Question 1

Describe the stages of the Calvin cycle.

Accepted Answer

The stages of the Calvin cycle include:1

Question 2

The protein that regulates the Calvin cycle is:

Accepted Answer

A)  protein kinase C. 
B)  rubisco. 
C)  thioredoxin. 
D)  ferredoxin-thioredoxin reductase. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  protein kinase C. 
B)  rubisco. 
C)  thioredoxin. 
D)  ferredoxin-thioredoxin reductase. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 3

Why is the chemistry of the "dark reactions" referred to as a cycle and not a pathway?

Accepted Answer

The Calvin cycle begins with the additio

Question 4

Plants adapt to arid ecosystems using ________________.

Accepted Answer

crassulace

Question 5

Volcanoes, which spew millions of tons of gases and particles into the atmosphere, cause an ________________ in photosynthesis specifically during the daytime.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Volcanoes, which spew millions of tons of...

Question 6

____________ is another name for ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase.

Accepted Answer

A) rubisco 
B) transketolase 
C) crassulacean acid metabolism 
D) autotrophs 
E) C6
F)pyruvate-Pi dikinase
G)hexose monophosphate pool
H)heterotrophs
I)glycolysis
J)C4
K)sucrose
L)phosphoglycerate 
A) rubisco 
B) transketolase 
C) crassulacean acid metabolism 
D) autotrophs 
E) C6
F)pyruvate-Pi dikinase
G)hexose monophosphate pool
H)heterotrophs
I)glycolysis
J)C4
K)sucrose
L)phosphoglycerate

Question 7

Which coenzyme is required by glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase in chloroplasts to convert 3-phosphoglycerate into glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate?

Accepted Answer

A)  NADH 
B)  NADPH 
C)  NAD+ 
D)  NADP+ 
E)  thiamine pyrophosphate 
A)  NADH 
B)  NADPH 
C)  NAD+ 
D)  NADP+ 
E)  thiamine pyrophosphate

Question 8

____________: A metabolic adaptation employed by plants that live in hot, dry climates.

Accepted Answer

A) rubisco 
B) transketolase 
C) crassulacean acid metabolism 
D) autotrophs 
E) C6
F)pyruvate-Pi dikinase
G)hexose monophosphate pool
H)heterotrophs
I)glycolysis
J)C4
K)sucrose
L)phosphoglycerate 
A) rubisco 
B) transketolase 
C) crassulacean acid metabolism 
D) autotrophs 
E) C6
F)pyruvate-Pi dikinase
G)hexose monophosphate pool
H)heterotrophs
I)glycolysis
J)C4
K)sucrose
L)phosphoglycerate

Question 9

Describe, in biochemical terms, how bread becomes stale.

Accepted Answer

During the baking process, starches in b

Question 10

How does light alter the fixation of CO2?

Accepted Answer

Rubisco is activated when plants are exp

Question 11

The energetic equivalent of ________ ATP molecule(s) is/are consumed in transporting CO2 to the chloroplasts of the bundle-sheath cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
E)  6 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
E)  6

Question 12

In C4 plants, carbon dioxide is added to ________________ to form oxaloacetate, which is reduced to malate, which carries CO2 to the bundle-sheath cells.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In C4 plants, carbon dioxide is added...

Question 13

The immediate unwanted side-reaction of rubisco is:

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphoglycolate. 
B)  ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate. 
C)  glycerol. 
D)  amylose. 
E)  phosphofructose. 
A)  phosphoglycolate. 
B)  ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate. 
C)  glycerol. 
D)  amylose. 
E)  phosphofructose.

Question 14

Why are reactions of the Calvin cycle called the "dark reactions"?

Accepted Answer

Unlike photosynthetic reaction

Question 15

The enzyme that catalyzes the rate-limiting step in hexose synthesis is:

Accepted Answer

A)  aldolase . 
B)  transketolase. 
C)  rubisco. 
D)  phosphopentose isomerase. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  aldolase . 
B)  transketolase. 
C)  rubisco. 
D)  phosphopentose isomerase. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 16

What is the basic difference between C4 and C3 plants?

