that tend to be most important in forming Aridisols include

The absence of a layered structure in the soil pictured below occurs because

The material in this soil is glacially-derived colluvium.What soil order does it belong to?

In the diagram below,the yellow area represents

A major danger of soils that become too acidic is that

The primary source of nutrients for plants is found in the ________ horizon.

The most direct and fundamental relationship between overgrazing and soil erosion is that

The Nature of Physical Geography

Energy and Matter in the Atmosphere

Atmospheric Motion

Atmospheric Moisture

Weather Systems and Severe Weather

Atmosphere-Ocean-Cryosphere Interactions

Climates Around the World

Water Resources

Understanding Landscapes

Plate Tectonics and Regional Features

Volcanoes,deformation,and Earthquakes

Weathering and Mass Wasting

Streams and Flooding

Glaciers and Glacial Landforms

Coasts and Changing Sea Levels

Ecosystems and Biogeochemical Cycles

Biomes

Filters

Soils composed mostly of primary minerals will tend to have a higher percentage of and a lower percentage of than soils composed mostly of secondary minerals.