Question 1

When the arterial blood pressure declines to 70/50 mm Hg,

Accepted Answer

A)  GFR decreases. 
B)  diuresis occurs. 
C)  aldosterone secretion decreases. 
D)  ADH secretion diminishes. 
A)  GFR decreases. 
B)  diuresis occurs. 
C)  aldosterone secretion decreases. 
D)  ADH secretion diminishes. A

Question 2

The detrusor muscle is located in the

Accepted Answer

A)  urethra. 
B)  renal pelvis. 
C)  urinary bladder. 
D)  glomeruli. 
A)  urethra. 
B)  renal pelvis. 
C)  urinary bladder. 
D)  glomeruli. C

Question 3

Which of the following should not be found in the glomerular filtrate?

Accepted Answer

A)  albumin 
B)  sodium 
C)  potassium 
D)  water 
A)  albumin 
B)  sodium 
C)  potassium 
D)  water A

Question 4

Which condition is associated with proteinuria?

Accepted Answer

A)  a bladder infection 
B)  urethritis 
C)  glomerular disease 
D)  deficiency of ADH 
A)  a bladder infection 
B)  urethritis 
C)  glomerular disease 
D)  deficiency of ADH

Question 5

This structure is located between the renal pelvis and the urinary bladder.

Accepted Answer

A)  urethra 
B)  trigone 
C)  urinary meatus 
D)  ureter 
A)  urethra 
B)  trigone 
C)  urinary meatus 
D)  ureter

Question 6

The juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA)secretes

Accepted Answer

A)  aldosterone. 
B)  ADH. 
C)  angiotensin. 
D)  renin. 
A)  aldosterone. 
B)  ADH. 
C)  angiotensin. 
D)  renin.

Question 7

The efferent arterioles extend to become the

Accepted Answer

A)  peritubular capillaries. 
B)  afferent arterioles. 
C)  glomeruli. 
D)  renal artery. 
A)  peritubular capillaries. 
B)  afferent arterioles. 
C)  glomeruli. 
D)  renal artery.

Question 8

Which of the following is absorbed across the walls of the collecting duct under the influence of ADH?

Accepted Answer

A)  potassium 
B)  urea 
C)  water 
D)  albumin 
A)  potassium 
B)  urea 
C)  water 
D)  albumin

Question 9

In the process of secretion,a substance moves from the peritubular capillaries into this structure.

Accepted Answer

A)  glomeruli 
B)  calyces 
C)  renal pelvis 
D)  tubules 
A)  glomeruli 
B)  calyces 
C)  renal pelvis 
D)  tubules

Question 10

The proximal convoluted tubules extend to become the

Accepted Answer

A)  peritubular capillaries. 
B)  collecting duct. 
C)  descending limb (loop of Henle). 
D)  glomeruli. 
A)  peritubular capillaries. 
B)  collecting duct. 
C)  descending limb (loop of Henle). 
D)  glomeruli.

Question 11

Which of the following is most likely to cause polyuria?

Accepted Answer

A)  oversecretion of aldosterone 
B)  decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) 
C)  deficiency of ADH 
D)  activation of angiotensinogen 
A)  oversecretion of aldosterone 
B)  decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) 
C)  deficiency of ADH 
D)  activation of angiotensinogen

Question 12

Which condition is characterized by hematuria and pyuria?

Accepted Answer

A)  renal failure 
B)  diuresis 
C)  urinary retention 
D)  cystitis 
A)  renal failure 
B)  diuresis 
C)  urinary retention 
D)  cystitis

Question 13

The urinary tract is lined with

Accepted Answer

A)  serous membrane. 
B)  the renal capsule. 
C)  mucous membrane.
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D)  tubular epithelium. 
A)  serous membrane. 
B)  the renal capsule. 
C)  mucous membrane.
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D)  tubular epithelium.

Question 14

Where does aldosterone exert its effects?

