Question 1

What do the two earliest Neandertal discoveries have in common?

Accepted Answer

A)  they were both found in Germany 
B)  they were both remains of thought to be Australopithecines 
C)  they were both not recognized as examples of Neandertal 
D)  all of these 
A)  they were both found in Germany 
B)  they were both remains of thought to be Australopithecines 
C)  they were both not recognized as examples of Neandertal 
D)  all of these C

Question 2

Middle Paleolithic tool making techniques could produce more cutting surface from a given amount of raw material than could earlier techniques.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

Explain the difference between the "lumpers' perspective" and the "splitters' perspective.

Accepted Answer

The "lumpers' perspective" and the "splitters' perspective" refer to two different approaches to categorizing and understanding concepts or phenomena.

The lumpers' perspective emphasizes the similarities and commonalities between different entities, often leading to the grouping of these entities into larger, more inclusive categories. This approach tends to focus on overarching patterns and generalizations, and may prioritize unity and coherence over individual differences.

On the other hand, the splitters' perspective emphasizes the differences and distinctions between entities, leading to the creation of smaller, more specific categories. This approach tends to prioritize precision and specificity, and may highlight the unique characteristics and nuances of each individual entity.

In essence, the lumpers' perspective seeks to consolidate and unify, while the splitters' perspective seeks to differentiate and specify. Both perspectives have their own strengths and weaknesses, and the choice between them often depends on the specific context and goals of the categorization process.

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the "lumpers' perspective"?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neandertals represent one of many distinct Middle Paleolithic hominin species 
B)  archaic H. sapiens are actually members of the species H. heidelbergensis 
C)  Neandertals and archaic H. sapiens were all part of one potentially interbreeding species 
D)  Neandertals and archaic H. sapiens could not and did not interbreed 
A)  Neandertals represent one of many distinct Middle Paleolithic hominin species 
B)  archaic H. sapiens are actually members of the species H. heidelbergensis 
C)  Neandertals and archaic H. sapiens were all part of one potentially interbreeding species 
D)  Neandertals and archaic H. sapiens could not and did not interbreed

Question 5

Comparative anatomy analysis suggests that the large Neandertal noses evolved to warm cold Middle Paleolithic air as it was inhaled.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Evidence of the use of fire by archaic H. sapiens is similar to that for H. erectus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Neandertals had a more gracile superior pubic ramus than modern humans.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Discuss the evidence to support the claim that archaic H. sapiens hunted big game animals.

Accepted Answer

The evidence to support the claim that a

Question 9

Neandertal bodies are typical of __________ populations.

Accepted Answer

A)  cold-adapted 
B)  altitude-adapted 
C)  heat-adapted 
D)  UV-adapted 
A)  cold-adapted 
B)  altitude-adapted 
C)  heat-adapted 
D)  UV-adapted

Question 10

Investigation of Neandertal skeletons reveals abundant evidence __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  that they were not at all different from H. sapiens 
B)  of bodies adapted to warm sunny climes 
C)  of a relatively easy and painless lifestyle 
D)  of traumatic injuries associated with rough terrain 
A)  that they were not at all different from H. sapiens 
B)  of bodies adapted to warm sunny climes 
C)  of a relatively easy and painless lifestyle 
D)  of traumatic injuries associated with rough terrain

Question 11

If the splitters are correct __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  H. heidelbergensis was an ancestor of H. neandertalensis 
B)  Neandertals and archaic H. sapiens were all part of one potentially interbreeding species 
C)  Neandertals and modern H. sapiens are the same species 
D)  all of these 
A)  H. heidelbergensis was an ancestor of H. neandertalensis 
B)  Neandertals and archaic H. sapiens were all part of one potentially interbreeding species 
C)  Neandertals and modern H. sapiens are the same species 
D)  all of these

Question 12

Which of the following is not an element of the "splitters' perspective"?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neandertals represent one of many distinct Middle Paleolithic hominin species 
B)  archaic H. sapiens are actually members of the species H. heidelbergensis 
C)  Neandertals and archaic H. sapiens were all part of one potentially interbreeding species 
D)  Neandertals and archaic H. sapiens could not and did not interbreed 
A)  Neandertals represent one of many distinct Middle Paleolithic hominin species 
B)  archaic H. sapiens are actually members of the species H. heidelbergensis 
C)  Neandertals and archaic H. sapiens were all part of one potentially interbreeding species 
D)  Neandertals and archaic H. sapiens could not and did not interbreed

Question 13

Compared to those of H. erectus, anatomically modern H. sapiens limb bones are more robust.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Citing specific fossil examples, describe the general physiological characteristics of the archaic forms of H. sapiens. How do these hominins physically differ from the Neandertal?

