Question 1

After exercise, muscle cell glycogen metabolism is regulated by:

Accepted Answer

A)  insulin. 
B)  phosphorylase a. 
C)  glucagon. 
D)  glycogen synthase. 
E)  protein phosphatase 1. 
A)  insulin. 
B)  phosphorylase a. 
C)  glucagon. 
D)  glycogen synthase. 
E)  protein phosphatase 1.

Question 2

The complete oxidation of a glucose residue from glycogen produces ________________ ATP.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The complete oxidation of a glucose residue...

Question 3

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-The protein _______________ serves as the primer used by glycogen synthase.

Accepted Answer

A) UDP-glucose 
B) nonreducing 
C) synthesis 
D) glucose 
E) glycogenin
F)Von Gierke disease
G)glycogen synthase
H)UTP-glucose
I)protein phosphatase 1 (PP1)
J)PPi
K)glycogen phosphate
L)McArdle disease 
A) UDP-glucose 
B) nonreducing 
C) synthesis 
D) glucose 
E) glycogenin
F)Von Gierke disease
G)glycogen synthase
H)UTP-glucose
I)protein phosphatase 1 (PP1)
J)PPi
K)glycogen phosphate
L)McArdle disease

Question 4

Glycogen synthase is converted into the active form by the action of __________________.

Accepted Answer

protein ph

Question 5

There is rare disease in which a critical serine in muscle glycogenin is mutated to alanine, which results in what biochemical outcome?

Accepted Answer

The muscle isoform of glycogen will not

Question 6

At the center of a glycogen molecule is:

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose. 
B)  glycogenin. 
C)  UDP-glucose. 
D)  glycogen synthase. 
E)  glycogen phosphorylase. 
A)  glucose. 
B)  glycogenin. 
C)  UDP-glucose. 
D)  glycogen synthase. 
E)  glycogen phosphorylase.

Question 7

Give the reaction catalyzed by UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase.

Accepted Answer

Glucose 1-

Question 8

Which of the following occur after a carbohydrate-rich meal?

Accepted Answer

A)  Blood-glucose levels increase, leading to glycogen storage in the liver. 
B)  Blood-glucose levels increase, leading to glycogen storage in the muscle. 
C)  Glycogen storage in the muscle shuts down. 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  Blood-glucose levels increase, leading to glycogen storage in the liver. 
B)  Blood-glucose levels increase, leading to glycogen storage in the muscle. 
C)  Glycogen storage in the muscle shuts down. 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 9

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-Hydrolysis of _______________ drives the formation of UDP-glucose.

Accepted Answer

A) UDP-glucose 
B) nonreducing 
C) synthesis 
D) glucose 
E) glycogenin
F)Von Gierke disease
G)glycogen synthase
H)UTP-glucose
I)protein phosphatase 1 (PP1)
J)PPi
K)glycogen phosphate
L)McArdle disease 
A) UDP-glucose 
B) nonreducing 
C) synthesis 
D) glucose 
E) glycogenin
F)Von Gierke disease
G)glycogen synthase
H)UTP-glucose
I)protein phosphatase 1 (PP1)
J)PPi
K)glycogen phosphate
L)McArdle disease

Question 10

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-_______________ is the key regulatory enzyme in glycogen synthesis.

Accepted Answer

A) UDP-glucose 
B) nonreducing 
C) synthesis 
D) glucose 
E) glycogenin
F)Von Gierke disease
G)glycogen synthase
H)UTP-glucose
I)protein phosphatase 1 (PP1)
J)PPi
K)glycogen phosphate
L)McArdle disease 
A) UDP-glucose 
B) nonreducing 
C) synthesis 
D) glucose 
E) glycogenin
F)Von Gierke disease
G)glycogen synthase
H)UTP-glucose
I)protein phosphatase 1 (PP1)
J)PPi
K)glycogen phosphate
L)McArdle disease

Question 11

Insulin stimulates glycogen synthase by inactivating __________________.

Accepted Answer

glycogen s

Question 12

Which enzyme(s) is/are required to synthesize ɑ-1,4-glycosidic bonds in glycogen?

Accepted Answer

A)  glycogen synthase 
B)  UDP-glucose phosphorylase 
C)  branching enzyme 
D)  A and B 
E)  B and C 
A)  glycogen synthase 
B)  UDP-glucose phosphorylase 
C)  branching enzyme 
D)  A and B 
E)  B and C

Question 13

Explain why patients with McArdle disease do not accumulate lactate during light exercise.

Accepted Answer

Their glycolytic rate is lower

Question 14

There is a high __________________-to-insulin ratio in diabetes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of There is a high __________________-to-insulin ratio in...

