Question 1

What reaction is catalyzed by aldolase?

Accepted Answer

A)  isomerization of DHAP to GAP 
B)  ligation of GAP and DHAP 
C)  reversible cleavage of F-1,6-BP to DHAP and GAP 
D)  cleavage of DHAP to GAP 
E)  irreversible aldol condensation of DHAP and GAP 
A)  isomerization of DHAP to GAP 
B)  ligation of GAP and DHAP 
C)  reversible cleavage of F-1,6-BP to DHAP and GAP 
D)  cleavage of DHAP to GAP 
E)  irreversible aldol condensation of DHAP and GAP

Question 2

Lactose intolerance is caused by a deficiency of:

Accepted Answer

A)  lactase. 
B)  elastase 
C)  lactose. 
D)  sucrase. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  lactase. 
B)  elastase 
C)  lactose. 
D)  sucrase. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 3

Use the following to answer questions
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-An allosteric activator of glycolysis is ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) obligate anaerobes 
B) AMP 
C) pyruvate 
D) NAD+ 
E) glucose
F)UDP-glucose
G)GLUT5
H)facultative anaerobes
I)ATP
J)magnesium
K)galactokinase
L)GLUT2
M)galactose isomerase 
A) obligate anaerobes 
B) AMP 
C) pyruvate 
D) NAD+ 
E) glucose
F)UDP-glucose
G)GLUT5
H)facultative anaerobes
I)ATP
J)magnesium
K)galactokinase
L)GLUT2
M)galactose isomerase

Question 4

Use the following to answer questions
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-The product of aerobic glycolysis is ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) obligate anaerobes 
B) AMP 
C) pyruvate 
D) NAD+ 
E) glucose
F)UDP-glucose
G)GLUT5
H)facultative anaerobes
I)ATP
J)magnesium
K)galactokinase
L)GLUT2
M)galactose isomerase 
A) obligate anaerobes 
B) AMP 
C) pyruvate 
D) NAD+ 
E) glucose
F)UDP-glucose
G)GLUT5
H)facultative anaerobes
I)ATP
J)magnesium
K)galactokinase
L)GLUT2
M)galactose isomerase

Question 5

In the absence of oxygen, ______________ increases the expression of most glycolytic enzymes and the glucose transporters GLUT1 and GLUT3.

Accepted Answer

HIF-1, or

Question 6

At equilibrium, there is far more DHAP than GAP. Yet the conversion of DHAP by triose phosphate isomerase proceeds readily. Why?

Accepted Answer

The GAP formed is immediately

Question 7

Use the following to answer questions
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-____________: These organisms cannot survive in the presence of oxygen.

Accepted Answer

A) obligate anaerobes 
B) AMP 
C) pyruvate 
D) NAD+ 
E) glucose
F)UDP-glucose
G)GLUT5
H)facultative anaerobes
I)ATP
J)magnesium
K)galactokinase
L)GLUT2
M)galactose isomerase 
A) obligate anaerobes 
B) AMP 
C) pyruvate 
D) NAD+ 
E) glucose
F)UDP-glucose
G)GLUT5
H)facultative anaerobes
I)ATP
J)magnesium
K)galactokinase
L)GLUT2
M)galactose isomerase

Question 8

What type of enzyme catalyzes the intramolecular shift of a chemical group?

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrolase 
B)  kinase 
C)  dehydrogenase 
D)  mutase 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  hydrolase 
B)  kinase 
C)  dehydrogenase 
D)  mutase 
E)  None of the above.

Question 9

Use the following to answer questions
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-The transporter that is responsible for fructose uptake in the intestine is ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) obligate anaerobes 
B) AMP 
C) pyruvate 
D) NAD+ 
E) glucose
F)UDP-glucose
G)GLUT5
H)facultative anaerobes
I)ATP
J)magnesium
K)galactokinase
L)GLUT2
M)galactose isomerase 
A) obligate anaerobes 
B) AMP 
C) pyruvate 
D) NAD+ 
E) glucose
F)UDP-glucose
G)GLUT5
H)facultative anaerobes
I)ATP
J)magnesium
K)galactokinase
L)GLUT2
M)galactose isomerase

Question 10

Describe the two isoforms of pyruvate kinase.

Accepted Answer

The two forms, called M and L,

Question 11

Fructose can enter glycolysis at two distinct points, depending on the tissue. How is fructose metabolized in adipose tissue?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fructose is cleaved to two molecules of GAP. 
B)  Fructose is converted to fructose 1-phosphate. 
C)  Fructose is converted to fructose 6-phosphate. 
D)  Fructose is cleaved to GAP and DHAP. 
E)  Fructose is converted to glucose, which enters the pathway. 
A)  Fructose is cleaved to two molecules of GAP. 
B)  Fructose is converted to fructose 1-phosphate. 
C)  Fructose is converted to fructose 6-phosphate. 
D)  Fructose is cleaved to GAP and DHAP. 
E)  Fructose is converted to glucose, which enters the pathway.

Question 12

How is glycolysis maintained under anaerobic conditions?

Accepted Answer

Pyruvate can be reduced to eit

Question 13

Use the following to answer questions
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-The intermediate that is necessary for the conversion of galactose to glucose is ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) obligate anaerobes 
B) AMP 
C) pyruvate 
D) NAD+ 
E) glucose
F)UDP-glucose
G)GLUT5
H)facultative anaerobes
I)ATP
J)magnesium
K)galactokinase
L)GLUT2
M)galactose isomerase 
A) obligate anaerobes 
B) AMP 
C) pyruvate 
D) NAD+ 
E) glucose
F)UDP-glucose
G)GLUT5
H)facultative anaerobes
I)ATP
J)magnesium
K)galactokinase
L)GLUT2
M)galactose isomerase

Question 14

______________ are enzymes that catalyze the transfer of a phosphoryl group from ATP to an acceptor.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ______________ are enzymes that catalyze the transfer...

