Question 1

Which of the following is not considered to be a contributor to increased global surface temperatures?

Accepted Answer

A) greenhouse gas emission 
B) burning of fossil fuels 
C) deforestation 
D) carbon sequestration 
E) industrial and transportation infrastructure 
A) greenhouse gas emission 
B) burning of fossil fuels 
C) deforestation 
D) carbon sequestration 
E) industrial and transportation infrastructure

Question 2

The chloroplast internal membrane is organized into flattened membranous sacs called _________; they,in turn,are arranged in orderly stacks called _______ that contain energy-transducing machinery

Accepted Answer

A) thylakoids,grana 
B) grana,thylakoids 
C) thylakoids,stroma thylakoids 
D) thylakoids,grana thylakoids 
E) grana thylakoids,thylakoids 
A) thylakoids,grana 
B) grana,thylakoids 
C) thylakoids,stroma thylakoids 
D) thylakoids,grana thylakoids 
E) grana thylakoids,thylakoids

Question 3

The shared properties of the two photosystems (I and II)with respect to protein composition and overall architecture suggest that __________.

Accepted Answer

A) both absorb exactly the same wavelength of light 
B) all photosynthetic reaction centers have evolved from a common ancestral structure that has been conserved for a long time (more than 3 billion years) 
C) all photosynthetic reaction centers have their own unique ancestor 
D) all photosynthetic reaction centers have evolved separately within the last 100,000 years 
E) all photosynthetic reaction centers evolved from unrelated structures 
A) both absorb exactly the same wavelength of light 
B) all photosynthetic reaction centers have evolved from a common ancestral structure that has been conserved for a long time (more than 3 billion years) 
C) all photosynthetic reaction centers have their own unique ancestor 
D) all photosynthetic reaction centers have evolved separately within the last 100,000 years 
E) all photosynthetic reaction centers evolved from unrelated structures

Question 4

The raw materials that the earliest forms of life on Earth used for nutrients were produced ______.

Accepted Answer

A) artificially 
B) biotically 
C) abiotically 
D) supernaturally 
E) quickly 
A) artificially 
B) biotically 
C) abiotically 
D) supernaturally 
E) quickly

Question 5

How does high intensity light supposedly damage PSII?

Accepted Answer

A) If overexcited,PSII becomes highly acidic. 
B) If overexcited,PSII becomes highly basic. 
C) If overexcited,PSII can damage PSI. 
D) If overexcited,PSII can form toxic oxygen species. 
E) If overexcited,PSII dissociates. 
A) If overexcited,PSII becomes highly acidic. 
B) If overexcited,PSII becomes highly basic. 
C) If overexcited,PSII can damage PSI. 
D) If overexcited,PSII can form toxic oxygen species. 
E) If overexcited,PSII dissociates.

Question 6

ATP synthase molecules located in nonappressed regions of the thylakoid membrane,where two membranes of the grana are not in close contact.What is the reason for this orientation?

Accepted Answer

ATP synthase has a large porti

Question 7

The excited PSII reaction-center pigment (P680*)transfers a single photoexcited electron to a closely associated,chlorophyll-like molecule called _________.

Accepted Answer

A) theophyllin 
B) carotene 
C) pheophytin 
D) xanthophylls 
E) succinate dehydrogenase 
A) theophyllin 
B) carotene 
C) pheophytin 
D) xanthophylls 
E) succinate dehydrogenase

Question 8

How did the evolution of photosynthesis set the stage for the evolution of aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

A) Photosynthesis produces a waste product (carbon dioxide)that led to the evolution of aerobic respiration. 
B) Photosynthesis produces a waste product (oxygen)that led to the evolution of aerobic respiration. 
C) Photosynthesis uses carbon monoxide in the atmosphere. 
D) Photosynthesis produces a waste product (sulfur)that led to the evolution of aerobic respiration. 
E) Photosynthesis inhibits glycolysis. 
A) Photosynthesis produces a waste product (carbon dioxide)that led to the evolution of aerobic respiration. 
B) Photosynthesis produces a waste product (oxygen)that led to the evolution of aerobic respiration. 
C) Photosynthesis uses carbon monoxide in the atmosphere. 
D) Photosynthesis produces a waste product (sulfur)that led to the evolution of aerobic respiration. 
E) Photosynthesis inhibits glycolysis.

Question 9

How do C4 plants manage to cause CO2 fixation to be favored over photorespiration?

Accepted Answer

A) They can generate high [CO2]/[O2] ratios in the local Rubisco environment. 
B) They can generate low [CO2]/[O2] ratios in the local Rubisco environment. 
C) They destroy the cell wall. 
D) They convert CO2 to O2. 
E) They can generate high [CO2]/[O2] ratios in the local PEP carboxylase environment. 
A) They can generate high [CO2]/[O2] ratios in the local Rubisco environment. 
B) They can generate low [CO2]/[O2] ratios in the local Rubisco environment. 
C) They destroy the cell wall. 
D) They convert CO2 to O2. 
E) They can generate high [CO2]/[O2] ratios in the local PEP carboxylase environment.