Accepted Answer

The archaic forms of H. sapiens, such as

Question 15

The finds at the Boxgrove site in England support the hypotheses that archaic H. sapiens __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  hunted big game 
B)  was an aggressive scavenger 
C)  ate mostly vegetable matter 
D)  relied on fish and other aquatic resources 
A)  hunted big game 
B)  was an aggressive scavenger 
C)  ate mostly vegetable matter 
D)  relied on fish and other aquatic resources

Question 16

Neandertal faces __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  are typically tall 
B)  have a pronounced midfacial prognathism 
C)  without a chin 
D)  all of these 
A)  are typically tall 
B)  have a pronounced midfacial prognathism 
C)  without a chin 
D)  all of these

Question 17

The Neandertal head is characterized by __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a pentagon shape when viewed from behind 
B)  a small juxtamastoid eminence 
C)  a lack of an occipital bun 
D)  all of these 
A)  a pentagon shape when viewed from behind 
B)  a small juxtamastoid eminence 
C)  a lack of an occipital bun 
D)  all of these

Question 18

Neandertals can be found in __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  western Europe 
B)  the Near East 
C)  western Asia 
D)  all of these 
A)  western Europe 
B)  the Near East 
C)  western Asia 
D)  all of these

Question 19

Citing physiological, chemical, and/or archaeological evidence outline and describe the basic elements of Neandertal tool use.

Accepted Answer

Neandertals were skilled tool users, and

Question 20

There is much evidence that Neandertals engaged in ritualized and symbolic behaviors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

What do the two earliest Neandertal discoveries have in common?

Middle Paleolithic tool making techniques could produce more cutting surface from a given amount of raw material than could earlier techniques.

Explain the difference between the "lumpers' perspective" and the "splitters' perspective.

Which of the following best describes the "lumpers' perspective"?

Comparative anatomy analysis suggests that the large Neandertal noses evolved to warm cold Middle Paleolithic air as it was inhaled.

Evidence of the use of fire by archaic H. sapiens is similar to that for H. erectus.

Neandertals had a more gracile superior pubic ramus than modern humans.

Discuss the evidence to support the claim that archaic H. sapiens hunted big game animals.

Neandertal bodies are typical of __________ populations.

Investigation of Neandertal skeletons reveals abundant evidence __________.

If the splitters are correct __________.

Which of the following is not an element of the "splitters' perspective"?

Compared to those of H. erectus, anatomically modern H. sapiens limb bones are more robust.

Citing specific fossil examples, describe the general physiological characteristics of the archaic forms of H. sapiens. How do these hominins physically differ from the Neandertal?

The finds at the Boxgrove site in England support the hypotheses that archaic H. sapiens __________.

Neandertal faces __________.

The Neandertal head is characterized by __________.

Neandertals can be found in __________.

Citing physiological, chemical, and/or archaeological evidence outline and describe the basic elements of Neandertal tool use.

There is much evidence that Neandertals engaged in ritualized and symbolic behaviors.

Introduction: What Is Biological Anthropology

Genetics: Cells and Molecules

Genetics: From Genotype to Phenotype

The Forces of Evolution and the Formation of Species

Human Variation: Evolution, Adaptation, and Adaptability

The Primates

Primate Behavior

Fossils in Geological Context

Origin of Primates

Becoming Human: the Ape-Hominin Transition

Early Hominins

Origin and Evolution of the Genus Homo Tc L1

The Emergence and Dispersal of Homo Sapiens

Evolution of the Brain and Language Tc L1

Biomedical Anthropology

The Evolution of Human Behavior

Bioarchaeology and Forensic Anthropology

Origins of Evolutionary Thought

Filters

Exam 13: Archaic Homo Sapiens and Neandertals

What do the two earliest Neandertal discoveries have in common?

Middle Paleolithic tool making techniques could produce more cutting surface from a given amount of raw material than could earlier techniques.

Explain the difference between the "lumpers' perspective" and the "splitters' perspective.

Which of the following best describes the "lumpers' perspective"?

Comparative anatomy analysis suggests that the large Neandertal noses evolved to warm cold Middle Paleolithic air as it was inhaled.

Evidence of the use of fire by archaic H. sapiens is similar to that for H. erectus.

Neandertals had a more gracile superior pubic ramus than modern humans.

Discuss the evidence to support the claim that archaic H. sapiens hunted big game animals.

Neandertal bodies are typical of __________ populations.

Investigation of Neandertal skeletons reveals abundant evidence __________.

If the splitters are correct __________.

Which of the following is not an element of the "splitters' perspective"?

Compared to those of H. erectus, anatomically modern H. sapiens limb bones are more robust.

Citing specific fossil examples, describe the general physiological characteristics of the archaic forms of H. sapiens. How do these hominins physically differ from the Neandertal?

The finds at the Boxgrove site in England support the hypotheses that archaic H. sapiens __________.

Neandertal faces __________.

The Neandertal head is characterized by __________.

Neandertals can be found in __________.

Citing physiological, chemical, and/or archaeological evidence outline and describe the basic elements of Neandertal tool use.

There is much evidence that Neandertals engaged in ritualized and symbolic behaviors.

Introduction: What Is Biological Anthropology

Genetics: Cells and Molecules

Genetics: From Genotype to Phenotype

The Forces of Evolution and the Formation of Species

Human Variation: Evolution, Adaptation, and Adaptability

The Primates

Primate Behavior

Fossils in Geological Context

Origin of Primates

Becoming Human: the Ape-Hominin Transition

Early Hominins

Origin and Evolution of the Genus Homo Tc L1

The Emergence and Dispersal of Homo Sapiens

Evolution of the Brain and Language Tc L1

Biomedical Anthropology

The Evolution of Human Behavior

Bioarchaeology and Forensic Anthropology

Origins of Evolutionary Thought

Filters