Question 1

A device used to separate fresh water from salt water using heat is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  osmometer. 
B)  dialysis machine. 
C)  still. 
D)  ion exchange column. 
E)  salt fountain. 
A)  osmometer. 
B)  dialysis machine. 
C)  still. 
D)  ion exchange column. 
E)  salt fountain.

Question 2

In the process called osmosis, water naturally travels through a semipermeable membrane from the side of low salt concentration to the side of high salt concentration.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Instruments used to measure the electrical conductivity of seawater can produce continuous readings of salinity with depth or continuous readings of salinity with time at a fixed depth.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

An ion with a negative charge is called an ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An ion with a negative charge is...

Question 5

The total change in concentration of carbon dioxide with depth is small because

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon dioxide combines with water to form carbonic acid and bicarbonate. 
B)  decay occurs at all depths. 
C)  photosynthesis occurs only at the surface. 
D)  carbon dioxide is added directly from the atmosphere. 
E)  carbon dioxide reacts with oxygen. 
A)  carbon dioxide combines with water to form carbonic acid and bicarbonate. 
B)  decay occurs at all depths. 
C)  photosynthesis occurs only at the surface. 
D)  carbon dioxide is added directly from the atmosphere. 
E)  carbon dioxide reacts with oxygen.

Question 6

The major ionic constituents of sea salt are normally found to

Accepted Answer

A)  have a constant ratio of each constituent to each other. 
B)  behave as conservative materials. 
C)  have the same ratio to each other even when diluted by rainwater. 
D)  All of these are correct. 
E)  None of these are correct. 
A)  have a constant ratio of each constituent to each other. 
B)  behave as conservative materials. 
C)  have the same ratio to each other even when diluted by rainwater. 
D)  All of these are correct. 
E)  None of these are correct.

Question 7

Trace elements in seawater are

Accepted Answer

A)  toxic to marine life forms. 
B)  necessary for many marine life forms. 
C)  found in concentrations suitable for commercial use. 
D)  significant components of the total salt content of seawater. 
E)  in higher concentrations at lower salinities. 
A)  toxic to marine life forms. 
B)  necessary for many marine life forms. 
C)  found in concentrations suitable for commercial use. 
D)  significant components of the total salt content of seawater. 
E)  in higher concentrations at lower salinities.

Question 8

Which of the following ions has the highest concentration in seawater?

Accepted Answer

A)  Na+ 
B)  Cl- 
C)  Mg2+ 
D)  K+ 
E)  Ca2+ 
A)  Na+ 
B)  Cl- 
C)  Mg2+ 
D)  K+ 
E)  Ca2+

Question 9

Formation of evaporites acts to add salts to seawater.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Surface salinities at high latitudes tend to be greater in summer than winter.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Profiles of the concentration of oxygen and carbon dioxide in seawater from the surface to a depth of about 800 m are mirror images of each other.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Cold seawater holds less oxygen than warm seawater at the same pressure and salinity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The process of reverse osmosis uses pressure to separate fresh water from salt water through a semipermeable membrane.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Salinity of seawater is approximately equal to the total dissolved salts in seawater expressed as grams of salt per kilogram of seawater.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of these processes results in the transfer of the carbon from carbon dioxide to the deep sea?

Accepted Answer

A)  Photosynthesis 
B)  Respiration 
C)  Decay 
D)  Photosynthesis and decay 
E)  Photosynthesis, respiration, and decay 
A)  Photosynthesis 
B)  Respiration 
C)  Decay 
D)  Photosynthesis and decay 
E)  Photosynthesis, respiration, and decay

Question 16

Which ion has the shortest residence time in the oceans?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chloride 
B)  Sodium 
C)  Potassium 
D)  Sulfate 
E)  Iron 
A)  Chloride 
B)  Sodium 
C)  Potassium 
D)  Sulfate 
E)  Iron

Question 17

The saturation value of oxygen in seawater increases as the temperature increases.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Dittmar analyzed approximately seventy seawater samples collected around the world during the Challenger Expedition. He concluded that

Accepted Answer

A)  seawater had the same salinity worldwide. 
B)  salt content changes due to processes that add or subtract salt. 
C)  the major ions were always present in the same ratios. 
D)  dissolved gases are always present in the same ratios. 
E)  the major ions were always present in the same ratios and dissolved gases are always present in the same ratios. 
A)  seawater had the same salinity worldwide. 
B)  salt content changes due to processes that add or subtract salt. 
C)  the major ions were always present in the same ratios. 
D)  dissolved gases are always present in the same ratios. 
E)  the major ions were always present in the same ratios and dissolved gases are always present in the same ratios.