Question 10

What is a reason for having mobile electron carriers in the thylakoid membranes? Does the movement require energy or is it passive?

Accepted Answer

The PSI and PSII photosystems

Question 11

The electrons "stored" in the structure of NADPH contain much higher energy than the electrons of water.These NADPH electrons are raised in energy by the transfer of energy from photosynthetic pigments.Why does it take two photochemical events to accomplish this?

Accepted Answer

A single red photon does not c

Question 12

Calvin originally thought that the acceptor molecule for carbon dioxide during carbon fixation contained how many carbons?

Accepted Answer

A) 2 
B) 1 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 6 
A) 2 
B) 1 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 6

Question 13

What is the plant cell's primary source of reducing power?

Accepted Answer

A) CO2 
B) ADP 
C) ATP 
D) NAD 
E) NADPH 
A) CO2 
B) ADP 
C) ATP 
D) NAD 
E) NADPH

Question 14

What part of PSII appears to suffer most of the damage from high intensity light?

Accepted Answer

A) the reaction center photopigment 
B) the D1 polypeptide of PSII 
C) the electrons 
D) NADPH 
E) both the D1 polypeptide of PSII and NADPH 
A) the reaction center photopigment 
B) the D1 polypeptide of PSII 
C) the electrons 
D) NADPH 
E) both the D1 polypeptide of PSII and NADPH

Question 15

What is the minimum number of photons needed to make one molecule of O2 during photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) 2 
B) 4 
C) 6 
D) 8 
E) 16 
A) 2 
B) 4 
C) 6 
D) 8 
E) 16

Question 16

The light-driven splitting of a water molecule is known as _______.

Accepted Answer

A) hydrolysis 
B) photonization 
C) photolysis 
D) condensation 
E) dehydration 
A) hydrolysis 
B) photonization 
C) photolysis 
D) condensation 
E) dehydration

Question 17

The reduction of ________ is accomplished with electrons passed through ferredoxin; this substance then reduces certain _______ in selected Calvin cycle enzymes.

Accepted Answer

A) thioredoxin,disulfide bridges 
B) thioredoxin,sulfhydryl groups 
C) sulfhydryl groups,thioredoxin 
D) disulfide bridges,thioredoxin 
E) thioredoxin,hydrogen bonds 
A) thioredoxin,disulfide bridges 
B) thioredoxin,sulfhydryl groups 
C) sulfhydryl groups,thioredoxin 
D) disulfide bridges,thioredoxin 
E) thioredoxin,hydrogen bonds

Question 18

To what organelle is glycolate passed after it is produced in the chloroplast?

Accepted Answer

A) the peroxisome 
B) the glyoxysome 
C) the lysosome 
D) the Golgi apparatus 
E) the rough endoplasmic reticulum 
A) the peroxisome 
B) the glyoxysome 
C) the lysosome 
D) the Golgi apparatus 
E) the rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 19

Organisms that use the energy stored in inorganic molecules,like ammonia,hydrogen sulfide or nitrites,to convert carbon dioxide to organic molecules like carbohydrates and proteins are called _____.

Accepted Answer

A) chemoautotrophs 
B) chemoheterotrophs 
C) photoautotrophs 
D) photoheterotrophs 
E) didliotrophs 
A) chemoautotrophs 
B) chemoheterotrophs 
C) photoautotrophs 
D) photoheterotrophs 
E) didliotrophs

Question 20

How does paraquat destroy human tissue?

Accepted Answer

A) It competes with ferredoxin for electrons from the PSI reaction center. 
B) It interferes with PSI function. 
C) Electrons attached to paraquat are used to reduce nitrogen,generating highly reactive nitrogen radicals. 
D) It leads to the production of substances that damage and kill the tissue. 
E) It generates oxygen radicals using electrons diverted from complex I of the respiratory chain. 
A) It competes with ferredoxin for electrons from the PSI reaction center. 
B) It interferes with PSI function. 
C) Electrons attached to paraquat are used to reduce nitrogen,generating highly reactive nitrogen radicals. 
D) It leads to the production of substances that damage and kill the tissue. 
E) It generates oxygen radicals using electrons diverted from complex I of the respiratory chain.

Which of the following is not considered to be a contributor to increased global surface temperatures?

The chloroplast internal membrane is organized into flattened membranous sacs called ___; they,in turn,are arranged in orderly stacks called _ that contain energy-transducing machinery

The shared properties of the two photosystems (I and II)with respect to protein composition and overall architecture suggest that __________.

The raw materials that the earliest forms of life on Earth used for nutrients were produced ______.

How does high intensity light supposedly damage PSII?

