Question 1

The southern San Andreas fault near Los Angeles is considered a candidate for a major earthquake because:

Accepted Answer

A) it moved fairly recently during the Northridge earthquake and so is ready to move again 
B) it is a divergent plate boundary 
C) magma is rising along the fault and heating it up 
D) this segment of the fault has not moved for more than 100 years 
A) it moved fairly recently during the Northridge earthquake and so is ready to move again 
B) it is a divergent plate boundary 
C) magma is rising along the fault and heating it up 
D) this segment of the fault has not moved for more than 100 years

Question 2

A seismic wave is refracted to a steeper angle when it:

Accepted Answer

A) passes from a slower material into a faster one 
B) passes from a faster material into a slower one 
C) keeps going at the same speed but is getting deeper 
D) passes from a solid to a liquid 
A) passes from a slower material into a faster one 
B) passes from a faster material into a slower one 
C) keeps going at the same speed but is getting deeper 
D) passes from a solid to a liquid

Question 3

Which of the following can cause extensive damage well after the ground shaking associated with an earthquake stops?

Accepted Answer

A) tsunami 
B) fire 
C) flooding from subsidence or failure of dams 
D) all of these 
A) tsunami 
B) fire 
C) flooding from subsidence or failure of dams 
D) all of these

Question 4

On this map of southeastern Asia and adjacent areas,which site would have earthquakes along a mid-ocean ridge?

Accepted Answer

A) 1,in the Indian Ocean 
B) 2,in Tibet 
C) 3,near Japan 
D) 4,near the Tonga island arc 
A) 1,in the Indian Ocean 
B) 2,in Tibet 
C) 3,near Japan 
D) 4,near the Tonga island arc

Question 5

What types of information can be gained from trenches dug across a fault?

Accepted Answer

A) the offset of layers of sediment and soil 
B) samples of charcoal to date by carbon-14 
C) layers of carbon-rich peat,which can be dated by carbon-14 
D) all of these 
A) the offset of layers of sediment and soil 
B) samples of charcoal to date by carbon-14 
C) layers of carbon-rich peat,which can be dated by carbon-14 
D) all of these

Question 6

Which of the following features was most likely the cause of the earthquake in the Investigation?

Accepted Answer

A) oceanic trench 
B) collapse of hills along the shoreline 
C) faulting along a line of cliffs 
D) a landslide off Red Mesa 
E) earthquakes from within Lava Mountain 
A) oceanic trench 
B) collapse of hills along the shoreline 
C) faulting along a line of cliffs 
D) a landslide off Red Mesa 
E) earthquakes from within Lava Mountain

Question 7

If an area has shallow,intermediate,and deep earthquakes,what can you infer about the area?

Accepted Answer

A) it is near a subduction zone 
B) the shallow earthquakes will be closer to the trench than deeper ones 
C) the depth pattern of earthquakes can be used to determine which way the slab is inclined 
D) this area has the potential for large earthquakes 
E) all of these 
A) it is near a subduction zone 
B) the shallow earthquakes will be closer to the trench than deeper ones 
C) the depth pattern of earthquakes can be used to determine which way the slab is inclined 
D) this area has the potential for large earthquakes 
E) all of these

Question 8

On this map of South America and adjacent areas,which site would have the deepest earthquakes?

Accepted Answer

A) 1,the oceanic trench 
B) 2,below the magmatic belt 
C) 3,along a passive margin 
D) 4,in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean 
E) both 1 and 2 
A) 1,the oceanic trench 
B) 2,below the magmatic belt 
C) 3,along a passive margin 
D) 4,in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean 
E) both 1 and 2

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT true about some segments of the San Andreas fault?

Accepted Answer

A) Much of the northern San Andreas fault moved during the 1906 San Francisco earthquake. 
B) Some segments of the fault creep slowly rather than storing up large amounts of energy. 
C) Some segments of the fault produce moderate-sized earthquakes every couple of decades. 
D) The fault has strike-slip motion,so the area west of the fault could fall into the sea. 
E) One part of the fault has not moved for more than 100 years. 
A) Much of the northern San Andreas fault moved during the 1906 San Francisco earthquake. 
B) Some segments of the fault creep slowly rather than storing up large amounts of energy. 
C) Some segments of the fault produce moderate-sized earthquakes every couple of decades. 
D) The fault has strike-slip motion,so the area west of the fault could fall into the sea. 
E) One part of the fault has not moved for more than 100 years.

Question 10

What likely caused much of the damage shown in this photograph in the 1906 San Francisco earthquake?

