Question 1

In order to provide an early warning system,which of the following is LEAST helpful in trying to predict a tsunami?

Accepted Answer

A) world-wide seismic networks that broadcast warnings based on an earthquake's potential for generating a tsunami 
B) deploying warning buoys to detect small changes in sea level 
C) monitoring earthquakes on land 
D) considering the tectonic setting and type of plate boundary that is nearby 
A) world-wide seismic networks that broadcast warnings based on an earthquake's potential for generating a tsunami 
B) deploying warning buoys to detect small changes in sea level 
C) monitoring earthquakes on land 
D) considering the tectonic setting and type of plate boundary that is nearby

Question 2

Which of the following types of faults does NOT generate earthquakes?

Accepted Answer

A) normal fault 
B) reverse fault 
C) thrust fault 
D) strike-slip fault 
E) all types of faults can generate earthquakes 
A) normal fault 
B) reverse fault 
C) thrust fault 
D) strike-slip fault 
E) all types of faults can generate earthquakes

Question 3

This photograph from the 1964 Alaskan earthquake shows a white area of seafloor that was uplifted during the event.What does this observation specifically suggest about how the earthquake might cause damage?

Accepted Answer

A) areas on land could be affected by liquefaction 
B) areas on land could experience landslides 
C) this earthquake could have caused a tsunami because it offset the seafloor 
D) the earthquake could have caused fires because it released sulfur-dioxide gas 
A) areas on land could be affected by liquefaction 
B) areas on land could experience landslides 
C) this earthquake could have caused a tsunami because it offset the seafloor 
D) the earthquake could have caused fires because it released sulfur-dioxide gas

Question 4

This model of flow within Earth predicts that:

Accepted Answer

A) subducted plates pile up on the core-mantle boundary 
B) material rises near the core-mantle boundary 
C) cold material is more dense and sinks 
D) hot material is less dense and rises 
E) all of these 
A) subducted plates pile up on the core-mantle boundary 
B) material rises near the core-mantle boundary 
C) cold material is more dense and sinks 
D) hot material is less dense and rises 
E) all of these

Question 5

Which of the following cannot cause a tsunami?

Accepted Answer

A) faulting 
B) an underwater landslide 
C) a volcanic eruption 
D) a strike-slip fault on land 
E) all of these can cause a tsunami 
A) faulting 
B) an underwater landslide 
C) a volcanic eruption 
D) a strike-slip fault on land 
E) all of these can cause a tsunami

Question 6

What type of evidence was used in the Investigation to locate where the earthquake occurred?

Accepted Answer

A) photographs showing the amount of damage in different places 
B) newspaper accounts of where buildings were destroyed 
C) newspaper accounts recording eyewitness observations 
D) seismograms from three stations 
E) all of these 
A) photographs showing the amount of damage in different places 
B) newspaper accounts of where buildings were destroyed 
C) newspaper accounts recording eyewitness observations 
D) seismograms from three stations 
E) all of these

Question 7

The density profile across a buried streambed suggests that:

Accepted Answer

A) materials in the streambed are less dense than underlying materials 
B) the uppermost layer in the streambed has the lowest density 
C) the channel has a steep side and a gentle side 
D) all of these 
A) materials in the streambed are less dense than underlying materials 
B) the uppermost layer in the streambed has the lowest density 
C) the channel has a steep side and a gentle side 
D) all of these

Question 8

What is illustrated by this figure?

Accepted Answer

A) stress consistently increases through time 
B) stress consistently decreases through time 
C) as stress increases,the fault strength increases 
D) stress increases until it matches the strength of the fault,and then stress decreases 
A) stress consistently increases through time 
B) stress consistently decreases through time 
C) as stress increases,the fault strength increases 
D) stress increases until it matches the strength of the fault,and then stress decreases

Question 9

Which of the following was NOT associated with the Alaskan earthquake of 1964?

Accepted Answer

A) destruction of houses when a layer of weak clay liquefied 
B) landslides generated from steep mountainsides 
C) sinking of some downtown buildings by several meters 
D) a tsunami that killed people in Oregon and California 
E) a large strike-slip fault 
A) destruction of houses when a layer of weak clay liquefied 
B) landslides generated from steep mountainsides 
C) sinking of some downtown buildings by several meters 
D) a tsunami that killed people in Oregon and California 
E) a large strike-slip fault

Question 10

What location on the surface would provide easily gathered information about what is below the surface,without using expensive machines?