Accepted Answer

C3 plants comprise the majority of plant

Question 17

Plants store glucose as ___________ and ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  starch; sucrose 
B)  fructose; sucrose 
C)  starch; fructose 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  starch; sucrose 
B)  fructose; sucrose 
C)  starch; fructose 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 18

Which enzyme is cited as the most abundant enzyme in the biosphere? Why is this so?

Accepted Answer

Rubisco (for 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylas

Question 19

____________: The pathway that ensures that sufficient amounts of CO2 are available to minimize wasteful photorespiration.

Accepted Answer

A) rubisco 
B) transketolase 
C) crassulacean acid metabolism 
D) autotrophs 
E) C6
F)pyruvate-Pi dikinase
G)hexose monophosphate pool
H)heterotrophs
I)glycolysis
J)C4
K)sucrose
L)phosphoglycerate 
A) rubisco 
B) transketolase 
C) crassulacean acid metabolism 
D) autotrophs 
E) C6
F)pyruvate-Pi dikinase
G)hexose monophosphate pool
H)heterotrophs
I)glycolysis
J)C4
K)sucrose
L)phosphoglycerate

Question 20

The binding site of Mg2+ to rubisco involves the formation of a ________________ group between lysine 221 and CO2.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The binding site of Mg2+ to rubisco...

Exam 23: The Calvin Cycle

Describe the stages of the Calvin cycle.

The protein that regulates the Calvin cycle is:

Why is the chemistry of the "dark reactions" referred to as a cycle and not a pathway?

Plants adapt to arid ecosystems using ________________.

Volcanoes, which spew millions of tons of gases and particles into the atmosphere, cause an ________________ in photosynthesis specifically during the daytime.

____________ is another name for ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase.

Which coenzyme is required by glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase in chloroplasts to convert 3-phosphoglycerate into glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate?

____________: A metabolic adaptation employed by plants that live in hot, dry climates.

Describe, in biochemical terms, how bread becomes stale.

How does light alter the fixation of CO2?

The energetic equivalent of ________ ATP molecule(s) is/are consumed in transporting CO2 to the chloroplasts of the bundle-sheath cells?

In C4 plants, carbon dioxide is added to ________________ to form oxaloacetate, which is reduced to malate, which carries CO2 to the bundle-sheath cells.

The immediate unwanted side-reaction of rubisco is:

Why are reactions of the Calvin cycle called the "dark reactions"?

The enzyme that catalyzes the rate-limiting step in hexose synthesis is:

What is the basic difference between C4 and C3 plants?

Plants store glucose as ___________ and ____________.

Which enzyme is cited as the most abundant enzyme in the biosphere? Why is this so?

____________: The pathway that ensures that sufficient amounts of CO2 are available to minimize wasteful photorespiration.

The binding site of Mg2+ to rubisco involves the formation of a ________________ group between lysine 221 and CO2.

Biochemistry and the Unity of Life

Water, Weak Bonds, and the Generation of Order Out of Chaos

Amino Acids

Protein Three-Dimensional Structure

Techniques in Protein Biochemistry

Basic Concepts of Enzyme Action

Kinetics and Regulation

Mechanisms and Inhibitors

Hemoglobin: an Allosteric Protein

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Membrane Structure and Function

Signal Transduction Pathways

Digestion: Turning a Meal Into Cellular Biochemicals

Metabolism: Basic Concepts and Design

Glycolysis

Gluconeogenesis

Preparation for the Cycle

Harvesting Electrons From the Cycle

The Electron Transport Chain

The Proton-Motive Force

The Light Reactions

Glycogen Degradation

Glycogen Synthesis

The Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Fatty Acid Degredation

Fatty Acid Synthesis

Lipid Synthesis

Amino Acid Degradation and the Urea Cycle

Amino Acids Synthesis

Nucleotide Metabolism

The Structure of Informational Macromolecules: Dna and Rna

DNA Replication

DNA Repair and Recombination

RNA Synthesis and Regulation in Prokaryotes

Gene Expression in Eukaryotes

RNA Processing in Eukaryotes

The Genetic Code

The Mechanism of Protein Synthesis

Recombinant Dna Techniques

Filters

Plants store glucose as _ and __.