Exam 30: Global Climate Change

Within the past century,the major source of carbon emissions into the atmospheric has been

The general circulation models developed by atmospheric scientists predict that in the future,

A 1°C increase in daily temperature is predicted to shift the U.S.corn belt significantly to the ________.

Deforestation is a major cause of increased atmospheric concentrations of

In response to elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide levels,primary productivity is more likely to increase in seasonally dry environments than in seasonally moist environments.

General circulation models consistently predict an increase in both average global ________ and average global precipitation.

The process of ________ controls uptake of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere into the oceans.

Most species of agricultural crops will benefit from a rise in carbon dioxide concentrations by increasing crop yields.

At higher atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations,greater rates of diffusion and photosynthesis are collectively called the ________ effect.

Warmed soils result in greater emissions of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere.

The absorption of thermal (long-wave)radiation emitted by the Earth's surface and atmosphere by naturally occurring chemical compounds in the atmosphere is a phenomenon referred to as the ________ effect.

The Earth's terrestrial ecosystems are net producers of carbon.

Recent analyses of daily maximum and minimum temperatures from 1950 to 2000 indicate a decrease in the ________ temperature range.

Atmospheric scientists have developed complex computer models of Earth's climate system called general ________ models.

The thermocline causes most oceans to have a reduced capacity to absorb carbon dioxide.

Distributions of many infectious diseases are expected to spread more into temperate zones due to greater survival of ________ vectors.

Most plants respond to elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations by partially closing their stomata,reducing water loss due to transpiration.

According to general circulation models,warming is expected to be most significant during the ________ season and in northern latitudes.

When carbon dioxide dissolves in ocean water,much of it is transformed into ________.

Pre-industrial carbon dioxide levels of 280 ppm in the atmosphere are expected to double by the year 2020 at current emission rates.