Accepted Answer

A)  glomeruli 
B)  efferent arteriole 
C)  distal convoluted tubule 
D)  ascending limb (loop of Henle) 
A)  glomeruli 
B)  efferent arteriole 
C)  distal convoluted tubule 
D)  ascending limb (loop of Henle)

Question 15

Renal failure causes anemia because of

Accepted Answer

A)  a lack of erythropoietin. 
B)  gross hematuria. 
C)  uremia-induced hemolysis. 
D)  uremia-induced hypokalemia. 
A)  a lack of erythropoietin. 
B)  gross hematuria. 
C)  uremia-induced hemolysis. 
D)  uremia-induced hypokalemia.

Question 16

A drug is classified as a diuretic.Most likely the drug

Accepted Answer

A)  decreases GFR. 
B)  blocks the tubular reabsorption of Na⁺. 
C)  activates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. 
D)  causes the release of ADH. 
A)  decreases GFR. 
B)  blocks the tubular reabsorption of Na⁺. 
C)  activates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. 
D)  causes the release of ADH.

Question 17

What is the meaning of an elevated serum creatinine?

Accepted Answer

A)  The kidneys are making too much creatinine. 
B)  Too much creatinine is being reabsorbed by the peritubular capillaries. 
C)  The kidneys are not filtering creatinine;this is a sign of kidney failure. 
D)  The kidneys are excreting too much urine. 
A)  The kidneys are making too much creatinine. 
B)  Too much creatinine is being reabsorbed by the peritubular capillaries. 
C)  The kidneys are not filtering creatinine;this is a sign of kidney failure. 
D)  The kidneys are excreting too much urine.

Question 18

Which of the following terms refers to the voluntary expulsion of urine?

Accepted Answer

A)  polyuria 
B)  diuresis 
C)  micturition 
D)  dialysis 
A)  polyuria 
B)  diuresis 
C)  micturition 
D)  dialysis

Question 19

The urinary meatus is a part of the

Accepted Answer

A)  ureter. 
B)  urinary bladder. 
C)  urethra. 
D)  collecting duct. 
A)  ureter. 
B)  urinary bladder. 
C)  urethra. 
D)  collecting duct.

Question 20

ADH

Accepted Answer

A)  is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. 
B)  is a mineralocorticoid that is secreted by the adrenal cortex. 
C)  stimulates the collecting duct to reabsorb water. 
D)  increases GFR. 
A)  is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. 
B)  is a mineralocorticoid that is secreted by the adrenal cortex. 
C)  stimulates the collecting duct to reabsorb water. 
D)  increases GFR.

Exam 24: Urinary System

When the arterial blood pressure declines to 70/50 mm Hg,

The detrusor muscle is located in the

Which of the following should not be found in the glomerular filtrate?

Which condition is associated with proteinuria?

This structure is located between the renal pelvis and the urinary bladder.

The juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA)secretes

The efferent arterioles extend to become the

Which of the following is absorbed across the walls of the collecting duct under the influence of ADH?

In the process of secretion,a substance moves from the peritubular capillaries into this structure.

The proximal convoluted tubules extend to become the

Which of the following is most likely to cause polyuria?

Which condition is characterized by hematuria and pyuria?

The urinary tract is lined with

Where does aldosterone exert its effects?

Renal failure causes anemia because of

A drug is classified as a diuretic.Most likely the drug

What is the meaning of an elevated serum creatinine?

Which of the following terms refers to the voluntary expulsion of urine?

The urinary meatus is a part of the

ADH

Introduction to the Human Body

Basic Chemistry

Cells

Cell Metabolism

Microbiology Basics

Tissues and Membranes

Integumentary System and Body Temperature

Skeletal System

Muscular System

Nervous System: Nervous Tissue and Brain

Nervous System: Spinal Cord and Peripheral Nerves

Autonomic Nervous System

Sensory System

Endocrine System

Blood

Heart

Function of the Heart

Anatomy of the Blood Vessels

Functions of the Blood Vessels

Lymphatic System

Immune System

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Water,Electrolyte,and Acid-Base Balance

Reproductive Systems

Human Development and Heredity

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