Question 19

The residence time of iron and sodium in the oceans is approximately the same.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which desalination process requires the least energy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Reverse osmosis 
B)  Distillation 
C)  Ion exchange 
D)  Freezing 
E)  Electrodialysis 
A)  Reverse osmosis 
B)  Distillation 
C)  Ion exchange 
D)  Freezing 
E)  Electrodialysis

A device used to separate fresh water from salt water using heat is called a(n)

In the process called osmosis, water naturally travels through a semipermeable membrane from the side of low salt concentration to the side of high salt concentration.

Instruments used to measure the electrical conductivity of seawater can produce continuous readings of salinity with depth or continuous readings of salinity with time at a fixed depth.

An ion with a negative charge is called an ________.

The total change in concentration of carbon dioxide with depth is small because

The major ionic constituents of sea salt are normally found to

Trace elements in seawater are

Which of the following ions has the highest concentration in seawater?

Formation of evaporites acts to add salts to seawater.

Surface salinities at high latitudes tend to be greater in summer than winter.

Profiles of the concentration of oxygen and carbon dioxide in seawater from the surface to a depth of about 800 m are mirror images of each other.

Cold seawater holds less oxygen than warm seawater at the same pressure and salinity.

The process of reverse osmosis uses pressure to separate fresh water from salt water through a semipermeable membrane.

Salinity of seawater is approximately equal to the total dissolved salts in seawater expressed as grams of salt per kilogram of seawater.

Which of these processes results in the transfer of the carbon from carbon dioxide to the deep sea?

Which ion has the shortest residence time in the oceans?

The saturation value of oxygen in seawater increases as the temperature increases.

Dittmar analyzed approximately seventy seawater samples collected around the world during the Challenger Expedition. He concluded that

The residence time of iron and sodium in the oceans is approximately the same.

Which desalination process requires the least energy?

The Water Planet

Earth Structure and Plate Tectonics

The Sea Floor and Its Sediments

The Physical Properties of Water

The Atmosphere and the Oceans

Ocean Structure and Circulation

The Waves

The Tides

Coasts, Beaches, and Estuaries

The Living Ocean

The Plankton, Energy, and Food Webs

The Nekton: Swimmers of the Sea

The Benthos: Living on the Sea Floor

Environmental Issues

The Oceans and Climate Disruption

Prologue: The History of Oceanography

Filters

Exam 5: Seawater

A device used to separate fresh water from salt water using heat is called a(n)

In the process called osmosis, water naturally travels through a semipermeable membrane from the side of low salt concentration to the side of high salt concentration.

Instruments used to measure the electrical conductivity of seawater can produce continuous readings of salinity with depth or continuous readings of salinity with time at a fixed depth.

An ion with a negative charge is called an ________.

The total change in concentration of carbon dioxide with depth is small because

The major ionic constituents of sea salt are normally found to

Trace elements in seawater are

Which of the following ions has the highest concentration in seawater?

Formation of evaporites acts to add salts to seawater.

Surface salinities at high latitudes tend to be greater in summer than winter.

Profiles of the concentration of oxygen and carbon dioxide in seawater from the surface to a depth of about 800 m are mirror images of each other.

Cold seawater holds less oxygen than warm seawater at the same pressure and salinity.

The process of reverse osmosis uses pressure to separate fresh water from salt water through a semipermeable membrane.

Salinity of seawater is approximately equal to the total dissolved salts in seawater expressed as grams of salt per kilogram of seawater.

Which of these processes results in the transfer of the carbon from carbon dioxide to the deep sea?

Which ion has the shortest residence time in the oceans?

The saturation value of oxygen in seawater increases as the temperature increases.

Dittmar analyzed approximately seventy seawater samples collected around the world during the Challenger Expedition. He concluded that

The residence time of iron and sodium in the oceans is approximately the same.

Which desalination process requires the least energy?

The Water Planet

Earth Structure and Plate Tectonics

The Sea Floor and Its Sediments

The Physical Properties of Water

The Atmosphere and the Oceans

Ocean Structure and Circulation

The Waves

The Tides

Coasts, Beaches, and Estuaries

The Living Ocean

The Plankton, Energy, and Food Webs

The Nekton: Swimmers of the Sea

The Benthos: Living on the Sea Floor

Environmental Issues

The Oceans and Climate Disruption

Prologue: The History of Oceanography

Filters