Accepted Answer

A) mine dump at A 
B) mine dump at A and rocky hill at B 
C) rocky hill at B and stream channel at C 
D) mine dump at A and stream channel at C 
E) none of these 
A) mine dump at A 
B) mine dump at A and rocky hill at B 
C) rocky hill at B and stream channel at C 
D) mine dump at A and stream channel at C 
E) none of these

Question 11

Most large earthquakes on subduction zones occur because of:

Accepted Answer

A) warming of cold oceanic crust 
B) melting of cold oceanic crust 
C) melting of the mantle 
D) energy released in erupting volcanoes 
E) faulting along the plate boundary 
A) warming of cold oceanic crust 
B) melting of cold oceanic crust 
C) melting of the mantle 
D) energy released in erupting volcanoes 
E) faulting along the plate boundary

Question 12

The highest death tolls from earthquakes are generally due to:

Accepted Answer

A) people living in areas with high risks for earthquakes 
B) high population densities 
C) substandard construction practices 
D) all of these 
A) people living in areas with high risks for earthquakes 
B) high population densities 
C) substandard construction practices 
D) all of these

Question 13

On this map of South America and adjacent areas,which site would have earthquakes related to plate divergence?

Accepted Answer

A) 1,the oceanic trench 
B) 2,below the magmatic belt 
C) 3,along a passive margin 
D) 4,in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean 
E) both 1 and 2 
A) 1,the oceanic trench 
B) 2,below the magmatic belt 
C) 3,along a passive margin 
D) 4,in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean 
E) both 1 and 2

Question 14

The refracted wave shown in the diagram has passed into a material that caused it to:

Accepted Answer

A) slow down 
B) speed up 
C) travel the same speed but rise toward the surface 
D) rise toward the source of the earthquake 
A) slow down 
B) speed up 
C) travel the same speed but rise toward the surface 
D) rise toward the source of the earthquake

Question 15

In the map to the right,areas of significant earthquake risk are shaded.Most high risk areas will be located:

Accepted Answer

A) next to the oceans 
B) in mountainous areas 
C) near a boundary between tectonic plates 
D) near volcanoes 
E) in the center of continents 
A) next to the oceans 
B) in mountainous areas 
C) near a boundary between tectonic plates 
D) near volcanoes 
E) in the center of continents

Question 16

What is the tectonic setting of the large 2011 Tohuku earthquake in Japan?

Accepted Answer

A) slip along a transform fault that cuts through Japan 
B) slip along a transform fault that is just offshore to the north 
C) rifting in the Sea of Japan,west of the island 
D) slip along a subduction zone (megathrust) 
A) slip along a transform fault that cuts through Japan 
B) slip along a transform fault that is just offshore to the north 
C) rifting in the Sea of Japan,west of the island 
D) slip along a subduction zone (megathrust)

Question 17

How would this diagram change if the seismic station was farther from the earthquake?

Accepted Answer

A) the P-waves would arrive later 
B) the S-waves would arrive later 
C) there would be a larger gap between the arrives of the P- and S-waves 
D) all of these 
A) the P-waves would arrive later 
B) the S-waves would arrive later 
C) there would be a larger gap between the arrives of the P- and S-waves 
D) all of these

Question 18

When do rocks along a fault have the highest amount of stress and stored elastic strain?

Accepted Answer

A) right before an earthquake 
B) right after an earthquake 
C) several weeks or months after an earthquake 
D) none of these because rocks cannot behave in an elastic manner 
A) right before an earthquake 
B) right after an earthquake 
C) several weeks or months after an earthquake 
D) none of these because rocks cannot behave in an elastic manner

Question 19

The diagram on the right shows data from a single earthquake plotted on a diagram that shows the mathematical relationship between distance,magnitude,and S-wave amplitude.What do these data show?

Accepted Answer

A) the distance between stations WUAZ and DUG is 680 km 
B) station ISCO is 22 km from the earthquake epicenter 
C) the local magnitude of the earthquake recorded by these three stations is 4.1 MI 
D) station DUG was closest to the earthquake 
A) the distance between stations WUAZ and DUG is 680 km 
B) station ISCO is 22 km from the earthquake epicenter 
C) the local magnitude of the earthquake recorded by these three stations is 4.1 MI 
D) station DUG was closest to the earthquake

Question 20

Which of the following does NOT help explain why refraction causes some seismic waves to return toward Earth's surface?

Accepted Answer

A) steeply descending rays get refracted to shallower angles as they encounter faster materials at depth 
B) rising rays refract upward as they encounter slower and slower material 
C) the seismic waves encounter materials with different properties,including density 
D) steeply descending rays encounter the liquid core and reflect back to the surface 
A) steeply descending rays get refracted to shallower angles as they encounter faster materials at depth 
B) rising rays refract upward as they encounter slower and slower material 
C) the seismic waves encounter materials with different properties,including density 
D) steeply descending rays encounter the liquid core and reflect back to the surface

In order to provide an early warning system,which of the following is LEAST helpful in trying to predict a tsunami?

