Exam 40: Nuclear Physics

Radon (Rn)is a gas.Its nucleus decays with the emission of an alpha particle to form an isotope of polonium (Po): The masses of the particles are: The rest energy of a unified mass unit is 931.5 MeV.The kinetic energy of the ejected particles is

For most nuclei,the total binding energy is proportional to the number of nucleons.This leads to the conclusion that nuclear forces show the property of

A flux of 10¹⁴ n/m² · s is incident on an foil that is 0.10 cm thick.The density of aluminum is 2.7 $\times$ 10³ kg/m³.The number of neutrons reacting with the aluminum is 10⁶ n/m² · s.The cross section for this reaction is approximately

A light-water reactor uses _______ as fuel,and a heavy-water reactor uses _______ as fuel.

In Positron Emission Tomography (or PET)scans,a very small amount of a radioactive drug is given to a patient.Fluorine-18 doped or labeled fluorodeoxyglucose,also called FDG,is a radioactive version of the sugar glucose with a half-life of 110 minutes.Once injected into the body,it will go to places where glucose is used for energy.For example,FDG will go to the brain,and,in particular,to those parts of the brain that are actively burning glucose for energy.A variety of different images are observed depending on the parts of the brain being used in certain tasks,such as reading or listening.If the patient came back at the same time the next day after their initial injection for a further scan,how much of the original Fluorine-18 activity would remain?

Use the following atomic masses. -The emission of one beta particle (an electron)from the nucleus of an atom produces a change of

One way to think about the low binding energy per nucleon for low A numbers is

Two alpha particles approach each other until they are 10^-8 cm apart.The force exerted by one of the particles on the other is approximately

Rutherford's experiments,in which he bombarded a very thin gold foil with alpha particles,showed that

A nuclear proton is changed into a neutron when

Which of the following is a negatively charged particle found in the nucleus of an atom?

The speed of alpha particles from ²¹⁰Po is 1.6 $\times$ 10⁷ m/s.The recoil atom will have a speed of approximately

The Federal Aviation Administration limits the number of hours flight crews can be at high altitudes, $\backsim$ 10,000 m.One of the reasons is because

The nuclear reaction process in which a heavy nucleus splits into two roughly equal parts is known as

The element that would best serve as a control rod in a nuclear reactor is

Radon ²²²Rn is a radioactive gas produced as part of the natural decay chain of uranium.Because it is a gas,it can pose a health problem through inhalation,especially when high concentrations accumulate in homes.Suppose 5 $\times$ 10⁸ radon atoms are present in a basement at some time.If the basement is sealed and left,then how many radon atoms remain after a month (31 days)? (The half-life of ²²²Rn is 3.82 days.)

The average kinetic energy of a thermal neutron is

The radius of the ⁶⁴Ni nucleus is approximately

If the radioactivity of thorium C decreases to one-half in 1 h,in another 60 min its activity,compared with that at the beginning of the first hour,will be

A radioactive nucleus with Z = 92 and A = 235 decays through a series of alpha,beta,and gamma emissions to a stable nucleus with Z = 82 and A = 207.The number of alpha particles and the number of beta particles emitted during the entire process are