Accepted Answer

A) a breakdown in the computerized warning system 
B) a tsunami 
C) fires that broke out after the earthquake 
D) ground ruptures,cracks,and fissures 
A) a breakdown in the computerized warning system 
B) a tsunami 
C) fires that broke out after the earthquake 
D) ground ruptures,cracks,and fissures

Question 11

The huge 1964 Alaskan earthquake,one of the largest earthquakes ever recorded,was caused by:

Accepted Answer

A) rupture on a long segment of a strike-slip fault 
B) normal faulting on an ancient fault zone in the crust 
C) thrusting along a subduction zone (megathrust) 
D) an underwater landslide that caused a tsunami 
E) a volcanic eruption on Augustine volcano 
A) rupture on a long segment of a strike-slip fault 
B) normal faulting on an ancient fault zone in the crust 
C) thrusting along a subduction zone (megathrust) 
D) an underwater landslide that caused a tsunami 
E) a volcanic eruption on Augustine volcano

Question 12

On this map of southeastern Asia and adjacent areas,which site would have earthquakes along a subduction zone?

Accepted Answer

A) 1,in the Indian Ocean 
B) 2,in Tibet 
C) 3,near Japan 
D) 4,near the Tonga island arc 
E) 3 and 4 
A) 1,in the Indian Ocean 
B) 2,in Tibet 
C) 3,near Japan 
D) 4,near the Tonga island arc 
E) 3 and 4

Question 13

The cause of the P-wave shadow zone includes:

Accepted Answer

A) P-waves are converted to S-waves,which cannot travel through the core 
B) some P-waves are refracted upward before they reach this zone 
C) some P-waves are refracted inward into the core,through which they cannot travel 
D) the P-waves travel curved paths and are prevented from reaching the core-mantle boundary 
E) all of these 
A) P-waves are converted to S-waves,which cannot travel through the core 
B) some P-waves are refracted upward before they reach this zone 
C) some P-waves are refracted inward into the core,through which they cannot travel 
D) the P-waves travel curved paths and are prevented from reaching the core-mantle boundary 
E) all of these

Question 14

What is true about the earthquakes on this figure (at points A and B)?

Accepted Answer

A) for each earthquake,the epicenter and hypocenter are located close together 
B) neither earthquake is related to the volcano 
C) an eruption makes loud noises but not seismic waves 
D) landslides cause death but not seismic waves 
A) for each earthquake,the epicenter and hypocenter are located close together 
B) neither earthquake is related to the volcano 
C) an eruption makes loud noises but not seismic waves 
D) landslides cause death but not seismic waves

Question 15

Which of the following is a characteristic of P-waves?

Accepted Answer

A) They compress and then expand the rock in the direction the wave travels. 
B) They are generated near the surface and only compress the rock as they travel. 
C) They travel slower than other seismic waves. 
D) They displace the rock back and forth in a direction that is perpendicular to their travel direction. 
E) They cannot be recorded on seismographs. 
A) They compress and then expand the rock in the direction the wave travels. 
B) They are generated near the surface and only compress the rock as they travel. 
C) They travel slower than other seismic waves. 
D) They displace the rock back and forth in a direction that is perpendicular to their travel direction. 
E) They cannot be recorded on seismographs.

Question 16

Which feature might indicate that this area has relatively recent earthquakes?

Accepted Answer

A) a change in topography across the structure 
B) the presence of a fault scarp 
C) the bends in streams 
D) the steam channels on the right side that no longer continue onto the left side 
E) all of these 
A) a change in topography across the structure 
B) the presence of a fault scarp 
C) the bends in streams 
D) the steam channels on the right side that no longer continue onto the left side 
E) all of these

Question 17

If an earthquake occurred near the oceanic trench in this figure,which one of the following hazards is likely to threaten the town of Ashton.

Accepted Answer

A) destruction by a tsunami 
B) liquefaction of soils and other weak materials because of shaking 
C) landslides and other slope failures caused by shaking 
D) all of these 
A) destruction by a tsunami 
B) liquefaction of soils and other weak materials because of shaking 
C) landslides and other slope failures caused by shaking 
D) all of these

Question 18

In the trench pictured to the right,the information most important to a geologist studying a prehistoric earthquake is:

Accepted Answer

A) there are layers of sediment and soil 
B) the sediment is light colored 
C) there is a vertical crack in the trench wall 
D) the layers have been offset a measurable distance across a crack 
A) there are layers of sediment and soil 
B) the sediment is light colored 
C) there is a vertical crack in the trench wall 
D) the layers have been offset a measurable distance across a crack

Question 19

What was the main cause of death associated with the 2004 Indonesian earthquake?

Accepted Answer

A) poor construction of buildings 
B) ground shaking that caused the soil to turn to a liquid 
C) a large ocean wave or tsunami 
D) massive fires along the coast 
A) poor construction of buildings 
B) ground shaking that caused the soil to turn to a liquid 
C) a large ocean wave or tsunami 
D) massive fires along the coast

Question 20

Which of the following is true about tsunamis?

