Question 1

Which of the following is most responsive to treatment with thyroxine?

Accepted Answer

A)  diabetes mellitus 
B)  hyperglycemia 
C)  myxedema 
D)  Graves' disease 
A)  diabetes mellitus 
B)  hyperglycemia 
C)  myxedema 
D)  Graves' disease

Question 2

Excess secretion of epinephrine

Accepted Answer

A)  relieves anxiety. 
B)  stimulates the synthesis of glycogen. 
C)  elevates blood glucose. 
D)  slows heart rate and lowers blood pressure. 
A)  relieves anxiety. 
B)  stimulates the synthesis of glycogen. 
C)  elevates blood glucose. 
D)  slows heart rate and lowers blood pressure.

Question 3

What is the stimulus for the release of insulin?

Accepted Answer

A)  low plasma levels of calcium 
B)  high plasma levels of potassium 
C)  high plasma levels of glucose 
D)  low blood volume 
A)  low plasma levels of calcium 
B)  high plasma levels of potassium 
C)  high plasma levels of glucose 
D)  low blood volume

Question 4

The islets of Langerhans

Accepted Answer

A)  are cells found in the adenohypophysis. 
B)  secrete insulin and glucagon. 
C)  secrete steroids. 
D)  secrete releasing hormones. 
A)  are cells found in the adenohypophysis. 
B)  secrete insulin and glucagon. 
C)  secrete steroids. 
D)  secrete releasing hormones.

Question 5

Which of the following is least associated with the adrenal medulla?

Accepted Answer

A)  catecholamines 
B)  epinephrine and norepinephrine 
C)  fight or flight 
D)  sugar,salt,and sex 
A)  catecholamines 
B)  epinephrine and norepinephrine 
C)  fight or flight 
D)  sugar,salt,and sex

Question 6

The neurohypophysis

Accepted Answer

A)  is the anterior pituitary gland. 
B)  secretes ACTH,TSH,and the gonadotropins. 
C)  secretes the releasing hormones. 
D)  is the posterior pituitary gland. 
A)  is the anterior pituitary gland. 
B)  secretes ACTH,TSH,and the gonadotropins. 
C)  secretes the releasing hormones. 
D)  is the posterior pituitary gland.

Question 7

Hypocalcemic tetany

Accepted Answer

A)  causes a flaccid paralysis. 
B)  resembles neuromuscular blockade by curare. 
C)  may be caused by a deficiency of PTH. 
D)  is due to a deficiency of insulin. 
A)  causes a flaccid paralysis. 
B)  resembles neuromuscular blockade by curare. 
C)  may be caused by a deficiency of PTH. 
D)  is due to a deficiency of insulin.

Question 8

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)and oxytocin

Accepted Answer

A)  are secreted by the neurohypophysis. 
B)  are mineralocorticoids. 
C)  are secreted by the islets of Langerhans. 
D)  stimulate the kidney to excrete Na+ and water. 
A)  are secreted by the neurohypophysis. 
B)  are mineralocorticoids. 
C)  are secreted by the islets of Langerhans. 
D)  stimulate the kidney to excrete Na+ and water.

Question 9

Obesity

Accepted Answer

A)  antagonizes insulin. 
B)  elevates blood glucose. 
C)  causes Na⁺ and water reabsorption,thereby increasing blood pressure. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  antagonizes insulin. 
B)  elevates blood glucose. 
C)  causes Na⁺ and water reabsorption,thereby increasing blood pressure. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 10

The adenohypophysis

Accepted Answer

A)  secretes ADH and oxytocin. 
B)  refers to the anterior pituitary gland. 
C)  secretes releasing hormones. 
D)  secretes glucocorticoids,mineralocorticoids,and androgens. 
A)  secretes ADH and oxytocin. 
B)  refers to the anterior pituitary gland. 
C)  secretes releasing hormones. 
D)  secretes glucocorticoids,mineralocorticoids,and androgens.

Question 11

Iodine-containing hormones

Accepted Answer

A)  include thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). 
B)  are secreted by the hypothalamus as releasing hormones. 
C)  are steroids. 
D)  regulate metabolic rate. 
A)  include thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). 
B)  are secreted by the hypothalamus as releasing hormones. 
C)  are steroids. 
D)  regulate metabolic rate.

Question 12

Insulin and glucagon

Accepted Answer

A)  are secreted by the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans. 
B)  elevate blood glucose. 
C)  are secreted in response to declining plasma levels of glucose. 
D)  are secreted by the pancreas and are concerned with the regulation of blood glucose. 
A)  are secreted by the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans. 
B)  elevate blood glucose. 
C)  are secreted in response to declining plasma levels of glucose. 
D)  are secreted by the pancreas and are concerned with the regulation of blood glucose.