Question 15

Explain the conversion between both a and b, and R and T forms of phosphorylase.

Accepted Answer

Phosphorylase b is converted to phosphor

Question 16

Type I diabetes leads to ______________ in the liver.

Accepted Answer

A)  increased glucose transport 
B)  increased glycogen synthesis 
C)  a decrease in fructose 2,6-phosphate 
D)  a decrease in gluconeogenesis 
E)  All of the above. 
A)  increased glucose transport 
B)  increased glycogen synthesis 
C)  a decrease in fructose 2,6-phosphate 
D)  a decrease in gluconeogenesis 
E)  All of the above.

Question 17

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-Glycogen _______________ is inhibited by phosphorylase kinase.

Accepted Answer

A) UDP-glucose 
B) nonreducing 
C) synthesis 
D) glucose 
E) glycogenin
F)Von Gierke disease
G)glycogen synthase
H)UTP-glucose
I)protein phosphatase 1 (PP1)
J)PPi
K)glycogen phosphate
L)McArdle disease 
A) UDP-glucose 
B) nonreducing 
C) synthesis 
D) glucose 
E) glycogenin
F)Von Gierke disease
G)glycogen synthase
H)UTP-glucose
I)protein phosphatase 1 (PP1)
J)PPi
K)glycogen phosphate
L)McArdle disease

Question 18

__________________ acts as a "high-energy handle" for biosynthetic reactions, including glygogen synthesis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of __________________ acts as a "high-energy handle" for...

Question 19

Using thermodynamic terms, describe the mechanism by which UDP-glucose is formed.

Accepted Answer

The hydrolysis of PPi and very active an

Question 20

In general, phospho- forms of glycogen synthase lead to ________________ levels of glycogen.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In general, phospho- forms of glycogen synthase...

Exam 25: Glycogen Synthesis

After exercise, muscle cell glycogen metabolism is regulated by:

The complete oxidation of a glucose residue from glycogen produces ________________ ATP.

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -The protein _______________ serves as the primer used by glycogen synthase.

Glycogen synthase is converted into the active form by the action of __________________.

There is rare disease in which a critical serine in muscle glycogenin is mutated to alanine, which results in what biochemical outcome?

At the center of a glycogen molecule is:

Give the reaction catalyzed by UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase.

Which of the following occur after a carbohydrate-rich meal?

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -Hydrolysis of _______________ drives the formation of UDP-glucose.

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -_______________ is the key regulatory enzyme in glycogen synthesis.

Insulin stimulates glycogen synthase by inactivating __________________.

Which enzyme(s) is/are required to synthesize ɑ-1,4-glycosidic bonds in glycogen?

Explain why patients with McArdle disease do not accumulate lactate during light exercise.

There is a high __________________-to-insulin ratio in diabetes.

Explain the conversion between both a and b, and R and T forms of phosphorylase.

Type I diabetes leads to ______________ in the liver.

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -Glycogen _______________ is inhibited by phosphorylase kinase.

__________________ acts as a "high-energy handle" for biosynthetic reactions, including glygogen synthesis.

Using thermodynamic terms, describe the mechanism by which UDP-glucose is formed.

In general, phospho- forms of glycogen synthase lead to ________________ levels of glycogen.

Biochemistry and the Unity of Life

Water, Weak Bonds, and the Generation of Order Out of Chaos

Amino Acids

Protein Three-Dimensional Structure

Techniques in Protein Biochemistry

Basic Concepts of Enzyme Action

Kinetics and Regulation

Mechanisms and Inhibitors

Hemoglobin: an Allosteric Protein

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Membrane Structure and Function

Signal Transduction Pathways

Digestion: Turning a Meal Into Cellular Biochemicals

Metabolism: Basic Concepts and Design

Glycolysis

Gluconeogenesis

Preparation for the Cycle

Harvesting Electrons From the Cycle

The Electron Transport Chain

The Proton-Motive Force

The Light Reactions

The Calvin Cycle

Glycogen Degradation

The Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Fatty Acid Degredation

Fatty Acid Synthesis

Lipid Synthesis

Amino Acid Degradation and the Urea Cycle

Amino Acids Synthesis

Nucleotide Metabolism

The Structure of Informational Macromolecules: Dna and Rna

DNA Replication

DNA Repair and Recombination

RNA Synthesis and Regulation in Prokaryotes

Gene Expression in Eukaryotes

RNA Processing in Eukaryotes

The Genetic Code

The Mechanism of Protein Synthesis

Recombinant DNA Techniques

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