Accepted Answer

A) in deep water they are slow enough that a boat can outrun them 
B) they form a high wall of water when still in deep water 
C) a tsunami can flood areas that are several kilometers inland 
D) all of these 
E) none of these 
A) in deep water they are slow enough that a boat can outrun them 
B) they form a high wall of water when still in deep water 
C) a tsunami can flood areas that are several kilometers inland 
D) all of these 
E) none of these

The southern San Andreas fault near Los Angeles is considered a candidate for a major earthquake because:

A seismic wave is refracted to a steeper angle when it: $A seismic wave is refracted to a steeper angle when it:$

Which of the following can cause extensive damage well after the ground shaking associated with an earthquake stops?

On this map of southeastern Asia and adjacent areas,which site would have earthquakes along a mid-ocean ridge?

What types of information can be gained from trenches dug across a fault?

Which of the following features was most likely the cause of the earthquake in the Investigation?

If an area has shallow,intermediate,and deep earthquakes,what can you infer about the area?

On this map of South America and adjacent areas,which site would have the deepest earthquakes?

Which of the following is NOT true about some segments of the San Andreas fault?

What likely caused much of the damage shown in this photograph in the 1906 San Francisco earthquake?

The huge 1964 Alaskan earthquake,one of the largest earthquakes ever recorded,was caused by:

On this map of southeastern Asia and adjacent areas,which site would have earthquakes along a subduction zone?

The cause of the P-wave shadow zone includes:

What is true about the earthquakes on this figure (at points A and B)?

Which of the following is a characteristic of P-waves?

Which feature might indicate that this area has relatively recent earthquakes?

If an earthquake occurred near the oceanic trench in this figure,which one of the following hazards is likely to threaten the town of Ashton.

In the trench pictured to the right,the information most important to a geologist studying a prehistoric earthquake is:

What was the main cause of death associated with the 2004 Indonesian earthquake?

Which of the following is true about tsunamis?

The Nature of Geology

Investigating Geologic Questions

Plate Tectonics

Earth Materials

Igneous Environments

Volcanoes and Volcanic Hazards

Sedimentary Environments and Rocks

Deformation and Metamorphism

Geologic Time

The Seafloor and Continental Margins

Mountains, basins, and Continents

Climate, weather, and Their Influences on Geology

Glaciers, shorelines, and Changing Sea Levels

Weathering, soil, and Unstable Slopes

Streams and Flooding

Water Resources

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Exam 12: Earthquakes and Earths Interior

The southern San Andreas fault near Los Angeles is considered a candidate for a major earthquake because:

A seismic wave is refracted to a steeper angle when it:

Which of the following can cause extensive damage well after the ground shaking associated with an earthquake stops?

On this map of southeastern Asia and adjacent areas,which site would have earthquakes along a mid-ocean ridge?

What types of information can be gained from trenches dug across a fault?

Which of the following features was most likely the cause of the earthquake in the Investigation?

If an area has shallow,intermediate,and deep earthquakes,what can you infer about the area?

On this map of South America and adjacent areas,which site would have the deepest earthquakes?

Which of the following is NOT true about some segments of the San Andreas fault?

What likely caused much of the damage shown in this photograph in the 1906 San Francisco earthquake?

The huge 1964 Alaskan earthquake,one of the largest earthquakes ever recorded,was caused by:

On this map of southeastern Asia and adjacent areas,which site would have earthquakes along a subduction zone?

The cause of the P-wave shadow zone includes:

What is true about the earthquakes on this figure (at points A and B)?

Which of the following is a characteristic of P-waves?

Which feature might indicate that this area has relatively recent earthquakes?

If an earthquake occurred near the oceanic trench in this figure,which one of the following hazards is likely to threaten the town of Ashton.

In the trench pictured to the right,the information most important to a geologist studying a prehistoric earthquake is:

What was the main cause of death associated with the 2004 Indonesian earthquake?

Which of the following is true about tsunamis?

The Nature of Geology

Investigating Geologic Questions

Plate Tectonics

Earth Materials

Igneous Environments

Volcanoes and Volcanic Hazards

Sedimentary Environments and Rocks

Deformation and Metamorphism

Geologic Time

The Seafloor and Continental Margins

Mountains, basins, and Continents

Climate, weather, and Their Influences on Geology

Glaciers, shorelines, and Changing Sea Levels

Weathering, soil, and Unstable Slopes

Streams and Flooding

Water Resources

Energy and Mineral Resources

Geology of the Solar System

Filters

A seismic wave is refracted to a steeper angle when it: $A seismic wave is refracted to a steeper angle when it:$