ATP synthase molecules located in nonappressed regions of the thylakoid membrane,where two membranes of the grana are not in close contact.What is the reason for this orientation?

The excited PSII reaction-center pigment (P680*)transfers a single photoexcited electron to a closely associated,chlorophyll-like molecule called _________.

How did the evolution of photosynthesis set the stage for the evolution of aerobic respiration?

How do C₄ plants manage to cause CO₂ fixation to be favored over photorespiration?

What is a reason for having mobile electron carriers in the thylakoid membranes? Does the movement require energy or is it passive?

The electrons "stored" in the structure of NADPH contain much higher energy than the electrons of water.These NADPH electrons are raised in energy by the transfer of energy from photosynthetic pigments.Why does it take two photochemical events to accomplish this?

Calvin originally thought that the acceptor molecule for carbon dioxide during carbon fixation contained how many carbons?

What is the plant cell's primary source of reducing power?

What part of PSII appears to suffer most of the damage from high intensity light?

What is the minimum number of photons needed to make one molecule of O₂during photosynthesis?

The light-driven splitting of a water molecule is known as _______.

The reduction of __ is accomplished with electrons passed through ferredoxin; this substance then reduces certain _ in selected Calvin cycle enzymes.

To what organelle is glycolate passed after it is produced in the chloroplast?

Organisms that use the energy stored in inorganic molecules,like ammonia,hydrogen sulfide or nitrites,to convert carbon dioxide to organic molecules like carbohydrates and proteins are called _____.

How does paraquat destroy human tissue?

Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life

Bioenergetics,enzymes and Metabolism

The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion

Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment

Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, function, and Membrane Trafficking

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility

The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Replication and Repair

Cellular Reproduction

Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction: Communication Between Cells

Cancer

The Immune Response

Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology

Filters

Exam 6: Photosynthesis and the Chloroplast

Which of the following is not considered to be a contributor to increased global surface temperatures?

The chloroplast internal membrane is organized into flattened membranous sacs called _________; they,in turn,are arranged in orderly stacks called _______ that contain energy-transducing machinery

The shared properties of the two photosystems (I and II)with respect to protein composition and overall architecture suggest that __________.

The raw materials that the earliest forms of life on Earth used for nutrients were produced ______.

How does high intensity light supposedly damage PSII?

ATP synthase molecules located in nonappressed regions of the thylakoid membrane,where two membranes of the grana are not in close contact.What is the reason for this orientation?

The excited PSII reaction-center pigment (P680*)transfers a single photoexcited electron to a closely associated,chlorophyll-like molecule called _________.

How did the evolution of photosynthesis set the stage for the evolution of aerobic respiration?

How do C4 plants manage to cause CO2 fixation to be favored over photorespiration?

What is a reason for having mobile electron carriers in the thylakoid membranes? Does the movement require energy or is it passive?

The electrons "stored" in the structure of NADPH contain much higher energy than the electrons of water.These NADPH electrons are raised in energy by the transfer of energy from photosynthetic pigments.Why does it take two photochemical events to accomplish this?

Calvin originally thought that the acceptor molecule for carbon dioxide during carbon fixation contained how many carbons?

What is the plant cell's primary source of reducing power?

What part of PSII appears to suffer most of the damage from high intensity light?

What is the minimum number of photons needed to make one molecule of O2 during photosynthesis?

The light-driven splitting of a water molecule is known as _______.

The reduction of ________ is accomplished with electrons passed through ferredoxin; this substance then reduces certain _______ in selected Calvin cycle enzymes.

To what organelle is glycolate passed after it is produced in the chloroplast?

Organisms that use the energy stored in inorganic molecules,like ammonia,hydrogen sulfide or nitrites,to convert carbon dioxide to organic molecules like carbohydrates and proteins are called _____.

How does paraquat destroy human tissue?

Introduction to the Study of Cell and Molecular Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life

Bioenergetics,enzymes and Metabolism

The Structure and Function of the Plasma Membrane

Aerobic Respiration and the Mitochondrion

Interactions Between Cells and Their Environment

Cytoplasmic Membrane Systems: Structure, function, and Membrane Trafficking

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Motility

The Nature of the Gene and the Genome

Gene Expression: From Transcription to Translation

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Replication and Repair

Cellular Reproduction

Cell Signaling and Signal Transduction: Communication Between Cells

Cancer

The Immune Response

Techniques in Cell and Molecular Biology

Filters

The chloroplast internal membrane is organized into flattened membranous sacs called ___; they,in turn,are arranged in orderly stacks called _ that contain energy-transducing machinery

How do C₄ plants manage to cause CO₂ fixation to be favored over photorespiration?

What is the minimum number of photons needed to make one molecule of O₂during photosynthesis?

The reduction of __ is accomplished with electrons passed through ferredoxin; this substance then reduces certain _ in selected Calvin cycle enzymes.