Which of the following types of faults does NOT generate earthquakes?

This photograph from the 1964 Alaskan earthquake shows a white area of seafloor that was uplifted during the event.What does this observation specifically suggest about how the earthquake might cause damage?

This model of flow within Earth predicts that:

Which of the following cannot cause a tsunami?

What type of evidence was used in the Investigation to locate where the earthquake occurred?

The density profile across a buried streambed suggests that:

What is illustrated by this figure?

Which of the following was NOT associated with the Alaskan earthquake of 1964?

What location on the surface would provide easily gathered information about what is below the surface,without using expensive machines?

Most large earthquakes on subduction zones occur because of:

The highest death tolls from earthquakes are generally due to:

On this map of South America and adjacent areas,which site would have earthquakes related to plate divergence?

The refracted wave shown in the diagram has passed into a material that caused it to: $The refracted wave shown in the diagram has passed into a material that caused it to:$

In the map to the right,areas of significant earthquake risk are shaded.Most high risk areas will be located:

What is the tectonic setting of the large 2011 Tohuku earthquake in Japan?

How would this diagram change if the seismic station was farther from the earthquake?

When do rocks along a fault have the highest amount of stress and stored elastic strain?

The diagram on the right shows data from a single earthquake plotted on a diagram that shows the mathematical relationship between distance,magnitude,and S-wave amplitude.What do these data show?

Which of the following does NOT help explain why refraction causes some seismic waves to return toward Earth's surface? $Which of the following does NOT help explain why refraction causes some seismic waves to return toward Earth's surface?$

The Nature of Geology

Investigating Geologic Questions

Plate Tectonics

Earth Materials

Igneous Environments

Volcanoes and Volcanic Hazards

Sedimentary Environments and Rocks

Deformation and Metamorphism

Geologic Time

The Seafloor and Continental Margins

Mountains, basins, and Continents

Climate, weather, and Their Influences on Geology

Glaciers, shorelines, and Changing Sea Levels

Weathering, soil, and Unstable Slopes

Streams and Flooding

Water Resources

Energy and Mineral Resources

Geology of the Solar System

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Exam 12: Earthquakes and Earths Interior

In order to provide an early warning system,which of the following is LEAST helpful in trying to predict a tsunami?

Which of the following types of faults does NOT generate earthquakes?

This photograph from the 1964 Alaskan earthquake shows a white area of seafloor that was uplifted during the event.What does this observation specifically suggest about how the earthquake might cause damage?

This model of flow within Earth predicts that:

Which of the following cannot cause a tsunami?

What type of evidence was used in the Investigation to locate where the earthquake occurred?

The density profile across a buried streambed suggests that:

What is illustrated by this figure?

Which of the following was NOT associated with the Alaskan earthquake of 1964?

What location on the surface would provide easily gathered information about what is below the surface,without using expensive machines?

Most large earthquakes on subduction zones occur because of:

The highest death tolls from earthquakes are generally due to:

On this map of South America and adjacent areas,which site would have earthquakes related to plate divergence?

The refracted wave shown in the diagram has passed into a material that caused it to:

In the map to the right,areas of significant earthquake risk are shaded.Most high risk areas will be located:

What is the tectonic setting of the large 2011 Tohuku earthquake in Japan?

How would this diagram change if the seismic station was farther from the earthquake?

When do rocks along a fault have the highest amount of stress and stored elastic strain?

The diagram on the right shows data from a single earthquake plotted on a diagram that shows the mathematical relationship between distance,magnitude,and S-wave amplitude.What do these data show?

Which of the following does NOT help explain why refraction causes some seismic waves to return toward Earth's surface?

The Nature of Geology

Investigating Geologic Questions

Plate Tectonics

Earth Materials

Igneous Environments

Volcanoes and Volcanic Hazards

Sedimentary Environments and Rocks

Deformation and Metamorphism

Geologic Time

The Seafloor and Continental Margins

Mountains, basins, and Continents

Climate, weather, and Their Influences on Geology

Glaciers, shorelines, and Changing Sea Levels

Weathering, soil, and Unstable Slopes

Streams and Flooding

Water Resources

Energy and Mineral Resources

Geology of the Solar System

Filters

The refracted wave shown in the diagram has passed into a material that caused it to: $The refracted wave shown in the diagram has passed into a material that caused it to:$

Which of the following does NOT help explain why refraction causes some seismic waves to return toward Earth's surface? $Which of the following does NOT help explain why refraction causes some seismic waves to return toward Earth's surface?$