Question 13

This gland secretes two hormones: one hormone elevates blood glucose and the second hormone decreases blood glucose.

Accepted Answer

A)  adrenal cortex 
B)  adenohypophysis 
C)  thyroid 
D)  pancreas 
A)  adrenal cortex 
B)  adenohypophysis 
C)  thyroid 
D)  pancreas

Question 14

Growth hormone

Accepted Answer

A)  is secreted by the adenohypophysis. 
B)  stimulates growth of the musculoskeletal system. 
C)  is also called somatotropic hormone. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  is secreted by the adenohypophysis. 
B)  stimulates growth of the musculoskeletal system. 
C)  is also called somatotropic hormone. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 15

Kussmaul respirations occur in response to

Accepted Answer

A)  hyperglycemia. 
B)  metabolic acidosis. 
C)  pH:7.48. 
D)  dehydration. 
A)  hyperglycemia. 
B)  metabolic acidosis. 
C)  pH:7.48. 
D)  dehydration.

Question 16

Which of the following is not controlled by a hypothalamic-releasing hormone?

Accepted Answer

A)  ACTH 
B)  ADH 
C)  growth hormone 
D)  prolactin 
A)  ACTH 
B)  ADH 
C)  growth hormone 
D)  prolactin

Question 17

What is the most likely effect of a deficiency of aldosterone?

Accepted Answer

A)  high blood pressure 
B)  low level of potassium in the blood 
C)  low blood volume and hypotension 
D)  goiter formation 
A)  high blood pressure 
B)  low level of potassium in the blood 
C)  low blood volume and hypotension 
D)  goiter formation

Question 18

PTH

Accepted Answer

A)  lowers plasma calcium. 
B)  stimulates osteoclastic activity. 
C)  is an iodine-containing hormone. 
D)  stimulates osteoblastic activity and causes blood calcium to increase. 
A)  lowers plasma calcium. 
B)  stimulates osteoclastic activity. 
C)  is an iodine-containing hormone. 
D)  stimulates osteoblastic activity and causes blood calcium to increase.

Question 19

Which group is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A)  hormones of the anterior pituitary gland:ACTH,prolactin,TSH,growth hormone 
B)  hormones of the posterior pituitary gland:ADH,oxytocin 
C)  steroids:cortisol,aldosterone,testosterone,epinephrine 
D)  secretions of the gonads:estrogen,progesterone,testosterone 
A)  hormones of the anterior pituitary gland:ACTH,prolactin,TSH,growth hormone 
B)  hormones of the posterior pituitary gland:ADH,oxytocin 
C)  steroids:cortisol,aldosterone,testosterone,epinephrine 
D)  secretions of the gonads:estrogen,progesterone,testosterone

Question 20

This gland secretes melatonin and is concerned with our biologic rhythms.

Accepted Answer

A)  pancreas 
B)  adenohypophysis 
C)  pineal gland 
D)  adrenal gland 
A)  pancreas 
B)  adenohypophysis 
C)  pineal gland 
D)  adrenal gland

Exam 14: Endocrine System

Which of the following is most responsive to treatment with thyroxine?

Excess secretion of epinephrine

What is the stimulus for the release of insulin?

The islets of Langerhans

Which of the following is least associated with the adrenal medulla?

The neurohypophysis

Hypocalcemic tetany

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)and oxytocin

Obesity

The adenohypophysis

Iodine-containing hormones

Insulin and glucagon

This gland secretes two hormones: one hormone elevates blood glucose and the second hormone decreases blood glucose.

Growth hormone

Kussmaul respirations occur in response to

Which of the following is not controlled by a hypothalamic-releasing hormone?

What is the most likely effect of a deficiency of aldosterone?

PTH

Which group is incorrect?

This gland secretes melatonin and is concerned with our biologic rhythms.

Introduction to the Human Body

Basic Chemistry

Cells

Cell Metabolism

Microbiology Basics

Tissues and Membranes

Integumentary System and Body Temperature

Skeletal System

Muscular System

Nervous System: Nervous Tissue and Brain

Nervous System: Spinal Cord and Peripheral Nerves

Autonomic Nervous System

Sensory System

Blood

Heart

Function of the Heart

Anatomy of the Blood Vessels

Functions of the Blood Vessels

Lymphatic System

Immune System

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Urinary System

Water,Electrolyte,and Acid-Base Balance

Reproductive Systems

Human Development and Heredity

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