Question 15

What is a common mechanistic feature of kinases?

Accepted Answer

A)  Phosphoryl groups are transferred from AMP to an acceptor. 
B)  The binding of substrate induces cleft closing. 
C)  Kinases convert aldoses to ketoses. 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  Phosphoryl groups are transferred from AMP to an acceptor. 
B)  The binding of substrate induces cleft closing. 
C)  Kinases convert aldoses to ketoses. 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 16

Use the following to answer questions
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-____________ is the principle carbohydrate in living systems.

Accepted Answer

A) obligate anaerobes 
B) AMP 
C) pyruvate 
D) NAD+ 
E) glucose
F)UDP-glucose
G)GLUT5
H)facultative anaerobes
I)ATP
J)magnesium
K)galactokinase
L)GLUT2
M)galactose isomerase 
A) obligate anaerobes 
B) AMP 
C) pyruvate 
D) NAD+ 
E) glucose
F)UDP-glucose
G)GLUT5
H)facultative anaerobes
I)ATP
J)magnesium
K)galactokinase
L)GLUT2
M)galactose isomerase

Question 17

Glycolysis produces a net of ______________ moles of ATP per 1 mole of glucose.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Glycolysis produces a net of ______________ moles...

Question 18

In alcoholic fermentation, the decarboxylation of pyruvate requires a coenzyme that contains the vitamin ______________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In alcoholic fermentation, the decarboxylation of pyruvate...

Question 19

What is the purpose of phosphorylating glucose in cytosol?

Accepted Answer

A)  to trap glucose in the cell 
B)  to destabilize glucose and facilitate the next series of metabolic steps 
C)  to convert it to a more soluble form 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  A and B 
A)  to trap glucose in the cell 
B)  to destabilize glucose and facilitate the next series of metabolic steps 
C)  to convert it to a more soluble form 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  A and B

Question 20

There are several key regulatory steps in which glycolysis in muscle is left "on" and in liver the same pathway is "off" or inhibited. What are these steps and why are they important?

Accepted Answer

These kinds of regulatory steps are impo

Exam 16: Glycolysis

What reaction is catalyzed by aldolase?

Lactose intolerance is caused by a deficiency of:

Use the following to answer questions Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -An allosteric activator of glycolysis is ____________.

Use the following to answer questions Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -The product of aerobic glycolysis is ____________.

In the absence of oxygen, ______________ increases the expression of most glycolytic enzymes and the glucose transporters GLUT1 and GLUT3.

At equilibrium, there is far more DHAP than GAP. Yet the conversion of DHAP by triose phosphate isomerase proceeds readily. Why?

Use the following to answer questions Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -____________: These organisms cannot survive in the presence of oxygen.

What type of enzyme catalyzes the intramolecular shift of a chemical group?

Use the following to answer questions Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -The transporter that is responsible for fructose uptake in the intestine is ____________.

Describe the two isoforms of pyruvate kinase.

Fructose can enter glycolysis at two distinct points, depending on the tissue. How is fructose metabolized in adipose tissue?

How is glycolysis maintained under anaerobic conditions?

Use the following to answer questions Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -The intermediate that is necessary for the conversion of galactose to glucose is ____________.

______________ are enzymes that catalyze the transfer of a phosphoryl group from ATP to an acceptor.

What is a common mechanistic feature of kinases?

Use the following to answer questions Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -____________ is the principle carbohydrate in living systems.

Glycolysis produces a net of ______________ moles of ATP per 1 mole of glucose.

In alcoholic fermentation, the decarboxylation of pyruvate requires a coenzyme that contains the vitamin ______________.

What is the purpose of phosphorylating glucose in cytosol?

There are several key regulatory steps in which glycolysis in muscle is left "on" and in liver the same pathway is "off" or inhibited. What are these steps and why are they important?

Biochemistry and the Unity of Life

Water, Weak Bonds, and the Generation of Order Out of Chaos

Amino Acids

Protein Three-Dimensional Structure

Techniques in Protein Biochemistry

Basic Concepts of Enzyme Action

Kinetics and Regulation

Mechanisms and Inhibitors

Hemoglobin: an Allosteric Protein

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Membrane Structure and Function

Signal Transduction Pathways

Digestion: Turning a Meal Into Cellular Biochemicals

Metabolism: Basic Concepts and Design

Gluconeogenesis

Preparation for the Cycle

Harvesting Electrons From the Cycle

The Electron Transport Chain

The Proton-Motive Force

The Light Reactions

The Calvin Cycle

Glycogen Degradation

Glycogen Synthesis

The Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Fatty Acid Degredation

Fatty Acid Synthesis

Lipid Synthesis

Amino Acid Degradation and the Urea Cycle

Amino Acids Synthesis

Nucleotide Metabolism

The Structure of Informational Macromolecules: Dna and Rna

DNA Replication

DNA Repair and Recombination

RNA Synthesis and Regulation in Prokaryotes

Gene Expression in Eukaryotes

RNA Processing in Eukaryotes

The Genetic Code

The Mechanism of Protein Synthesis

Recombinant Dna Techniques

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